2018年大学英语四级真题答案及解析

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1、2018年 6 月大学英语四级真题（第 1 套）Part IWriting30minutes )Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay on the importance of reading ability and how to develop it. You should write at l east 120 words but no more than180 words.Part IIListening Comprehension (25minutes)Section ADir

2、ections:In this section, you will hear threenews reports.At the end of each news report, youwill hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the q uestions willbe spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarkedA),B),C) and D).Then mar

3、k thecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1witha singleline throughthe centre.Questions1 and2 arebasedon the news report you havejustheard.1. A) The returnof abottledmessage to its owners daughter.B) A New Hampshire mans joke with friends on his wife.C) A fathers message for his daughter.D) The historyof

4、a century-oldmotel.2. A) She wanted toshow gratitudeforhis kindness.B) She wanted to honor her fathers promise.C) Shehad beenasked by herfather todo so.D) She was excited to see her fathers handwriting.Questions3 and 4are based onthenewsreportyou have just heard.3. A) People wereconcerned aboutthenu

5、mber of bees.B) Several cases ofZika diseasehadbeen identified.C) Two million bees were infected with disease.D) Zika virus haddestroyed somebeefarms.4. A) It apologized to its customers.B) It was forced to kill its bees.C) It lost a huge stock of bees.D) It lost million dollars.Questions 5 to 7 are

6、 based on the news report you have just heard.5. A)It stayed intheair for abouttwohours.B) It took off and landed on a football field.C) Itproved to beofhigh commercialvalue.D) Itmade a seriesofsharp turns in thesky.6. A) Engineeringproblems.B) The air pollutionitproduced.C) Inadequate funding.D) Th

7、e oppositionfrom themilitary.7. A) It uses the latest aviation technology.B) Itflies faster thanacommercial jet.C) Itisa safermeansof transportation.D) It is more environmentally friendly.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. Atthe end of eachconversation, you wi

8、ll hear four questions. Both the conversation a nd thequestionswillbespokenonlyonce. After you hear a question,you must choosethebest answerfromthe fourchoicesmarked A),B), C) andD).Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet1with a singlelinethrough thecentre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on th

9、e conversation you have just heard.8. A) It seems a depressingtopic.B) Itsounds quite alarming.C) Ithas littleimpact on our daily life.D) Itis gettingmoreseriousthesedays.9. A) The man doesnt understandSpanish.B) The woman doesntreally likedancing.C) They dontwant somethingtoonoisy.D) They cant make

10、it tothe theatreintime.10. A) It would be morefun withoutMr.Whiteheadhosting.B) It has too many acts toholdtheaudiences attention.C) It is the most amusing show he has ever watched.D) It is a show inappropriate for a night of charity.11. A) Watch a comedy.B) Go and see the dance.C) Book the tickets

11、online.D) See a film with the man.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just hea rd.12. A) Most of her schoolmates are younger than she is.B) Shesimplyhas no idea whatschoolto transfer to.C) There are too many activities for her to cope with.D) Sheworriesshe wontfit inas atransfe

12、r student.13. A) Seek advice from senior students.B) Pick up some meaningful hobbies.C) Participate in after-school activities.D) Look intowhat the school offers.14. A) Giveher helpwhenever she needs it.B) Accept her as a transfer student.C) Find her accommodationon campus.D) Introduce her to her ro

13、ommates.15. A) She has interestssimilar toMr. Lees.B) Shehasbecome friendswithCatherine.C) She has chosen the major Catherine has.D) Shehasjust transferred tothe college.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questio

14、ns. Both the passage and the questionswillbespoken onlyyouheara question,you must choosethebest answer from the four choices marked A),B), C) and D). Then m arkthecorrespondingletter onAnswer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre .Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just hea

15、rd.16. A) To investigate how being overweight impacts on health.B) To find out which physical drive is the most powerful.C) Todiscoverwhatmost mice liketoeat.D) Todeterminewhatfeelingsmicehave.17. A) When they are hungry.B) Whentheyarethirsty.C) Whentheysmellfood.D) Whentheywantcompany.18. A) They s

16、earch for foodin groups.B) Theyare overweightwhen foodis plenty.C) Theyprefer to bewithothermice.D) They enjoy the company of other animals.Questions 19 to 21arebased on the passageyou have just heard.19. A) Its construction started before World War I.B) Its constructioncostmore than $ 40 billion.C)

17、 It is efficiently used for transport.D) Itis one ofthe bestin the world.20. A) To improve transportation in the countryside.B)Tomove troopsquicklyfrom place toplace.C)Toenable peopleto travel atD)Tospeed up thetransportation21.A)In the 1970s.B)Inthe 1960s.C)Inthe 1950s.D)Inthe 1940s.a higher speed.

18、 of goods.Questions22 to 25 are based on thepassage you have justheard.22. A) Chatting while driving.B) Messaging while driving.Part 出ReadingComprehension(40C)Driving under age.D)Speeding on highways.23.A) A gadget to hold a phone on the steering wheelB)A gadget to charge the phone in a car.C)A devi

19、ce to control the speed of a vehicle.D)A device to ensure people drive with both hands.24.A) The car keeps flashing its headlights.B)The car slows down gradually to a halt.C)They are alerted with a light and a sound.D)They get a warning on their smart phone.25.A) Installinga camera.B)Using a connect

20、ed app.C)Checking their emails.D)Keeping a daily recordYou a foreach blank from a list the passage. Read the passage through carefully n the bank isidentifiedof choices given ina word bank followingbefore making your choices.Each choice iby a letter.Please mark the correspondingletter for each item

21、ominutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with10 blanks.re required to select one wordn Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the centre.You may not use anyof the wordsin the bank more than once.An officetower on MillerStreet in Manchester is completelycovered in solarpanel

22、s. They are used to create someof the energy used by the insurance company inside.Whenthe tower was first _26_ in 1962, it was covered with thin squarestones. These small square stones becamea problem for the building and continued to fall off the face for 40 years until a major renovation was _27_

23、. Duringthis renovation the buildings owners, CIS, _28_ the solar panel company,Solar century. the completed A vertical solarCoveringThey agreed to cover the entire building in solar panels.CIS tower became Europes largest _29_ of vertical solar project on such a large _30_ has never been repeated a

24、 skyscraper with solar panels had never been done before,In 2004,panels.since.and theCIS tower was chosen as one of the 10 best green energy projects. For a long time after this renovation project, it was the tallest building in the United Kingdom, but it was _31_ overtaken by the Mill bank Tower.wa

25、snt a race of _35Green buildings like this arent _32_ cost-efficient for the investor, but it does produce much less pollution than that caused by energy _33_ through fossil fuels. As solar panels get _34_ , the world is likely to see more skyscrapers covered in solar panels, collecting energy much

26、like trees do.Imagine a world where building the tallest skyscraper but rather one to collect the most solar energy.A)ed F)G) ilyM)Section BDirections:cheaper B) consulteddimension H)L) production range N)scaleIn thish ten statementsit. Each statementcleaner C) collectiondiscovered I) eventuallyO) u

27、ndertakensection, you areattached tocontains informationgoingD)givencompetedE) constructJ)toinheightreadoneK) necessarpassage witof the paragraphs. Identify theparagraph from which the information paragraph more thanonce. Each paragraph is marked with s by marking the corresponding letterisderived.Y

28、ouletter. Answer on Answer Sheetmay choose athe question 2.Some College Students Are Angry That They Have to Pay to Do Their HomeworkA) Digital learning systems now charge students for access codes needed to complete coursework, take quizzes, and turn in homework. As universities go digital, student

29、s are complaining of a new hit to their finances thats replacing andsometimes joining expensive textbooks: pricey online access codes that are required to complete coursework and submit assignments.B) The codes which typically range in price from $ 80 to $ 155 per course givestudents online access t

30、o systems developed by education companies like McGraw Hill and Pearson. These companies, which long reaped big profits as textbook publishers, have boasted that their new online offerings, when pushed to students through universities they partner with, represent the future of the industry.C) But cr

31、itics say the digital access codes represent the same profit-seeking ethos ( 观念 ) of the textbook business, and are even harder for students to opt out of. While they could once buy second-hand textbooks, or share copies with friends, the digital systems are essentially impossible to avoid.D) When w

32、e talk about the access code we see it as the new face of the textbook monopoly ( 垄断 ), a new way to lock students around this system, said Ethan Senack, the higher education advocate for the . Public Interest Research Group, to BuzzFeed News. Rather than $250 (for a print textbook) youre paying $ 1

33、20, said Senack. But because its all digital it eliminates the used book market and eliminates any sharing and because homework and tests are through an access code, it eliminates any ability to opt out.E) Sarina Harpet, a 19-year-old student at Virginia Tech, was faced with a tough dilemma when she

34、 first started college in 2015 pay rent or pay to turn in herchemistry homework. She told BuzzFeed News that her freshman chemistry class required her to use Connect, a system provided by McGrawHill where students can submit homework, take exams and track their grades. But the code to access the pro

35、gram cost $ 120 a big sum for Harper, who had already put down $ 450 fortextbooks, and had rent day approaching.F) She decided to wait for her next work-study paycheck, which was typically $ 150$ 200, to pay for the code. She knew that her chemistry grade may take a dive as a result. Its a balancing

36、 act, she said. Can I really afford these access codes now She didnt hand in her first two assignments for chemistry, which started her out in the class with a failing grade.G) The access codes may be another financial headache for students, but for textbook businesses, theyre the future. McGraw Hil

37、l, which controls 21% of the higher education market, reported in March that its digital content sales exceeded print sales for the first time in 2015. The company said that 45% of its $ 140 million revenue in 2015 was derived from digital products.H) A Pearson spokesperson told BuzzFeed News that d

38、igital materials are less expensive and a good investment that offer new features, like audio texts, personalized knowledge checks and expert videos. Its digital course materials save students up to 60% compared to traditional printed textbooks, the company added. McGraw Hill didnt respond to a requ

39、est for comment, but its CEO David Levin told the Financial Times in August that in higher education, the era of the printed textbook is now over.I) The textbook industry insists the online systems represent a better deal for students. These digital products arent just mechanisms for students to sub

40、mit homework, they offer all kinds of features, David Anderson, the executivedirector of higher education with the Association of American Publishers, told BuzzFeed News. It helps students understand in a way that you cant do with print homework assignments.J) David Hunt, an associate professor in s

41、ociology at Augusta University, which has rolled out digital textbooks across its math and psychology departments, toldBuzzFeed News that he understands the utility of using systems that require access codes. But he doesnt require his students to buy access to a learning program that controls the cl

42、ass assignments. I try to make things as inexpensive as possible, said Hunt, who uses free digital textbooks for his classes but designs his own curriculum. The online systems may make my life a lot easier but I feel like Im giving up control. The discussions are the things where my expertise can be

43、nefit the students most.K) A 20-year-old junior at Georgia Southern Universitytold BuzzFeed News that shenormally spends $ 500-$ 600 on access codes for class. In one case, the professor didnt require students to buy a textbook, just an access code to turn in homework. This year she said she spent $

44、 900 on access codes to books and programs. Thats two months of rent, she said. You cant sell any of it back. With a traditional textbook you can sell it for $ 30 - $ 50 and that helps to pay for your new semesters books. With an access code, youre out of that money. L) Benjamin Wolverton, a 19-year

45、-old student at the University of South Carolina, told BuzzFeed News that its ridiculous that after paying tens of thousands in tuition we have to pay for all these access codes to do our homework. Many of the access codes hes purchased have been required simply to complete homework or quizzes. Ofte

46、n its only 10%of your grade in class.he said. Youre payingso much money for something that hardly affects your grade but if you didnthave it, it would affect your grades enough. It would be bad to start out at aB or C. Wolverton said he spent $ 500 on access codes for digital books and programs this

47、 semester.M) Harper, a poultry ( 家禽 ) science major, is taking chemistryagain this year andhad to buy a new access code to hand in her homework. She rented her economics and statistics textbooks for about $ 20 each. But her access codes for homework, which cant be rented or bought second-hand, were

48、her most expensive purchases: $ 120 and $ 85.N) She still remembers the sting of her first experience skipping an assignment due to the high prices. We dont really have a missed assignment policy, she said. If you miss it, you just miss it. I just got zeros on a couple of firstassignments.I managed

49、to pull everything back up. But as a scared freshman looking at theirgrades, its not fun.36. A students yearly expenses on access codes may amount to their rent for two months.37. The online access codes may be seen as a way to tie the students to the digital system.38. If a student takes a course a

50、gain, they may have to buy a new access code to submit their assignments.39. McGrawHill accounts for over one-fifth of the market share of college textbooks.40. Many traditional textbook publishers are now offering online digital products, which they believe will be the future of the publishing busi

51、ness.41. One student complained that they now had to pay for access codes in addition to the high tuition.42. Digital materials can cost students less than half the price of traditional printed books according to a publisher.43. One student decided not to buy her access code until she received the p

52、ay for her part-time job.44. Online systems may deprive teachers of opportunities to make the best use of their expertise for their students.45. Digital access codes are criticized because they are profit-driven just like the textbook CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is

53、 followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B), C) andD).Youshould decide on the bestchoiceandmark thecorrespondingletter on Answer Sheet2 with asingleline throughthe centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.

54、Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia ( 痴呆症 ) increases with age. But if you have memory slips, you probably neednt worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia a

55、nd age-related memory loss.After age 50, its quite commonto have trouble remembering the names of people, places and things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Womens Hospital in Boston.The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink, especially areas in the brain that

56、are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget

57、 the plot of the movie or dont remember even seeing it, thats far more concerning, Daffner says.Whenyou forget entire experiences, he says, thats a red flag that something more serious may be involved. Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to t

58、he house of a friend youve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.But even then, Daffner says, people shouldnt panic. There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood

59、pressure, or depression, as well as medications （ 药物 ） like antidepressants.You dont have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the best defense against memory loss is to try

60、 to prevent it by building up your brains cognitive （认知的 ） reserve, Daffner says.Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways, he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known b

61、rain booster.does the author say that one neednt be concerned about memory slipsall of them are symptoms of dementia.occur only among certain groups of people.all of them are related to ones age.are quite common among fifty-year-olds.happens as we become aged according to the passage interaction ski

62、lls deteriorate.parts of our brain stop functioning.within our brain weakens.whole brain starts shrinking.memory-related symptom should people take seriouslyforgetting how to do ones daily routines.to recall details of ones life experiences.to remember the names of movies or actors.confusing the add

63、resses of ones friends.should people do when signs of serious memory loss show upthe brains cognitive reserve. medications affecting memory. to a professional for assistance. to improve their well-being.is Dr. Daffners advice for combating memory loss regular physical and mental checkups.medicine that helps boost ones brain. in known memory repair activities.active both physically andTwoPassage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.A letter written by Charles Darwin in 1875 has been returned to the Smithsonian Institution Archives （ 档案馆 ） by the