第01课TheMiddleEasternBazaar教学教案

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1、Lesson oneAims of the Coursena. Vocabularynb. Paraphrasenc. Structurend. Style ne. Rhetoricnf. literature appreciationObjectives of Teaching1.To comprehend and paraphrase the whole text2.To master the vocabulary with the help of word formation: compound3.To appreciate the style and rhetoric of the p

2、assage: 1)simile 2) metaphor and get to know about 1)personification 2)onomatopoeia 3)hyperbole 4)parallelism 5)antithesisnGroup work: Topic for discussion and presentation: n(1) The writer tries to evoke the atmosphere of the bazaar by his choice of language, whats the atmosphere and how does he ev

3、oke it?n(2) Create the similar atmosphere of this bazaar by a debate between two groups to tell the reason why they like or dislike the bazaar. (Use as much as possible the words and expressions from the text )n Lesson OnenPre-reading questions:1. Whats a bazaar? Can you name some other middle easte

4、rn countries with such kind of bazaar?2. Name all the markets in the bazaar, whats the characteristics of the economy there?3. What do you know about the middle eastern countries? Where is it? Can you tell what is happening there now?4. What is Gothic architecture, arts and novel?Detailed study of t

5、he text: imagenimage: picture esp. mental picture/ idea; figurative simile/ metaphornimagery: general name of images.n imagism: principles/ doctrine of image.n imagine: form a picture in mindn imagination n imaginative: having/using imaginationn imaginable: that can be imaginedn imaginary: existing

6、only in mind, unrealDetailed Study of the TextnThe one I am thinking of particularly is entered by a Gothic-arched gateway of aged brick and stone. nHistorical “present” is used here for vividness.nGoth: one of the German tribes nGothic: (1) architecture style characterized by: a. pointed arches (cu

7、rve)n b. arched roofsn c. tall thin pillar (post)n d. stained glass windown (2) novel, arts etc. characterized by: terrible, fierce, strange, gloomy, lonelyn3) arch: a. curved/pointed structure/door/gatewayn b. innocent/playful n4) arch-: chief n5) *image-3*（拱型门）（拱型门）n 2. Translate the following: n

8、1) 建筑师建筑师 2）建筑学）建筑学n 3）天真的笑容）天真的笑容 5）arch-bishop n 4) 共产主义是资本主义的头号公敌。共产主义是资本主义的头号公敌。n 1)architect n 2) architecturen 3) an arch smile n 4)Communism is the arch-enemy of capitalism.n 5)大主教大主教n6) The one I am thinking of particularly is entered by a Gothic-arched gateway of aged brick and stone. Detai

9、led Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Textn3. You pass from the heat and glare of a big, open square into a cool, dark cavern which extends as far as the eye can see,n 1) rhetoric: heat and glare -cool and dark, square-cavernn antithesis n 2) cavern: refer to the inside street of the marketnrhe

10、toric:n metaphorn 3) eye: When used as singular/abstract , it means humans power of seeing / eyesightnParaphrase the following sentences:n(1) She has an eye for beauty. n(2) He has an ear for music. n(3) He has a sharp eye. n(4) The watch caught my eye. Detailed Study of the TextnLittle donkeys with

11、 harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs of people entering and leaving the bazaar.n 1) thread ones way: nmake/break/pick/force ones way through, went in and out, from one side to the othern 2) throng:n large crowd of people/of people busy doing sth. nSee the difference of the

12、 two words:nthrongs: with strong implication of a difficult pushing/ movement n Crowds: with strong implication of densitynWhats the image created by this sentence? nA cool dark market with many people, houses, donkeys. stalls, shops, all kinds of goods etc Advanced or backward atmosphere in this im

13、age?Detailed Study of the TextnThe din of the stall-holders crying their wares, of donkey-boys and porters clearing a way, and of would-be purchasers arguing and bargaining is continuous and makes you dizzy.n din,: image of jumble of loud/discordant/confused soundsnsound: general name of all kinds o

14、f sound/noisennoise: loud unpleasant unexpected undesired soundnrhetoric of the underlined part: parallelismDetailed Study of the Text(paragraph2)npenetrate: nget through/into, spread through This word is well used here, why? creating a vivid image, whats that? muted: noise deadened and absorbednqui

15、et/ silent: soundlessnTranslate: loud/muted colorDetailed Study of the Text(paragraph2)nTranslate the following :n1) earthen: n 2) 出土的陶罐出土的陶罐 n unearthened earthen jarn3) Vault: n. (1) arched roofn (2) underground roomn (3) the vault of the heaven n 苍穹苍穹n4）The earthen floor, beaten hard by countless

16、 feet, deadens the sound of footsteps, and the vaulted mud brick walls and roof have hardly any sound to echo.Detailed Study of the Text(paragraph2)n3. paraphrase: 1) sepulchre: n.n old and bibl. use, a burial place; a tomb, a grave n sepulchral: a.n related to grave, gloomy, dismaln sepulture: n. n

17、 the act of buryingn 2) follow suit: n follow their way of speaking/ do the sameDetailed Study of the Text(paragraph3)n1. paraphrase the following:npeculiarities: characteristicsndisplay: show something to get advantage / to strike the eyen exhibit: show something to attract attention? inspectioneg.

18、 (1) The peacock _its fine feathers. n (2) Some newly rich people are fond of vulgar _. n(3) the _ of pictures was criticized because the best paintings were not well _. n1)displayed (2)disaplay (3)exhibition displayedDetailed Study of the Text(paragraph3)n3) Bargaining is the order of the day: nBar

19、gaining is the normal way of doing things.n4) veiled women: na woman with her face covered (Moslem women have to wear veils to go out. )nIs this veil the symbol of protect? Respect? Prejudice? ntranslate: 1) 问价问价 2）杀价）杀价n1)price n2)beat the price down Detailed Study of the Text(paragraph4)nTell the

20、difference between the following and paraphrase them: n1) What does she really like?n2) What it is she really likes? n(for emphasis) n3) make a point of: nthink it necessaryDetailed Study of the Text(paragraph4)nTranslate: (1) 我真不知道到底是什么事让他如此生我真不知道到底是什么事让他如此生气。气。n I really dont know what it is that

21、has made him so angry.n (2) The seller, on the other hand, makes a point of protesting that the price he is chanrging is depriving him of all profit, and that he is sacrificing this because of his personal regard for the customer. n deprive of : n take away fromn (3) 教师们认为应该对学生严格要求。教师们认为应该对学生严格要求。n

22、The teachers make a point of being strict with the students.Detailed Study of the Text(paragraph5)n1. picturesque:n as strikingly expressive and impressive or vivid as picturesn2. a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear. nimpinge on/upon/against: nstrike or collideneg. The

23、door was banged open/closed! nThe rhetoric of the underlined parts:nonomatopoeiaDetailed Study of the Text(paragraph5)n3. It grows louder and more distinct, until you round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes, nTell the difference between clear and distinct:n1) clear: It implies being ea

24、sily perceptive to the eye or ear 理解，领悟，理解，领悟， 看透看透n2) distinct：easily distinguished from other soundsnTranslate the following:n1) distinction: n. 2) distinctive: adj. n3) distinguish: vt. 4)distinguish oneself:n5)distinguishable: adj. 6)distinguished: adj. n2)charateristic, peculiar 3)tell the diff

25、erence from 4)make peculiar/ characteristic5)that can be told the difference 6)famousDetailed Study of the Text(paragraph5)n4. fairyland:nfair: adj. just; fine; blond; beautiful; nfairy: n &adj. small imaginary thing with super power nrhetoric of “fairyland of dancing flashes”nmetaphorntranslate: 1)

26、小仙女（的），小仙女（的）， 2) 神（童）神（童）话，话， 3) 仙境。仙境。n1) fairyn2) fairy talen3) fairylandDetailed Study of the Text(paragraph5)n5. incredibly: unbelievablyncredit: trust/ confidence ntranslate: 1) 信用证信用证/卡卡 2）可信度）可信度 3）可信）可信/可靠的可靠的 4）可信）可信/可称赞的可称赞的5）易信）易信/轻信的轻信的 6）债主）债主/债权人债权人, n1) letter of credit/credit cardn2

27、)credibilityn3)crediblen4)creditablen5)credulousn6)creditor 7)不可靠的不可靠的Detailed Study of the Text(paragraph5)n5. hammering away: “away” here means :n“constantly/ continuously Translate: 1） 继续工作继续工作n work away.n2）笑个不停）笑个不停n laugh awayDetailed Study of the Text(paragraph5)nTranslate: nIn the background

28、, a tiny apprentice blows a big charcoal fire with a huge leather bellows worked by a string attached to his big toethe red of the live coals glowing bright and then dimming rhythmically to the strokes of the bellows.n1) huge: suggest immenseness of bulk, more specific than “large”, can describe a p

29、ersons capacity nlarge: suggests big size with much spacenvast: suggests greatness to extent, can be figuratively usedDetailed Study of the Text(paragraph5)nFill in the following blanks with “huge” and “vast”:n(1) _ mass of earth n(2) _ leather bellowsn(3) He is a _ eater. n(4) a _ expance of the sk

30、y (5) China is a populous country with a _ territory. n(6) He showed _ knowledge /interest on this topic. hugehugehugevastvastvastDetailed Study of the Text(paragraph5)n 2) rhythmicallynrhythm: It is made up of stressed and unstressed syllablesnrhyme: It is made up of same sounds at the end of the l

31、ines.nTo: along with, accompanied by, as an accompaniment for nstrokes: repeated striking. Movement/pulling and pushingntranslate: sunstroke n中暑中暑Detailed Study of the Text(paragraph5)n3）Paraphrase “live coals”: n burning and glowing coalsn Tell the rhetoric in “live coals”: n metaphornTranslate the

32、 following with “live”n燃烧着的火花燃烧着的火花 n live sparkn活火山活火山 n live volcanon热点话题热点话题 n a live issue/topicn实况转播实况转播 n a live broadcastDetailed Study of the Text(paragraph6)n1. kitchenware: nincluding bowls, dishes, spoon etc.neg. 1) hardwaren 2)stall-holders crying their wares (the first paragraph)n2. fun

33、ctional: ndesigned to serve practical purposesnits opposite: nornamental, decoratedDetailed Study of the Text(paragraph7)n1.profusion: plenty, great or too great amountn2. Tell the difference between “varied” and “different”: ndifferent:n not the samenVaried: nmore than different, full of change, ha

34、ving numerous kinds/types n3. textures: arrangement of threads nTranslate:n 1) 这张纸币不是真的！你根本摸不出它的纹路。这张纸币不是真的！你根本摸不出它的纹路。n This bill is not real! You can not feel its texture at all.n 2）这是一块质地稀疏）这是一块质地稀疏/细密的布。细密的布。nThis is the cloth with a loose/close texture.Detailed Study of the Text(paragraph7)n4.

35、pungent and exotic smells: sharp/ strong and strikingly unusual good smellsnSee the difference of the following two:n strange: out of the ordinaryn exotic: not only strange, but also strikingly/excitingly/ unusual and pleasingn5. paraphrase the sentence: nthe carpenters market lie elsewhere in the m

36、aze of vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar.n.all these vaulted streets go in all directions making the markets look like a maze, and all these markets make the bazaar look like a honeycombnTell the rhetoric in the underlined parts:nmetaphor Detailed Study of the Text(paragraph7)n. 6. paraphr

37、ase : na doorway gives a glimpse of a sunlit courtyard, nglimpse: na very quick looknSee the difference of the two:n1)sunlit:n2)bright:n 1)brightness from sunshinen 2)not darkn (The market is so dark, but now and then) you can see a line of sunshine in the courtyard through the doors n Tell the rhet

38、oric in the sentence: n metaphorDetailed Study of the Text(paragraph8)n1.Translate: nIt is a vast, sombre cavern of a room, some thirty feet high and sixty feet square, and so thick with the dust of centuries that the mud brick walls and vaulted roof are only dimly visible.nsombre: dark-coloured, gl

39、oomy, dismal, solemn, very serious atmospherenEg. When sb. dies, there is a sombre mood.nShe was dressed in sombre black for the funeral.n 2. Tell the rhetoric of the underlined parts: n metaphorDetailed Study of the Text(paragraph8)n. Translate and pay attention to the similar rhetoric devices in t

40、he following: n1) 流光飞舞的仙境流光飞舞的仙境 2)一片红旗的海洋一片红旗的海洋 n3)地狱般的工产地狱般的工产 4)地毯般的青草地地毯般的青草地 n5)一股晶莹透亮，洪水般流出的亚麻子油一股晶莹透亮，洪水般流出的亚麻子油n n1)a fairyland of dancing flashesn 2)a sea of red flagsn3)a hell of a factoryn 4)a carpet of grasslandn5)a flood of glistening linseed oiln 2）Whats the common point for such kind

41、 of metaphor?n They all can be translated as :n 般的般的, and show a vivid picture.Detailed Study of the Text(paragraph8)n2. See the difference of the two:n1)great: 2)massive:nDifference of the above two: n1)very very bign 2)not only big, or even great, but also heavy and impressiven3. a blind-folded ca

42、mel, which walks constantly in a circle, n 1) blind-folded: with eyes covered (do you know why?)nSee the difference of the two:n 1)constantly: n 2)endlessly: 1)continuously with steadiness/ firmness/ devotionn2)continuously with weariness/ tediousness/ monotonyDetailed Study of the Text(paragraph8)n

43、4.and in superb condition-muscular, massive and stately.n1)superb:n of very high quality, excellent n2) super- (1) 超级，超级， 超超 ，如；超高速的，如；超高速的:n super-speed n （2）上，）上， 上面上面 ，如；上层结构，如；上层结构n super-structure， 监视监视/监考监考n supervise n（3）过度，过多过热）过度，过多过热, 如；过度冷却如；过度冷却n super-cooln3) supra- 超超，上，上，如；超阶级的，如；超阶级的

44、n supra-classn4) sur- 超超， 外外.， 上，如；超现实主义上，如；超现实主义n surrealismn5) muscular : a. (full of muscles) n b. strong with great physical strength n Do you know its root/stem? n muscleDetailed Study of the Text(paragraph9)n1.Translate: nThe pressing of the linseed pulp to extract the oil is done by a vast ra

45、mshackle apparatus of beams and ropes and pulleys which towers to the vaulted ceiling and dwarfs the camels and their stone wheels.nramshackle: shaky, unsteady, likely to fall and break into piecesnapparatus: tools/ instrumentsn“towers and dwarfs” are very vividly used here, can you tell what kind o

46、f image the two words created here?ntower: v. reach as high as a towerndwarf: n. a very short personn vt. make look very small and short n 4) Tell the rhetoric here: nantithesis (which adds the color to the image)Detailed Study of the Text(paragraph9)n2. Which word should be stressed in these two se

47、ntences? Why?nThe machine is operated by a man. nWhy? nIts operated by a man, not by an animal.n The machine is operated by one man.nWhy? n Whats the image created here: nSuch huge apparatus is operated by only one man!Detailed Study of the Text(paragraph9)nParaphrase: nThe machine is operated by on

48、e man, who shovels the linseed pulp into a stone vat, climbs up nimbly to a dizzy height to fasten ropes, and then throws his weight on to a great beam made out of a tree trunk to set the ropes and pulleys in motion.nnimbly: quickly and lightly (as a monkey)ndizzy: mentally confused feeling, as if e

49、verything is turning roundnWhats the rhetoric and the image created by this rhetoric?n parallelismDetailed Study of the Text(paragraph9)nParaphrase of the sentence in last slide:n The apparatus is managed by only one man, he put the crushed linseed into a stone tank, then climbs up as quickly and li

50、ghtly as a monkey, he climbs so high that you may feel everything is turning round in your mind there. Finally he put all his strength to press down the tree trunk to make the whole apparatus working.Detailed Study of the Text(paragraph9)nWhats the rhetoric in the following words?ncreak, groan, sque

51、aking, rumbling, grunts: nonomatopoeia na used petrol cannSee the difference of “used and old”:nused: nsecond-hand, not necessarily old, only no longer new, Detailed Study of the Text(paragraph9)nTranslate this sentence:n Quickly the trickle becomes a flood of glistening linseed oil as the beam sink

52、s earthwards, taut and protesting, its creaks blending with the squeaking and rumbling of the grinding wheels and the occasional grunts and signs of the camels.nLets think whats the image here: nLife is light and cheap! And life is heavy and expensive too! 一份沉重一份沉重,一份凝重凸显生命中不可承受之轻！一份凝重凸显生命中不可承受之轻！De

53、tailed Study of the Text(paragraph9)nglisten: nshine brightly, sparkle ( of wet, polished surface, tear-filled eyes)nglitter: nshine brightly, suggests: costly, showynflash: nsudden and short outburst of flames and light, can be used figurativelynglow: nsend out brightness or warmth without flameDet

54、ailed Study of the Text(paragraph9)nFill in the blanks with the proper forms of glisten, glitter, flash, glow:n1. _ dew-dropsn2. Our eyes _ with tears. n3. All is not gold that _. n4. a _ of lighteningn5. a _ of fireworksn6. a _ wit / hope / inspiration n7. The metal _ in the furnace. n8. Colored li

55、ghts _ on the festival night. glisteningare glisteningglitters flashflash flashglowedglowedDetailed Study of the Text：compoundnWhat kind of words are the following:nearthwards, gateway, courtyard.nKnowledge about the word formation:nCompound: nA new word is formed by the combination of two words.n S

56、ee page 8 / IV and summarize the rules and give more examples.n名词名词+名词名词:（此法构成的单词数目最大）（此法构成的单词数目最大）seaside, snowballn名词名词+动词动词:baby-sit daybreak n动词动词+名词名词:breakdownn形容词形容词+名词名词: greenhousen副词副词+动词动词: output outbreakn动词动词+副词副词: buildup Knowledge about rhetoric: nKnowledge about rhetoric: nRhetorical

57、 devices are made to mean other than what they would normally imply, and therefore involve deviation from the ordinary and literal meaning of words, they are ways to make our language figurative, more meaningful, more colorful.n We are speaking or writing figuratively when we use words in non-litera

58、l senses to lend force to an idea, to heighten effect, or to create atmosphere. Compare the following sentences in effect:Knowledge about rhetoric:nThe stars twinkle like diamonds.nThe stars shine brightly.nImperialism is a paper tiger.nImperialism appears to be strong but inwardly it is weak.n那个女人喜

59、欢化点淡妆。那个女人喜欢化点淡妆。n那个女子淡淡妆，天然样。那个女子淡淡妆，天然样。n Which is more vivid and colorful? Which is more suggestive of outward ferocity and inner weakness? Which is more emotional? Knowledge about rhetoric:nThe figures/rhetoric can help not only in deepening our understanding of what we read, but also in appreci

60、ating more fully the writers view and style. We might even learn to write better. In fact, effective writing of any kind is seldom without a figure or two.n I. What is a metaphor? And what is a simile? Knowledge about rhetoric:nA metaphor, makes a comparison between two unlike things, but with a poi

61、nt of resemblance. This comparison is implied rather than stated. It requires greater ability of the reader to perceive the hidden association, the insight into persons, things or ideas. nFor instance, n“Money is a lens in a camera”.n What is the implied association, the common quality, the point of

62、 resemblance?Knowledge about rhetoric:nOur knowledge of photography tells us that a lens in a camera can reflect and record images of persons or things sharply and objectively. This leads us to the thought that money or the greed for money can also cause people to reveal their true feelings or chara

63、cters.n So the common quality between the two is that:n both money and a lens can show up people as truthfully and objectively.Knowledge about rhetoric:nA simile also makes a comparison between the two unlike elements having at least one quality or character on common. The comparison is imaginative,

64、 that is, the resemblance between the two unlike things exists only in our minds, in our inward eye and in the nature of the things themselves. Sometimes the association is between unfamiliar things, or between abstract and concrete images. The stronger the association that is felt, the greater the

65、force of the comparison, the stronger the power of suggestion and the sharper the image produced.n 3. Whats the difference between a simile and a metaphor?Knowledge about rhetoric:nsimile: nThe comparison is indicated/ showed by: like; as; asas; as if; as though; (just) asso.nmetaphor: nThe comparis

66、on is implied. Knowledge about rhetoric:nV. Rhetorical devices employed in the text:1. What are they?n-dwarf-towern- tiny apprentice-huge bellowsn- heat-cool;n- glare-darkn- sumptuous dinner-humble meal 55nantithesis:Knowledge about rhetoric:n What are they? ntingling, clashing, bangingnThe hinge of the door needs oiling, it creaks every time it is opened.nthe squeak of a mousenThe thunder / the big guns rumbled in the distance.nThe roof creaked and groaned under the weight of the snow. 56nOnoma