20140226阅读写作替换词汇

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1、阅读/写作替换词汇（以下替换词汇，参考牛津、朗文词典总结、归纳）100余组普通词汇与高级词汇（写作、阅读使用）的对接原词（普通词汇）中文含义替换词汇（高级词汇）as soon as（均是连词）就 刚就onceon/upon doing sth (相当于连词的作用) had no sooner donetha n didhad barely donewhe n/before didhad hardly donewhe n/before didhad scarcely donewhe n/before didthe mome nt(that) the in sta nt (that) the mi

2、nute (that) in sta ntly directly immediately (that)although（although 不倒装）（均是连词）虽然尽管though （可部分倒装，也可不倒装） as （必须部分倒装）Much as - Although （用于句首）while （常用于句首） when （多用于句中）si nee（均是连词）既然as long as so long as now now thatwhen (多用于句中)see ing thatseeing as (识别即可，少用)but（均是连词）然而可是但是however （这个含义的 however :非连词）

3、 yet （可以是连词，可以是副词，句中） though （句中）although （句中）while （句中，常指两个主语的对比） whereas （用以比较两个事实）because（均是连词）因为in thatsi neeasfor (连词时，仅在句中+主语+动词)for the reas on thatif（均是连词）（if还有“是否”含义）如果 假如 假设assu ming (that) on (the) con diti on that suppose (that) suppos ing (that) provided (that) providi ng (that)cause引起

4、导致 造成create （引起/导致/产生；创造/创作/创建） bring about （引起/导致/造成）bring on （引起/导致/惹来，使提咼/使进步） result in （导致/造成）lead （up） to （引起/导致/造成/是的先导） con tribute to （促使/造成某事发生）give rise to （正式：引起/导致（尤指坏事） produce （引起/导致/产生，制作/创作/生产）make sure（其后引导的that从句常用一般时态）确保保证务使ensure （确保/保证）in sure （确保/保证；给上保险/为投保）see to it that （确保

5、 /务使）make certain （that）（确保；核实某事/把弄清楚）make up组成 形成 构成compose （构成；作（曲）/写/构图/）form （建立/组成/构成/形成，成为的一部分） constitute （组成/构成；成立/设立；被视为/算作）be made up of由组成由构成be composed of （由组成）be formed fromcon sist ofto do（to do位于句首/句中， 均可尝试译为： 为了做/以便于做， 目的在于做）去做in order to do （为了 /以便做） so as to do （为了 /以便做） for the pu

6、rpose of doing （目的在于做） aim to do=be aimed at doing （力争/旨在/目的在于做）hope to do希望做be expected to do have hopes of doingwant to do想要做would like/love to doshould like/love to do desire to do （渴望/期望做） be willing to do （乐意/愿意做） intend to do （计划/打算/想要做）want to learn sth想要学have a strong desire for kno wledge o

7、f sth have a strong appetite for kno wledge of sthtry to do努力去做 尝试去做（make） an attempt to do go all out to do （竭尽全力做） spare no effort to do （不遗余力做）decide to do决定做决心做make a decisi on to domake up one s mi nd to do常用） set up one s mind on （doing） be determ ined to do （常用） determ ine to docan do能 能够有能力做

8、be able to dohave the ability to do be capable of doingcan t do不能做be un able to dohave problems/trouble/difficulty in doing fail to do （不能做/没有做）can t help doing（can htelp to do 的含义是：不能帮助做）禁不住做 情不自禁做can t but docan t help but docan t choose but do（have no choice but to do 不得不做 /只好做）tend to do易于做 倾向于做

9、have a tendency to do be liable to do （可能/易于做） be likely to do （可能做）be used to do（be 可换成 get/become）习惯于做be accustomed to do become/grow/get accustomed to do be give n to do （少用）should do应该 应当ought to dobe supposed to dobe to do （将要做/必须做/应该做）be surprised at/to do惊讶于/做be amazed at/to do （大为惊奇/惊诧的）be a

10、stonished at/to do （感到十分惊讶的/吃惊） be shocked at/to do （惊讶的 /震惊的）be shaken at/to do （受到震动的/震惊的）be afraid of （do ing） sth be afraid to do sth害怕（做）fear to do sthbe fearful of （do ing） sth be scared of （do ing） sth be frighte ned of sth be frighte ned to do sthhate讨厌 不喜欢dislikebe tired of （讨厌/厌烦）lose inte

11、rest in （失去兴趣）care nothing for （对毫不关心/介意/在乎） be disappointed with/at/about （对失望 /沮丧的）like喜欢loveenjoyprefer （更喜欢，宁可 /宁愿）be into （喜欢某事物/对某事物感兴趣）be fond of （喜欢/爱好）be keen on （热衷于/喜欢）be fascinated with （被迷住/吸引住/极感兴趣）sb be in terested in sthsb对sth感兴趣sth appeal to sbshow great in terest in take an in tere

12、st i n be fascinated by （对极感兴趣/被吸引） be en thusiastic aboutbe into （口，喜欢某事物/对某事物感兴趣）be crazy about对疯狂 对着迷be mad about/for/ on sb/sth （特别喜欢 /迷恋） be addicted to （对痴迷/沉迷/上瘾） be absorbed in （专心致志/被完全吸引）get better变得更好improveboost （促进/推动/使兴旺） en ha nee （提高/改进/增强） look upin crease增加 增大 提高be on the in crease

13、 （in sth）be in creas inggo up （上升，增加，提高） grow （增多/增大/增强/增长） rise （增加/增长，上升） climb （升高，攀升） gain （增加（体重、速度、高度或价值） expand （使扩大/增加，扩展（业务） mou nt （渐渐增加，增长） build up （使逐渐增加，扩大） pick up （情况）改进/提高/好转）help帮助 援助assist aidhelp sb帮助某人give/le nd sb a hand do sb a favourlive happily过着（快乐）的生 活live/lead/have a happ

14、y lifemaster精通/掌握have a good/excelle nt/poor comma nd ofoverlook忽视 不理会ignore （不顾/忽视/不理，对置之不理） neglect （疏忽/疏于照料，忽视/忽略） lose sight of （再也看不见，忽略/忘记） turn a blind eye to （对视右无睹/装作看不见）happen（没有被动式）发生occur,take place （另有举行/进行”的含义）come aboutgo ahead （另 可以/干吧/着手/开始做 的含义）go onreach到达 抵达arrive atarrive in（ +城

15、市以上的 大地点 ）get tocome in （识别即可，少用）solve解决 处理handle （处理/应付/对待；触/摸/碰摩；驾驶/运送） settle （解决/结束；确定/决定；移居；平静） address （与姓名地址；着手解决/处理；向讲话） resolve （解决；下决心/决意做某事）deal with （对付/应付/处理；涉及/论及/探讨） cope with （成功地对付/应付/处理）see to （办理/料理/处理；照料/照管）con sider 考虑take into con siderati ongive con siderati on totake into acc

16、o unttake acco unt ofgive thought/considerationgive thought/consid eration toexpla in解释/说明 是的原因acco unt forbe responsible for （还有：为负责）remember记住 记得keep. in mindbear in mi ndkeep in mi nd thatbear in mind thatshow展示 显示 表明indicate （显示/表明，指示/指出；代表/标志着） suggest （显示/表明；建议/提议；推存；暗示） reflect （显示/反映；反射；仔细思考

17、/表达） describe （描述/描写；叙述/形容）know知道be aware ofbecome aware of （知道 /意识至U） have a （good/full） kno wledge ofreplace（动词）代替取代take the place oftake sb s/sth s place give way to（被取代）be being builtbe being repaired正在修建中正在修理中be un der con struct ionbe un der repairbe under review （在审查中）be un der in vestigati o

18、n （在调查中）be under way （已经开始，出发/开始上路）be under consideration （在考虑中）be under attack （受到袭击）be under discussion （在讨论中）visit参观 看望 拜访pay a visit to drop by call in on sb call in at spuse使用 利用make （good/full） use of take （full） adva ntage of put sth to （good） useprove（均不用被动式）结果是 原来是 证明是prove to be turn out t

19、urn out to behurry home/there匆忙回家/去那里go home/there in a hurry go home/there hurriedlyatte nd sth参加 参与take part intake an active part in （积极参加） join inparticipate inface sth（主动地）面对面临confront （主动地面对/正视） be faced/ confron ted with sth（被动地面对/面临）apologize to sb for doing sth向sb因为sth而道歉make an apology to

20、sb for doinghit an idea想出一个主意think of an idea come up with an ideadate from（不用进行时）（不用被动式）追溯到 始于 自至今date back to go back to trace back todepe nd on/ upon（不用被动式）（一般不用进行时）指望依靠依赖count on/up on rely on/up on rest on/upon be depe ndent on/upon look toseeas 把看作把当作把视为view asregard -aslook on/uponasthink ofa

21、spay atte nti on to注意到devote much attention to （在上投入很多精力） attach importance/significance to （重视） put/lay stress on （强调的重要性） give/add weight to （增加的重要性 /影响力） put/ place emphasis on （重视）be busy with忙于做be busy in doingbe occupied with doingbury on eself in doing （埋头做）be up to （正在做，秘密或不该做的事）lie in在于位于be

22、 located in be situated in con sist infail sb使失望/辜负let sb dow nbe lin ked with与有关联 与有联系be in volved withbe related tobe connected with/to （尽量用 with 这个结构）be tired （out）疲劳 筋疲力尽be worn outbe exhaustedbe all insometimes有时 有时候 不时 时时 时而 偶尔 间或at timesfrom time to time（every） now and aga in （every） now and

23、the n （every） once in a while every so ofte n occasi on ally on occasi on（s）so（既是连词又是副词）（右侧的都只是副词）因此 所以thereforethusaccord inglyas a result con seque ntly as a consequence in consequencebesides而且 加之 再者 此外also apart from aside from in additi on additi on ally further furthermore moreover what s more

24、as well at that any wayall the same（都是副词结构）然而/不过 但是 尽管如此 虽然如此just the same any way n evertheless non etheless none the lesscompletely十分完全彻底（地）thoroughly en tirely wholly totally absolutely perfectly fully utterly to the full/fullest （充分/十足/全面/达到最大程度）sudde nly突然忽然出其不意地 意想不到地un expectedly sharp（ly） ab

25、ruptly all at once（all） of a sudden （经常出现）obviously显然明显地 显而易见地 毫无疑问appare ntly clearly no ticeably plai nly without any doubtobvious明显的 明白的 清楚的 显而易见的plain clear appare nt no ticeableusually通常 惯常more ofte n tha n notas ofte n as notcom monlyfrequently （经常地/频繁地）gen erally （通常/ 一般情况下，大致/普遍地）in gen eral

26、always一直 总是all the timeforever （永远，长久地）in variably （总是/始终不变地） constantly （持续不断地） consistently （贯 /一直）quickly迅速地rapidly swiftlyfin ally最后 最终 终于 到底eve ntually ultimately in the end at lastgradually逐渐地 渐渐地little by littlebit by bitby degreesstep by step （一步一步地）about大约approximately roughly or somore or

27、lessa matter ofround about around about roun d/aro und some somethi ng like（someth ing） in the n eighborhood of（somewhere） in the regi on ofabout,on （比较正式）关于 有关as for as to with regard to in regard to with respect to regard ing respect ing in volvi ng concerninga little有点 稍微a bitslightly （略微廂微） some

28、what （有点儿/有几分）now现在目前no wadaysfor the present （暂时 /暂且）at present （现在/目前）at this timefor the time beingcurrently （现时/当前）presently （现在/ 目前/此刻，马上/不久）via经过/经由by way of by mea ns ofbecause of（非连词）因为 由于on account of as a result of as a con seque nee of in con seque nee of by reas on of owi ng to due to th

29、a nks toso far到现在为止till now（常与现完连用）到目前为止by nowup to nowthus farto date （这两个所见不多）not to say更不用说 更何况更谈不上 且不说eve n lessmuch lessstill lesslet alonenot to men ti on sth to say nothing of sthin stead of代替/相反in place of（非动词）而不是rather tha nin fact实际上 事实上actually in actual fact as a matter of fact effective

30、ly in effect in n ature in reality in practicein con trast对比而言by con traston the con traryon the other hand （两方面中的 在另一方面）con verselycompared to/with与相比in comparis on with in comparis on to by comparison with by comparis on toby accide nt碰巧 偶然 意外地 故意地 蓄意、地by chanee on purpose purposely deliberately （

31、常考） inten ti on ally accide ntallymoved感动的touched affectedclever聪明的smartbrightbrilliant （聪颖的/才华横溢的，优秀/杰出的）intelligent （有智慧的/聪明的/悟性强的）problem问题 难题trouble （麻烦/问题/困难）headache （难题/使人头痛的事/棘手的事/头痛） it a case of sth情况/问题是issue （议题/争论的冋题（尤指社会或政治方面） crisis （危机/紧要关头/冋难时刻）goal的标 目目aim （目的/目标/意图）purpose （目的/意图；

32、计划；决心/毅力） object （目的/目标/宗旨，物体/实物）man（没有复数）人类huma n being huma n race huma nity mankindway方式 方法 办法manner (of (do ing) sth)means (to do, of doing, of/for/to + 名词) method (of/for doing sth)approach ( to doing sth)sb sudde nly thought that某人突然想起It came to sb thatIt occurred to sb thatIt hit sb thatIt st

33、ruck sb thatIt crossed sb s mind thatvery非常 极其really extremely terribly awfully horriblyoverly (太 /非常 /极为)fairly rather quite so most more tha n not a little more than a littlein my opi nion（作文常用短语）依我看以我之见in my viewas I see it = the way I see itin/to my mi nd in/to my eyesfrom my point of viewfrom m

34、y viewpoi ntfrom the viewpo int of meas/so far as I am concerned as/so far as I am aware就我而言就b我看来many（与可数名词连用）许多很多a good/great many a big/large/great nu mber of many a/anmore tha n a/a n/one a large qua ntity of large qua ntities of a mass of masses of a lot of lots of ple nty ofmuch（与不可数名词连用）许多很多a

35、lot oflots ofa large qua ntity of large qua ntities of a mass of masses of an amount of amounts ofa big/great great deal of plenty of (丰富/充足/众多/大量)enough足够的充分的充足的adequate（足够的/充分的/合乎需要的；尚可的）sufficient （正式：足够的/充足的）abundant （充裕的/丰富的）plentiful （文：大量的/丰富的/充足的）kinds of种种各种各样的sorts ofa (wide) variety ofvar

36、iousa wide range ofmore and more stude nts越来越多的学生grow in g/in creas ing stude ntsan in creas in g/grow ing nu mber of stude ntsmore and more beautiful越来越漂亮in creas in gly beautifula lot of homework许多作业lots of homework/assig nment en dless homework/assig nment coun tless homework/assig nmenthappy快乐的高

37、兴的幸福的cheerfuldelightedin/with delight (可以是副词结构，下冋) excitedin exciteme nt pleased with pleasure satisfiedin/with satisfact ionjoyful(ly) for/with joynot()at all一点也不not( )in the slightest not ( )in the least not()a bit far fromno where n ear =not any where n ear(远非/绝不是，加形容词/副词)n ever决不 毫不 绝对不 一点也不 根本没

38、有on no acco unt not on any acco unt by no means not by any means not by any (ma nner of) means of on/ un der no con diti on in no way at no time not at all not for a/one minute/moment not a/ one bit not one (little) bit not in the least not in the slightest not the least( bit) n ever ever never once

39、 not once not everin a word总（而言）之 简（而）言之 简单地说 概括地说 一言以蔽之 用一句话概括in shortin brief briefly in sumin summaryto sum upto summarizein a nu tshellto put it in a nutshell ( put 说 /表达) put simply all in allaltogetherin other words换句话说 也就是说 换言之 即that isthat is to sayto put it another way (put 说 /表达) n amelygo

40、od好的outstanding （杰出的/优秀的/出色的）distinguished （卓越的/杰出的，气度不凡的） excellent （卓越的/极好的）splendid （壮丽的/华丽的/辉煌的/灿烂的，极好的） superb （极好的/出色的/卓越的）soon立即立刻马上in no time (at all) in next to no time in less tha n no time before long by and by in the n ear future in the immediate future in the not too dista nt future (ju

41、st) aroun d/ro und the corner be coming up immediately in sta ntly mome ntarily directly prese ntly promptly shortly right right away right off right now quickly very quickly very soon at once this mi nute straightaway straight away straight off without delay (毫不推迟/马上) without hesitation(毫不犹豫 /立刻)(a

42、t) any minu te/ mome nt (now) any time (now) now in a mome nt/mi nuterewardi ng值得的有益的 有意义的worthworthwhile （重要的/有益的/值得做的） worth one s w（值得花时间/钱）helpful有帮助的 有用的beneficial （有利的/有帮助的/有用的） rewarding （值得做的/有益的/有意义的） usefulof （great） helphard困难的 艰苦的（very） difficulttough （难办的/棘手的/费力的） confusing （令人困惑的/模糊不清的

43、/难懂的） puzzling （令人迷惑的/令人费解的） challenging （富于挑战性的/困难而有趣的）complex复杂的难懂的/难解的complicated in volvedimporta nt重要的vital （极其重要的/必不可少的）essential （极其重要的/必不可少的，最基本的） critical （紧要的/关键性的，至关重要的/严重的） crucial （至关重要的/关键性的）significant （尤对将来）重要的/重大的/影响深远的 prominent （重要的/者名的/卓越的/杰出的）in flue ntial（有影响力的）necessary （必要的/重要的/必不可少的） leading （最好的/最重要的/最成功的） big （大的，重大的/重要的） key （至关重要的/必不可少的/关键的） chief （最重要的/主要的，最咼级的/首席的） major （重大的/重要的/严重的）of （great） importa neeof （great/grow ing） sig ni fica nee