必修一英语Unit2知识点详解

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上 Unit2 （一）词汇1. commandn. & vt. 命令；指令；掌握The officer commanded his soldiers to fire. 那名军官命令士兵们开火。A general is a man who commands a large number of soldiers.将军是统率众多士兵的人。常用结构：at/ by sbs command 听某人支配 take command of 控制in command of 指挥着 under ones command 由某人的指挥under the command of sb. 在某人的指

2、挥下 command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事command (=order) that . 命令（从句用虚拟语气，即should+ do 形式，should可省略）联想拓展commander n. 指挥官 2. requestvt.&n. 请求；恳求；要求常用结构：request sb. to do sth.请求某人做某事request sth. from/of sb. 向某人要求某物request that sb. (should) do sth.要求某人做某事make a request/requests 发出请求at the request of sb.at sb.

3、s request依照某人的请求易混辨析 request/demand/requirerequest表示“有礼貌的请求；正式的请求”。demand表示“有正当权利的要求”，因此含有“坚决或强烈要求”的意思。require表示“要求所必须的东西；法律、协定、规章以及其他客观情况的要求”。但它们也有不同之处：Page No.47require和request都可以接宾语+to do sth.结构，而demand没有此种用法。但可以说demand of sb. to do sth.require+动名词时，主动形式的动名词具有被动意义，而demand，request无此种用法。They are de

4、manding higher wages. 他们要求提高工资。 Do you require anything else? 你还要求（需要）别的吗？ Many people have requested this next song.许多人要求听下面这首歌。They required me to keep silent. 他们要求我保持沉默。The letter requested us to leave the house within six weeks. 这封信要求我们六周内搬出这所房子。温馨提示以上三个词的共同点是：从语法上看，request和demand，require都可以接tha

5、t引导的宾语从句，并且在从句中要使用虚拟语气。 3. recognizevt. 辨认出；承认；公认常用结构：recognize sb. 认出某人recognize ones voice听出某人的声音recognize . as . 认定；承认为recognize sb./sth. . to be .认为某人/某事物是recognize that .承认When he walked out of the station, I recognized him immediately. 当他从车站里走出来时，我立刻认出了他。Everyone recognized him to be the lawfu

6、l heir/as the lawful heir. 大家都承认他为合法继承人。4. directionn. C 方向；方面;U指导；指挥常用结构：in the direction of 朝的方向(=towards)in sbs direction 朝某人的方向(=towards sb.)under ones direction 在指导下(=under the direction of sb.)Tom went off in one direction and Jack in another. 汤姆往一个方向走，杰克往另外一个方向走。Reforms are needed in many dir

7、ections. 许多方面都需要改革。He is walking in the direction of the police station. 他正朝警察局的方向走去。He glanced in her direction and their eyes met.他朝她这个方向一看，俩人的眼睛相遇了。The singing group is under the direction of Mr Lee. 合唱团由李先生指挥。温馨提示direction意为“指示；指引；用法说明”等，通常要用复数形式。注意：表示邮件上的“姓名地址”时，也用复数形式。Follow the directions on

8、the medicine bottle.请按药瓶上的说明服药。 变式训练：1. The price i_dinner, beds and breakfast.2. Monitors play an important r_ in managing a class.3. He n_ knocked me down before he saw me.4You should look clearly the p_ situation5. The mountains are not high on world s_.6. Geography also play a part in making d_.

9、7. He changed so much that I didnt r_ him at first .8. Nobody dared to go against his c_that everyone should leave until 8 oclock.9. The professor can speak as many as five foreign l_.10. A_ and vocabulary are important for people to understand or to be understood.11. The hospital is three b_ from h

10、ere .You may go there by bike or on foot.12. As you know, the UN plays an important role in i_ relations.13. In America a flat is called an a_ .14. Banana is n_ to Taiwan.15. Do you know the u_ of this word?（二）短语5. more than one意为“不止一个”，虽然在意义上表示复数，但作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词用单数，与many a(许多)用法一样；如果more修饰复数可数名词再跟t

11、han one作主语时，其谓语动词则要用复数。More than one member has protested against the proposal. 不止一个成员反对这个建议。More than one person has been concerned in this.这里面涉及的不仅是一个人。More persons than one have been involved.涉及的不仅仅是一个人。联想拓展“more than+ adj.”意为“很；非常”。在“more . than .”中，肯定“more”后面的，而否定“than”后面的，意为“是而不是”或者“与其不如”。“mor

12、e than . can/could”是英语里的一个常见结构，可把more than理解为not,表示否定，该结构意为“非所能；是所不能；不是所能”。more often than not 经常；往往In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments. 做科学实验时，对待仪器必须非常小心才行。If you tell your father what you have done, he will be more than a little angry. 如果你把所做的事情告诉你父亲

13、，他会非常生气的。Catherine is more diligent than intelligent.与其说凯瑟琳聪明，不如说她勤奋。 6. because of 因为；由于是介词短语，后跟名词、代词或动名词及what从句。She got hurt because of what youd said.她因为你的话而受到伤害。due to 意为“由于”常作表语，也作后置定语和状语。thanks to意为“多亏；由于”只作状语。owing to意为“由于”常作状语。as a result of意为“由于”作状语。易混辨析 because/as/since/forbecause表示直接原因，语气

14、最强。回答why提出的问题只能用because。在强调句型中，也只能用because。as用于解释做某事的原因，语气较弱，通常位于主句前。since表示的原因是指人们已知的事实，常意为“既然”。语气比because弱，但比as强。通常位于主句前，并常与as换用。for并列连词，连接并列分句，表示一种补充说明，是推测或判断的理由，语气较弱，不可位于主句前。有时可表示直接原因，相当于because。 7. come up走近；上来；提出The little boy came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police sta

15、tion.小男孩向陌生人走去，并告诉他去警察局的路。We wont forget the day when we watched the sun come up on top of the Tai Mountain.我们不会忘记一同在泰山顶看日出的那天。It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting.这个问题在会议上一定会被提出来的。The snowdrops are just beginning to come up.雪莲花刚刚开始长出地面。I am afraid something urgent has come up

16、.恐怕发生了什么急事。联想拓展come true 变成现实，成为现实 come across 邂逅come about 发生 come at 向扑来,攻击come from来自 come out出版;开花；结果是come up with 想出 come round绕道而来；苏醒come down 落下,塌下 come over（从远处）来到；横过come into use开始使用 how come .?(表示理解)怎么回事？when it comes to sth.当涉及某事时How come her French is so bad if she spent 5 years in pairs

17、?她在巴黎待了5年，但她的法语怎么这么糟糕。When it comes to getting things done, he is useless.一涉及到做事，他便不中用了。8. such as 例如；像这样的易混辨析 such as/for example/that is/and so onsuch as用来列举事物。通常插在被举例的带有解释性质的事物与前面的需要进行解释的名词之间，意为“比如；诸如之类的”，可与 like 互换，as 后不能有逗号。for example同for instance一样起到补充说明的作用，表明在众多的内容中仅取一两个例子，可放在举例之前或之后，意为“例如，举

18、个例子”。that is 是后面列举的事物的总量等于它前面所提到的总和，相当于namely。也用that is to say。and so on 对几个事物进行列举时，在说了其中的几个以后，用and so on进行概括，说明还有例子，但不一一列出。Boys like to play balls, such as football and basketball.男孩子喜欢打球，比如足球和篮球。Some students, Li Jun, for example, live in the country. 有些学生，如李军，住在农村。I have three good friends, that

19、is, John, Jack and Tom.我有三个好朋友，即约翰、杰克和汤姆。There are some books, pens, erasers and so on in my bag.我的书包里有书、笔、橡皮等。 9. play a part (in) 扮演一个角色；参与She plays an active part in local politics.她积极参与地方政治活动。She played a major part in the success of the scheme.她对该计划的成功起了重要作用。联想拓展take part (in sth.)参加, 参与（某事）the

20、 best part of sth.（某事物的）绝大部分（尤指一段时间）for the most part整体上; 通常; 多半for my part就我来说变式训练：16. Do you know what time the violent storm with thunder an l_ happened.17. It became _(接近) to the language you are learning now.18. Our garden is beautiful ,_（尤其）in autumn.19. He did the work under my _(指导).20. She

21、lives in _（东南部）Italy.21. The _(身份) of the murdered woman has not yet been established.22. In my home town, you can see ancient and_(现代的) building next to each other.23.Believe it or not ,but he _(实际上) won.24. He _ ( 统治 )the country for 4 years in the past.25. The _ (政府) should take measures to stop

22、air pollution.26. We should know more about Chinese _ (文化) and history.27. She made a _ (请求) for some water.28. _ (短语) are important in English study.29. Please be _ (礼貌) to our guests.30. Can you _ (复述) the text in your own words?（三）重点句型10. Which country do you think has the most English learners?

23、你觉得学英语最多的是哪个国家？What time do you expect we will come and pick you up？你希望我们几点来接你？11. Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你，（世界上）没有什么标准英语。believe it or not在句中用作插入语，意为“信不信由你；我说的是真的”。联想拓展常用作插入语的还有：generally speaking一般来说 frankly speaking坦白地说judging from .从来判断 to tell you the

24、 truth说真的；老实说to be honest说实在的 to make matters worse更糟糕的是联想拓展no such.as没有这样的 such as例如such.as.像这样的 such.that.这样以至于易混辨析 such . that . /such . as .在such . that .结构中，that是从属连词，引导结果状语从句，在从句中不作成分。Page No.68在such . as .结构中，as是关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句中常作宾语。He is reading such a book as you borrowed from the library l

25、ast week. 他在读的书和你上周从图书馆借来的一样。（ as是关系代词，引导定语从句）变式训练：1、他在读的书这么有趣，我想借来读读。_2、你认为他听到那个好消息后会做什么呢？_3、你认为他们队为什么能赢得那场足球赛呢？_Unit 2 keys: 1. includes 2. role 3. nearly 4. present 5.standard 6. dialects7. recognize mand 9.languages 10.Accent 11.blocks12.international 13.apartment 14.native 15.usage 16.lightning

26、 17.closer18.especially 19.direction 20.southeastern 21.identity 22.mordern23.actually 24.ruled 25.government 26.culture 27.request 28.Phrases29.polite 30.retell 1.He is reading such an interesting book that I want to borrow it.2.What do you suppose he will do after he hears about the good news？3、Wh

27、y do you think their team could win the football match?课堂训练：语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2015吉林省公主岭市第一中学高一上学期第一次月考)One morning，I was waiting at the bus stop，worried about 1._(be ) late for school.There were many people waiting at the bus stop，2._some of them looked

28、very anxious and 3._(disappoint)When the bus finally came，we all hurried on board.I got a place next 4._ the window，so I had a good view of the sidewalk.A boy on a bike 5._ (catch)my attention.he was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver，but h

29、e refused 6._ (stop ) until we reached the next stop.Still，the boy kept 7._(ride)He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting.Finally，when we came to the next stop，the boy ran up to the door of the bus.I heard an excited conversation.Then the driver stoop up and asked，“8._anyone lose a s

30、uitcase at the last stop ？” A woman on the bus shouted，“Oh dear “ It is 9._(I)”She pushed her way to the driver and to the little boy.Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done.And the passengers 10._ (sudden) became friendly to one another.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)AMembers of a hig

31、h school class of 1943 finally got the party they should have had 70 years ago.Their senior celebration was stopped by World War .Anthony Pegnataro，the 1943 class president of James Hillhouse High School，remembers the attack on Pearl Harbor like it was yesterday.On December 7th，1941，Pegnataro said，h

32、e and his friends were skating when they heard over the radio that America had entered a state of war.Going to war meant no party any more.Pegnataros carefree high school life suddenly came to an end.“Most of us went right into the service after graduation，” Pegnataro said.“We graduated in June and

33、were in the army in July.”Of the 1，585 students at James Hillhouse High School，less than 300 are still alive today and many of them never made it back from war.Pegnataro，who is now 87，decided that along with their 70year class reunion (重聚)，they would also hold that party they never got to have.About

34、 70 people from around the country came to dance on Sunday.“It was excellent.Everyone there just had a great time，” Pegnataro said.“Those that came guessed it might be their last one.”Pegnataro said he_was_on_cloud_nine to bring his wife of 53 years back to the party，and he introduced her to each of

35、 his classmates.“Everyone was very excited at the party.Though we had been separated for so many years，the war brought my class closer together，” he said.“We missed out on the party that we should have had.And the 70th reunion was a very important event in our lives，” Pegnataro said.“We all made it.

36、”1When Pearl Harbor was attacked，Pegnataro _Awent into the army at onceBwas skating with his parentsCwas having a Christmas partyDwas still a high school student2The underlined part “he was on cloud nine” meant Pegnataro _Awas on a planeBfelt very happyCwas not comfortable Dcame at nine oclock3In Pe

37、gnataros opinion，the war _Ahad its own two sidesBmade him lose everythingChad little influence on his schoolDlasted longer than he had expected4What would be the best title for the text?APegnataroa man of knowledgeBJames Hillhouse High SchoolCAn unusual partyDWar and peaceBMy friend Jason and I want

38、ed to do something to help other people who are less fortunate and help us grow at the same time.After we decided that we would volunteer in Nepal，I did some research on the Internet and I found Volunteer Nepal and felt strongly that it was the right choice for us.While making our plans，Jason and I

39、realized that others might like the opportunity to be a part of our experience.So before leaving for Nepal，we asked the people we know whether they would be interested in donating (捐赠) cash or goods to Nepal Orphans(孤儿) Home.One friend，whose family owns a chain called Drake Supermarket，told others a

40、bout it.His effort paid off.We received donations that filled 29 boxes with sporting goods，toys，coloring books，pencils，childrens books，and more.The boxes were later taken to Drakes warehouse where I prepared them for shipment.Drake agreed to ship them to Nepal for free.The boxes had arrived at the V

41、olunteer House when we arrived there.The next day，Jason and I unpacked the boxes.The children from the orphanages lined up and were able to choose a gift.This process took about an hour，but the looks on their faces and the happiness that we saw in their eyes made it one of the best days of our life.

42、We visited the orphanages there in the following days.Being with the children at the orphanages was both sad and wonderful.Im sure that anyone who has volunteered will understand what I mean by that.My experience as a volunteer was very rewarding(有益的)It has changed me as a person and the way I viewe

43、d life in the past.5The writer did some research on the Internet probably to _Aget in touch with some studentsBfind an organization for volunteersCdecide in which country to volunteerDfind some friends to volunteer with him6Before leaving for Nepal，the writer _Aasked his friends to go with himBfille

44、d 29 boxes with the things he boughtCreceived many donations from other peopleDbought many things in Drake Supermarket7What can we learn from Paragraph 4?AThe children were very happy to receive the gifts.BThe writer didnt expect the kids would love the gifts.CThe writer and his friend took the gift

45、s to the orphanages.DThe children had never received gifts from others before.8The writer thinks that his experience as a volunteer was _Auseless BhelpfulCboring Ddisappointing Keys: 1D细节理解题。 由文章第二段中的内容可知，Pegnataro是James Hillhouse中学1943届的毕业生，而珍珠港被袭是在1941年，所以他那时还是一个中学生。2B推理判断题。由后面的“he introduced her

46、to each of his classmates”可以推知，他非常高兴带着自己的妻子来参加聚会并且将她介绍给他的每一位同学。3A细节理解题。由倒数第二段中Pegnataro所说的“Though we had been separated for so many years，the war brought my class closer together”可知，在Pegnataro看来，战争有其两面性，同学们因为战争而失散多年，不过战争也让同学们的心贴得更紧了。4C标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了一场迟到了七十年的班级聚会，但是它的意义却非同一般，故用An unusual party作为标题最恰当。

47、5B推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句的“.I did some research on the Internet and I found Volunteer Nepal.”可推断作者上网是为了寻找一个志愿者机构。6C细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“We received donations that filled 29 boxes with sporting goods，toys，coloring books，pencils，childrens books，and more.”可知应选C项。7A推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句中的“.the looks on their faces and the

48、happiness that we saw in their eyes made it one of the best days of our life.”可知孩子们收到礼物很高兴。8B细节理解题。根据末段最后两句“My experience as a volunteer was very rewarding(有益的)It has changed me as a person and the way I viewed life in the past.”可知作者认为他这次做志愿者的经历对他自己很有益。语法填空：1being2.and3.disappointed4.to5.caught6.to

49、stop7.riding8.Did9.me/mine10.suddenly本课知识点归纳lUnit 2重要知识点归纳 l阅读题做题情况及需要改进的地方课后作业.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)AEnglish is the most widely used language in the history of our planet.One in every seven human beings can speak it.More than half of the worlds books and three quarters of international mails are

50、in English.Of all languages，English has the largest vocabularyperhaps as many as two million words.However，lets face it：English is a crazy language.There is no egg in an eggplant，neither pine nor apple in a pineapple and no ham in a hamburger.Sweetmeats are candy，while sweetbreads，which arent sweets

51、，are meat.We take English for granted.But when we explore its paradoxes (矛盾)，we find that quicksand can work slowly，boxing rings are square，public bathrooms have no baths in them.And why is it that a writer writes，but fingers dont fing，grocers dont groce，and hammers dont ham? If the plural(复数) of to

52、oth is teeth，shouldnt the plural of booth be beeth？One goose，two geeseso one moose，two meese?How can a slim chance and a fat chance be the same，while a wise man and a wise guy are opposites? How can overlook and oversee be opposites，while quite a lot and quite a few are alike？How can the weather be

53、hot as hell one day and cold as hell the next?English was invented by people，not computers，and it reflects the creativity of human beings.Thats why，when stars are out，they are visible；but when the lights are out，they are invisible.And why，when I wind up my watch，I start it；but when I wind_up this es

54、say，I end it.1According to the passage _Asweetmeats and sweetbreads are different thingsBthere should be egg in an eggplantCpineapples are the apples on the pine treeDboxing rings should be round2Which of the following is the correct plural?ABeeth.BGeese.CMeese. DTooth.3The underlined words “wind up

55、” in the last paragraph probably mean “_”Ablow Broll up Cget hurt Dfinish4Through the many paradoxes in the English language，the writer wants to show that human beings are _Aclever Bcrazy Clazy DdullBEnglish has surely become the global language.Whenever we turn on the news to find out whats happeni

56、ng in East Asia，or Africa，or anywhere，people are being interviewed and telling us about it in English.If people look at the facts about the amazing reach of the English language，many would be surprised.English is used in over 90 countries as an official or semiofficial language.English is the workin

57、g language of many international institutes(研究所)as well as of most international research scientists.It is also the language that Indian parents and black parents wish their children to learn.It is believed that over one billion people worldwide are now learning English.One of the most important cau

58、ses of the spread of English around the world is that Europeans are willing to accept it as their language.English is spreading from northern Europe to the south and is now the second language in countries such as Sweden，Norway，Netherlands and Denmark.If one visits any of them，it would seem that alm

59、ost everyone there can talk in English.Recently，a report said that at the beginning of 2001，English was the most widely known foreign language with 43% of Europeans saying they spoke it.The report also said that with over 89% of the population speaking English，Sweden now has the highest percentage o

60、f English speakers.Whats more，English is the language rated as most useful to know，and over 77% of Europeans who do not speak English as their first language consider it useful.5By writing this passage，the writer mainly wants to tell us _Awhy so many people speak English around the worldBthat English has become a language spoken all over the worldCabout the development of English in EuropeDsomething about the Englishspeaking countries6The writer mentions all of the follow