2019全国一卷英语

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1、-2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I)英语考前须知：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的XX、XX号填写在答题卡上。2.答复选择题时，选出每题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答复非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试完毕后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一局部听力(共两节，总分值30分 )第一节(共5小题;每题1.5分，总分值7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最正确选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.

2、Where does this conversation take place?A. In a classroom.B. In a hospital.C. In a museum.2.What does Jack want to do?A. Take fitness classes.B. Buy a pair of gym shoes.C. Change his work schedule.3.What are the speakers talking about?A. What to drink.B. Where to meetC. When to leave.4.What is the r

3、elationship between the speakers?A. Colleges.B. Classmates.C. Strangers.5.Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation?A. She might want a ticket.B. She is looking for the man.C. She has an extra ticket.第二节(共15小题，每题1.5 分，总分值22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最正确选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，

4、每题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，答复第6、7题。6.How long did James run his business?A.10 yearsB.13yearsC.15 years7.How does the woman feel about James situation?A. EmbarrassedB. ConcernedC. Disappointed听第7段材料，答复第8至10题。8.What has Kates mother decided to do?A. Return to schoolB. Change her jobC.

5、Retire from work1-9.What did Kates mother study at college?A. Oil paintingB. Art historyC. Business administration10.What is Kates attitude toward her mothers decision?A. DisapprovingB. AmbiguousC. Understanding听第8段材料，答复第11至13题。11.What is the man doing?A. Chairing a meetingB. Hosting a radio program

6、C. Conducting a job interview12.What benefits Mary most in her job?A. Her wide readingB. Her leaders guidanceC. Her friends help13.Who will Mary talk about next?A. Her teacherB. Her fatherC. Her mother听第9段材料，答复第14至17题。14.Why does the man seldom do exercise?A. He lacks motivation.B. He has a heart pr

7、oblem.C. He works all the time.15.What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do?A. Hes an athlete.B. Hes a researcher.C. Hes a journalist.16.Why does the woman speak of a study?A. To encourage the man.B. To recommend an exercise.C. To support her findings.17.How much time will the man probably spend exerci

8、sing weekly?A.300 minutesB.150 minutesC.75 minutes听第10段材料，答复第18至20题。18.What did the scientists do to the road?A. They repaired it.B. They painted it.C. They blocked it19.Why are young birds drawn to the road surface?A. Its warm.B. Its brown.C. Its smooth.20.What is the purpose of the scientists expe

9、riment?A. To keep the birds there for a whole year.B. To help students study the birds well.C. To prevent the birds from being killed.第二局部阅读理解(共两节，总分值40分)第一节(共15小题;每题2分，总分值30分 )阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。ANeed a Job This Summer?Theprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprogramstohelpstude

10、ntsfindsummerjobs.Thedeadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help peopleunder 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.2-Jobs for YouthIf you are a teenager livi

11、ng in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program.Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities(社区).Summer CompanySummer Company provides students with hands-on business training and award

12、s of up to $3,000 to start andrun their own summer businesses.Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.Stewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projectsfor eight weeks this summer.Who i

13、s eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.Summer Employment Opportunities(时机)Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summerpositions across the Provincial Public Service, its related a

14、gencies and community groups.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15orolder. Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24or upto29forpersons with a disability.21. What is special about Summer Company?A. It requires no training before employment.B. It provides awards for running new businesses.C. It allows one to wor

15、k in the natural environment.D. It offers more summer job opportunities.22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?A.15-18.B.15-24.C.15-29D.16-17.23. Which program favors the disabled?A. Jobs for Youth.B. Summer Company.C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.D. Summer Employ

16、ment Opportunities.BForCanaanElementary secondgradeinPatchogue,N.Y.，todayisspeechday,andrightnowitCshrisPalaezs turn. The-y8ear-oldis the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the of kid who wouldenjoy public speaking.Buthes,nervous.“IhmeretotellyoutodaywhyyoushouldshouldChristri

17、psonthe“-ld,a.pronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.“VofotermeExceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebrings his speech to a nice conclusion ,Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.A son of immigrants,

18、Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls(回想起)how atthe beginning of the year，when called upon to read，Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who letsyoumak

19、e mistakes.“It takes a lot for any stud，entWhaley explains，“especially for a student who is learningEnglish as their new language，to feel confident enough to say，I dont k，nobwut I want to know.Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day t

20、oraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysays theprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast(夸3-耀)about themselves.“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,Whaley，s“ayissvery difficult for a child who cam

21、e intothe classroom not feeling confident.24. What made Chris nervous?A. Telling a story.B. Making a speech.C. Taking a test.D. Answering a question.25. What does the underlined word“stumblesin paragraph 2 refer to?A. Improper pauses.B. Bad manners.C. Spelling mistakes.D. Silly jokes.26. We can infe

22、r that the purpose of Whaleys project is to _.A. help students see their own strengthsB. assess studentspublic speaking skillsC. prepare students for their future jobsD. inspire studentslove for politics27. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?A. Humorous.B. Ambitious.C. Caring.

23、D. Demanding.CAsdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric(生物测量)technologieslike fingerprint scansto keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies arestill expensive, though.Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cos

24、t device(装置)that gets around thisproblem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏)with which one types andthe pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things likethe force of a users typing and the time betwe

25、en key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, thekeyboard can determine peoples identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computerits connected toregardless of whether someone gets the password right.Italsodoesntrequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplear

26、entalreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesakeyboard and everybody types differently.In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the worde“s tuosuincghfour timthe smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on howt

27、heytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in thenear future.28. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?A. To reduce pressure on keys

28、.B. To improve accuracy in typingC. To replace the password system.D. To cut the cost of e-space protection.29. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible?A. Computers are much easier to operate.B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.C. Typing patterns vary from person to perso

29、n.D. Data security measures are guaranteed.30. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard?A. Itll be environment-friendly.B. Itll reach consumers soon.C. Itll be made of plastics.D. Itll help speed up typing.31. Where is this text most likely from?4-A. A diaryB.A guidebookC. A novelD. A ma

30、gazine.DDuring the rosy years of elementary school(小学), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me tokeep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls andcool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking ciga

31、rettes, breaking rules and playing jokeson others, among whom I soon found myself.Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatusseekers.Thelikablesplays-well-with-othersqualitiesst

32、rengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedever after in life and work. Then theres the kind ofappoppeualarsritiyntahdaotlescence: status born of power andeven dishonorable behavior.Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinsteins studies show

33、unpleasant consequences. Those whowerehighestinstatusinhighschool,aswellasthoseleastlikedinelementaryschool,are“mostlikelytoengage(从事)in dangerous and risky behavior.In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, themost liked and the hi

34、ghest in status based on student surveys(调查研究).“We found that the least w-elilkled teenshad become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearlyshowed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite eff

35、ect on us.Dr.Prinsteinhasalsofoundthatthequalitiesthatmadetheneighborswantyouonaplaydate-sharing,kindness, opennesscarry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.In analyzing his and other research，Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability

36、 related topositivelifeoutcomes,butitisalsoresponsibleforthoseoutcomes,too.Beinglikedcreatesopportunitiesforlearning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage,he said.32. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?A. Unkind.B. Lonely.C.

37、Generous.D. Cool.33.What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. The classification of the popular.B. The characteristics of adolescents.C. The importance of interpersonal skills.D. The causes of dishonorable behavior.34. What did Dr. Prinsteins study find about the most liked kids?A. They appeared

38、to be aggressive.B. They tended to be more adaptable.C. They enjoyed the highest status.D. They performed well academically.35. What is the best title for the text?A. Be Nice- You Wont Finish LastB. The Higher the Status, the BeerC. Be the Best-You Can Make ItD. More Self-Control, Less Aggressivenes

39、s第二节(共5小题;每题2分，总分值10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?We all grew up hearing people tell us to“go out and get some fresh air.36 According to re,ctheent studies5-answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.37If the air youre breathin

40、g is c-lewahnich it would be if youre away from the smog of ci-ttiehsenthe air isfilled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply,allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain.Recently, people have begun studyi

41、ng the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). 38 In theseplaces patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing thingscan reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood(情绪).Greenery is good for us. Hospi

42、talpatients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildingsor sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.40 While the suns rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure youget enough Vitami

43、n Dbut still protect your skinput on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreenabout fifteen minutes to start working, and thats plenty of time for your skin to absorb a days worth of Vitamin D.A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.B. So what are you waiting for?C. Being in nature refreshes us.

44、D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.G.All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.第三局部语言知识运用(共两节，总分值45分)第一节(共2

45、0小题;每题1.5 分，总分值30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 41 withthem lots of waste. The 42 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing, changing the43 of Kilimanjaro.He

46、aringthesestories,Im44abouttheplaceotherdestinationsaredescribedas“purernaturalexperiences.However, I soon 45 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 46 among tons of rubbish. Ifind a 47 mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are 48 bu

47、t the effortsmade by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 49 .The best of a Kilimanjaro 50 , in my opinion, isnt reaching the top. Mountains are 51 as spiritual places bymanycultures.This52isespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaroas53gothroughfiveecosystems(生态系统)inthespace of a few kilometers. At

48、the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, 54 lands of low growingplants. Further up, the weather 55low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I56 twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland 57 : gravel(砾石), stones

49、androcks. 58 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 59 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.DoesKilimanjaro60itsreputationasacrowded mountainwithlinesoftouristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeace? I found the opposite to be true.41. A. keepB. mixC. connectD. bring42. A. storiesB. buildingsC. crowd

50、sD. reporters43. A. positionB. ageC. faceD. name44. A. silentB. skepticalC. seriousD. crazy45. A. discoverB. argueC. decideD. advocate46. A. equipmentB. grassC. campsD. stones6-47. A. remoteB. quietC. allD. clean48. A. newB. specialC. significantD. necessary49. A. paying offB. spreading outC. blowin

51、g upD. fading away50. A. atmosphereB. experienceC. experimentD. sight51. A. studiedB. observedC. exploredD. regarded52. A. viewB. qualityC. reasonD. purpose53. A. scientistsB. climbersC. localsD. officials54. A. holding on toB. going back toC. living up toD. giving way to55. A. changesB. clearsC. im

52、provesD. permits56. A. matchB. imagineC. countD. add57. A. villageB. desertC. roadD. lake58. A. ObviouslyB. EasilyC. ConsequentlyD. Finally59. A. permanentB. littleC. freshD. artificial60. A. enjoyB. deserveC. saveD. acquire第二节(共10小题;每题1.5 分，总分值15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The polar bear is f

53、ound in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. Whilethey are rare north of 88,there isevidence 61 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as JamesBay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range

54、has been 62 (poor)studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.Modemmethods63trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,and areexpensive64(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeoplein Nunayut65(report)incr

55、easesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa66(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientists have responded by 67 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements,leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 68 (high) than they actually are. Of 69 nineteen rec

56、ognized polarbear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.第四局部写作(共两节，总分值35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每题1分，总分值10分)假定英语课上教师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并

57、在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Ibecameinterestinginplayingfootballthankstoasmallaccident.OneafternoonwhereIwasinprimaryschool,Iwaswalkingbytheschoolplayground.Suddenlyfootballfeeljustinfrontofmebutalmosthitme.Istopped the ball and kicked it hardly backto the playground. To

58、everyones surprising, the ball went into the net.All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. From now on, I startedto play my football with classmates after school. I am a good player now.第二节书面表达(总分值25分)假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包

59、括：1.写信目的：7-2.个人优势：3.能做的事情。注意：1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;3.完毕语已为你写好。2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题参考答案第一局部听力1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A6. C 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. C11. B12. A13. C14. A15. B16. A17. C 18. B19. A20. C第二局部阅读理解21. B22. D23. D24. B 25. A26. A27. C28. D29. C30. B31. D32. C33. A34. B35. A36. E37. A38. G

60、39. C40. D第三局部语言知识运用41. D42. C43. C44. B45. A46. C47. D48. C49. A50. B51. D52. A53. B54. D55. A56. C57. B58. D59. A60. B61. that 62. poorly 63. of/for 64. to perform 65. have report66. belief 67. noting68. higher 69. the 70. are第四局部写作第一节I becamein playing football thanks to a small accident. One aft

61、ernoonI was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenlyfootball fell just in front of me8-almost hit me. I stopped the ball and kicked itback to the playground. To everyone s, the ball went into the net. All the footballon the playground cheered loudly,that I had a talent for football. Fromon, I started to playfootball with classmates after school. I am a good player now.第二节(略)9-