高考化学化学方程式汇编B2.5离子反应Word版

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1、中山纪念中学2017高考化学一轮学生自学：备考手册备考手册二 高中化学方程式汇编第五部分 离子反应（按字母顺序排列）Al2Al+6H+2Al3+3H22Al+2OH-+2H2O2+3H2Al3+3H2OAl(OH)3+3H+Al3+3OH-Al(OH)3Al3+4OH-+2H2O3Al3+10OH-2Al(OH)3+2H2O（当n(AlCl3)/n(NaOH)=3:10时）Al3+3NH3H2OAl(OH)3+32Al3+3+3H2O2Al(OH)3+3CO2Al3+3Al(OH)3+3CO2Al3+3HS-+3H2OAl(OH)3+3H2S2Al3+3S2-+6H2O2Al(OH)3+3H2

2、SAl3+3+6H2O4Al(OH)32Al3+3Al2(SiO3)2+2H2OAl(OH)3+OH-+H+H2OAl(OH)3+4H+Al3+2H2O9+30H+2Al(OH)3+7Al3+12H2O（当n(NaAlO2)/n(HCl)=3:10时）3+Fe3+6H2OFe(OH)3+3Al(OH)3+H2OAl(OH)3+NH3+H2OAl(OH)3+2+CO2+3H2O2Al(OH)3+CO2+2H2OAl(OH)3+Al2O3+6H+2Al3+3H2OAl2O3+2OH-2+H2OAl(OH)3+3H+Al3+2H2OAl(OH)3+2OH-+2H2OAgAg+H2OAgOH+H+Ag

3、+NH3H2OAgOH+Ag+2NH3H2O+H2OAg+Cl-AgClAg+Br-AgBrAg+I-AgI3Ag+Ag3PO42Ag+Ag2CO3Ag2CO3+2H+2Ag+CO2+H2OAg3PO4+3H+3Ag+H3PO42Ag(NH3)2+2OH-+CH3CHOCH3COO-+2Ag+3NH3+H2O2Ag(NH3)2+2OH-+CH2OH(CHOH)4CHOCH2OH(CHOH)4COO-+2Ag+3NH3+H2OBaBa2+=BaSO4Ba2+=BaCO33Ba2+2Ba3(PO4)2Ba2+2OH-+CO2BaCO3+H2OBa2+2OH-+2H+BaSO4+2H2O（NaHSO

4、4溶液中加Ba(OH)2，使溶液呈中性）Ba2+OH-+H+BaSO4+H2O（NaHSO4溶液中加Ba(OH)2，使Ba2+全部沉淀）BaCO3+2H+Ca2+CO2+H2OBr2Br-+Cl22Cl-+Br2Br2+SO2+2H2O2Br-+2H+4Br-+2Fe2+3Cl22Fe3+2Br2+6Cl-（足量Cl2）2Br-+2Fe2+2Cl22Fe3+Br2+4Cl-（当n(FeBr2)/n(Cl2)=1:1时）10Br-+6Fe2+8Cl26Fe3+5Br2+16Cl-（当n(FeBr2)/n(Cl2)=3:4时）C+2Ag+Ag2CO3+Ba2+BaCO3+Ca2+CaCO3+2H+

5、CO2+H2O+H2O+OH-3+2Al3+3H2O2Al(OH)3+3CO23+2Fe3+3H2O2Fe(OH)3+3CO2CO2+3H2O2Al(OH)3+CO2+2H2OAl(OH)3+CO2+OH-CO2+Ba2+2OH-BaCO3+H2OCO2+2OH-+H2O3CO2+5OH-2+2H2O（当n(CO2)/n(NaOH)=3:5时）CO2+2H2OH4SiO4+CaCa2+2OH-+CO2CaCO3+H2OCa2+2OH-+SO2CaSO3+H2OCa2+2ClO-+SO2+H2OCaSO4+HClO+H+Cl-（少量SO2）Ca2+2ClO-+2SO2+4H2OCaSO4+2Cl

6、-+4H+（足量SO2）Ca2+2ClO-+CO2+H2OCaCO3+2HClOCaCO3+2H+Ca2+CO2+H2OClCl2+H2OCl-+H+HClOCl2+2OH-Cl-+ClO-+H2OCl2+2OH-Cl-+ClO-+H2OCl2+2I-2Cl-+I2Cl2+H2SO3+H2O2Cl-+4H+Cl2+H2S2Cl-+2H+SCl2+2Fe2+2Fe3+2Cl-（向FeBr2溶液中少量Cl2）3Cl2+2Fe2+4Br-2Fe3+2Br2+6Cl-（足量Cl2）2Cl2+2Fe2+2Br-2Fe3+Br2+4Cl-（当n(FeBr2)/n(Cl2)=1:1时）8Cl2+6Fe2+1

7、0Br-6Fe3+5Br2+16Cl-（当n(FeBr2)/n(Cl2)=3:4时）Cl2+2I-2Cl-+I2Cl2+2I-I2+2Cl-（向FeI2溶液中通入少量Cl2）3Cl2+2Fe2+4I-2Fe3+2I2+6Cl-（足量Cl2）4Cl2+2Fe2+6I-2Fe3+3I2+8Cl-（当n(FeI2)/n(Cl2)=3:4时）2Cl-+4H+MnO2Mn2+Cl2+2H2OCl-+Ag+AgClClO-+H+HClOClO-+SO2+H2O2H+Cl-+ClO-+H2OHClO+OH-Cr+6Fe2+14H+6Fe3+2Cr3+7H2OCuCu+2Fe3+2Fe2+Cu2+3Cu+2+

8、8H+3Cu2+2NO+4H2OCu2+2H2OCu(OH)2+2H+Cu2+2NH3H2OCu(OH)2+2NH4+Cu2+2Na+2H2O2Na+Cu(OH)2+H2Cu2+H2S2H+CuSCu2+FeCu+Fe2+Cu2+2OH-Cu(OH)2CuO+2H+Cu2+H2OCxHyOzC6H5O-+H2OC6H5OH+OH-C6H5O-+CO2C6H5OH+CH3CHO+2Ag(NH3)2+2OH-CH3COO-+2Ag+3NH3+H2OCH3CHO+2Cu(OH)2CH3COOH+Cu2O+2H2O2CH3COOH+CaCO32CH3COO-+Ca2+CO2+H2OCH2OH(CHOH

9、)4CHO+2Ag(NH3)2+2OH-CH2OH(CHOH)4COO-+2Ag+3NH3+H2OCH2OH(CHOH)4CHO+2Cu(OH)2CH2OH(CHOH)4COOH+Cu2O+2H2O5C2H4+12+36H+12Mn2+10CO2+28H2O5+2+16H+2Mn2+10CO2+8H2OFeFe+2H+=Fe2+H2Fe+Cu2+=Fe2+CuFe+2Fe3+3Fe2+Fe2+2OH-Fe(OH)22Fe2+Cl22Fe3+2Cl-2Fe2+Br22Fe3+2Br-4Fe2+O2+4H+Fe3+2H2O12Fe2+3O2+6H2O8Fe3+4Fe(OH)32Fe2+H2O2+2

10、H+2Fe3+2H2O6Fe2+14H+6Fe3+2Cr3+7H2O5Fe2+8H+5Fe3+Mn2+4H2O3Fe2+4H+3Fe3+NO+2H2OFe2+S2-FeS2Fe2+Cl22Fe3+2Cl-（向FeBr2溶液中通入少量Cl2）2Fe2+4Br-+3Cl22Fe3+2Br2+6Cl-(足量Cl2)2Fe2+2Br-+2Cl22Fe3+Br2+4Cl-（当n(FeBr2)/n(Cl2)=1:1时）6Fe2+10Br-+8Cl26Fe3+5Br2+16Cl-（当n(FeBr2)/n(Cl2)=3:4时）2Fe2+4I-+3Cl22Fe3+2I2+6Cl-（向FeI2溶液中足量Cl2）2

11、Fe2+6I-+4Cl22Fe3+3I2+8Cl-（当n(FeI2)/n(Cl2)=3:4时）Fe3+3OH-Fe(OH)32Fe3+Cu2Fe2+Cu2+2Fe3+Fe3Fe2+2Fe3+Zn2Fe2+Zn2+2Fe3+3Zn2Fe+3Zn2+Fe3+3Fe(OH)3+3CO2Fe3+3+6H2OFe(OH)3+3Al(OH)32Fe3+3+3H2O2Fe(OH)3+3CO22Fe3+H2S2Fe2+S+2H+2Fe3+S2-2Fe2+S2Fe3+2I-2Fe2+I22Fe3+SO2+2H2O2Fe2+4H+Fe3+3SCN-（红色溶液）Fe3+3H2O(胶体)+3H+FeO+2H+Fe2+

12、H2OFe2O3+6H+Fe3+3H2OFe3O4+8H+Fe2+2Fe3+4H2OFeS+2H+Fe2+H2SH2OH+OH-H2O2H2O+2Na2Na+2OH-+H22H2O+2Na2O2=4Na+4OH-+O2H2O+Na2O2Na+2OH-H2O+Cl2Cl-+H+HClOH2O2H2O2+2I-+2H+I2+2H2OH2O2+2Fe2+2H+2Fe3+2H2O5H2O2+2+6H+=2Mn2+5O2+8H2OH2O2+Cl22H+2Cl-+O2H2O2+SO22H+H2CO3系列H2CO3H+H+H2O+H2OH2CO3+H2O+H+CO2+H2O3+Al3+Al(OH)3+3CO

13、23+Fe3+Fe(OH)3+3CO22+Ca2+2CaCO3+2H2O+（向NaHCO3溶液中加入少量澄清石灰水）+Ca2+CaCO3+H2O（足量澄清石灰水）+Ca2+CaCO3+H2O（向Ca(HCO3)2溶液中加入少量NaOH溶液）2+Ca2+2CaCO3+2H2O+（Ca(HCO3)2溶液中加入足量NaOH溶液）+H2O（向NH4HCO3溶液中加入少量NaOH溶液）+2+H2O+NH3H2O（向NH4HCO3溶液中加入足量NaOH溶液）2+SO2+CO2+H2O+H2OAl(OH)3+H3PO4系列H3PO4H+H+H+H3PO4+H2O+=+H2O+=+H2O+H2O+H2O+H2

14、OH3PO4+H+H+H+H3PO4H2S系列H2SH+HS-HS-H+S2-H+S2-=HS-H+HS-=H2SH2O+S2-HS-+HS-+H2OH2S+H2S+OH-HS-+H2OHS-+OH-S2-+H2OH2S+Cl22Cl-+2H+S2H2S+SO23S+2H2O2H2S+O22S+2H2OH2S+Cu2+2H+CuSH2S+(CH3COO)2PbPbS+2CH3COOHH2S+2OH-S2-+2H2O3HS-+Al3+3H2OAl(OH)3+3H2SH2SO3系列H2SO3H+H+H2OH2SO3+OH-+OH-+H2O+H+SO2+H2OH2SO3+Cl2+H2O2Cl-+4H

15、+I2I-+2Fe3+2Fe2+I22I-+Cl22Cl-+I22I-+Br22Br-+I2I-+Ag+AgI2I-+H2O2+2H+I2+2H2O5I-+IO-+6H+3I2+3H2OI2+2OH-I-+IO-+H2OI2+5Cl2+6H2O12H+10Cl-+2MgMg+2H+Mg2+H2Mg2+2OH-Mg(OH)2Mg2+MgCO3MgCO3+2H+Mg2+CO2+H2OMgO+2H+Mg2+H2OMg(OH)2+2H+Mg2+2H2OMnMnO2+2Cl-+4H+Mn2+Cl2+2H2O+5Fe2+8H+5Fe3+Mn2+4H2O2+5SO2+2H2O2Mn2+5+4H+2+5H2O

16、2+6H+2Mn2+5O2+8H2O12+5C2H4+36H+12Mn2+10CO2+28H2O2+5+16H+2Mn2+10CO2+8H2ONa2Na+2H2O2Na+2OH-+H22Na+Cu2+2H2O2Na+Cu(OH)2+H2NH3系列+H2ONH3H2O+H+2+H2OH4SiO4+2NH3+H2OAl(OH)3+NH3+2OH-+H2O+NH3H2O（向NH4HCO3溶液中加入足量NaOH溶液）NH3+H2ONH3H2ONH3H2O+OH-NH3H2O+Ag+AgOH+NH4+2AgOHAg2O+H2O（AgNO3溶液中加入少量氨水）2NH3H2O+Ag+Ag(NH3)2+H2O

17、（足量氨水）2NH3H2O+Cu2+Cu(OH)2+2（向CuSO4溶液中加入少量氨水）4NH3H2O+Cu2+Cu(NH3)42+4H2O（足量氨水）2NH3H2O+Zn2+Zn(OH)2+2NH4+（向ZnCl2溶液中加入少量氨水）4NH3H2O+Zn2+Zn(NH3)42+4H2O（足量氨水）3NH3H2O+Al3+Al(OH)3+32+2I-+4H+2NO+I2+2H2O5+2+6H+2Mn2+5+3H2O+3Fe2+4H+3Fe3+NO+2H2O2+3SO2+2H2O3+2NO+4H+2+3Cu+8H+3Cu2+2NO+4H2OO+H+=H2O+CO2O2+2H2S2S+2H2OO2

18、+2S2-+4H+S+2H2OO2+2HS-+2H+S+2H2OO2+4Fe2+4H+Fe3+2H2O3O2+12Fe2+6H2O=8Fe3+4Fe(OH)3O2+22O3+2I-+2H+I2+O2+H2OP+3Ag+Ag3PO42+3Ba2+Ba3(PO4)22+3Ca2+Ca3(PO4)22+3Mg2+Mg3(PO4)2+H+2H+3H+H3PO4Pb2+PbSO4Pb2+S2-PbSPbO2+2Cl-+4H+Pb2+Cl2+2H2O(CH3COO)2Pb+H2SPbS+2CH3COOHS3S+6OH-=2S2-+3H2OS2-+H2OHS-+OH-3S2-+2Al3+6H2O2Al(OH

19、)3+3H2SS2-+2Fe3+2Fe2+SSO2+Ca2+2ClO-+H2OCaSO4+HClO+H+Cl-（少量SO2）2SO2+Ca2+2ClO-+4H2OCaSO4+2Cl-+4H+（足量SO2）SO2+2Fe3+2H2O2Fe2+4H+SO2+2+CO2+H2OSO2+2OH-+H2OSO2+OH-SO2+Br2+2H2O2Br-+2H+SO2+I2+2H2O2I-+2H+SO2+H2O22H+3SO2+2+2H2O3+2NO+4H+SO2+ClO-+H2O2H+Cl-+SO2+2H2S3S+2H2OSO2+H2OH2SO35SO2+2+2H2O2Mn2+5+4H+2H+SO2+H2

20、O+H2O+OH-+Ba2+BaSO4+2H+Ba2+2OH-BaSO4+2H2O（NaHSO4溶液中加Ba(OH)2，使溶液呈中性）+H+Ba2+OH-BaSO4+H2O（NaHSO4溶液中加Ba(OH)2，使Ba2+全部沉淀）+2H+S+SO2+H2OSiSi+2OH-+H2O+2H2SiO2+2OH-+H2O+2+H2OH4SiO4+2NH3+CO2+2H2OH4SiO4+CO32-+2H+H2OH4SiO43+2Fe3+Fe2(SiO3)23+2Al3+Al2(SiO3)2ZnZn+2H+Zn2+H2Zn+2OH-+H2Zn+2Fe3+2Fe2+Zn2+（少量Zn片）3Zn+2Fe3+2Fe+3Zn2+（过量Zn片）Zn2+2H2OZn(OH)2+2H+Zn2+2OH-Zn(OH)2Zn2+2NH3H2OZn(OH)2+2（少量氨水）Zn2+4NH3H2OZn(NH3)42+4H2O（足量氨水）Zn(OH)2+2H+Zn2+2H2OZn(OH)2+2OH+2H2OZnO+2H+=Zn2+H2OZnO+2OH+H2O