雅思阅读考情回顾

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1、。2018 年 8 月 25 日雅思阅读考情回顾一、考试时间：2018 年 8 月 25 日（周六）二、考试概述：第一篇 KatherineMansfield，是新西兰女作家的传记，最近两个月，人物传记出现的频次很高，还请考生有针对性训练文章通读。第二篇Australian Parrots，介绍的是澳洲的鹦鹉。第三篇Amusia 是 2012 年 8 月 13 日和 2016 年 8 月 13 日（正好相隔四年）的旧题，介绍的是有些人突然失去了对于音调的感觉。三、文章简介Passage 1: Katherine Mansfield，新西兰女作家Passage 2: Australian Par

2、rots，澳洲的鹦鹉Passage 3: amusia，失乐症四、篇章分析：Passage 1 ：文章内容文章主旨：讲述了小说家 Katherine Mansfield的成长经历。提到她励志成为小说家的缘由、 代表作、如何成名等， 按照时间顺序交代了她一生的轨迹。题型分布与1-7) 判断题答案参考1.作者的笔名是原名： False2.作者在女王学院上学时不受欢迎：False3.作者在女王学院上学时萌生当作家的想法：False4.小说中对毛利人的描述是 favorable way： True5. 作品获奖了： Not Given6. /7. 作者在伦敦时对政治不感兴趣： True 8-14) 填

3、空题8. 19069. Australia10. family (对家庭和当地生活厌倦了 )11. bankruptcy12. writers13. reputation精选资料，欢迎下载。相关拓展Katherine Mansfield revolutionised the 20th Century English shortstory.Her best work shakes itselffreeofplotsand endingsand givesthestory,forthefirsttime,theexpansivenessoftheinteriorlife,thepoetryoffe

4、eling,theblurrededges ofpersonality.She istaughtworldwide because of her historical importance but also because herproseofferslessonsinenteringordinarylivesthatarestillvividandstrong.Andherfictionretainsitsrelevancethroughitsopen-endedness its ability to raise discomforting questions aboutidentity,

5、belonging and desire.Katherine Mansfields brief life was also a lesson in casting offconvention.Famously, Mansfield remarkedrisk, riskeverything. Inthe words of one of her biographers,It was largely through heradventurousspirit,hereagerness tograspatexperienceand tosucceed in her work, that she beca

6、me ensnared in disaster . . . Ifshe was never a saint, she was certainly a martyr, and a heroine inher recklessness, her dedication and her courage.Virginia Woolf once said that Katherine Mansfield had producedtheonly writing I have ever been jealous of.Woolf also, jealously,wrote, . . . the more sh

7、e is praised, the more I am convinced sheis bad. D.H. Lawrence,with whomMansfieldhad a fraughtfriendship,visited Wellington, her birthplace, and was moved to send Mansfielda postcard bearing a single Italian word,Ricordi ( memories). Itwas a small and cryptic gesture of reconciliation; theyd fallen

8、outbadly and in his previous letter he had saidYou are a loathsomereptile I hope you will die.T.S. Eliot found hera fascinatingpersonalitybut alsoa thick-skinnedtoady and a dangerouswoman.And, if we want to add one more voice to this roll-call of mixed,self-clashing responses: the Irish writer Frank

9、 OConnor, in hisclassicstudyof theshortstory,The LonelyVoice, calledMansfieldthebrassylittleshopgirlofliteraturewho made herselfintoa greatwriter.精选资料，欢迎下载。As New Zealanders we tend to think we have invented the ambivalencethatsurroundsour most famous writer.Our oftengrudgingadmirationperhapshasthec

10、astofadistinctivelylocalattitudetohighartistic achievement. Yet Katherine Mansfield was always divisive,wherevershe was received. The impression she left on thosewho knewher was strong and ambiguous. She affects her readers in a similarway.After Mansfield died, Virginia Woolf often dreamed at night

11、of hergreatrival.ThedreamsgaveheraMansfield who wasvividly,shockinglyalive,so thatthe emotion ofthe dream encounterremainedwithWoolfforthenext day. HermioneLee, Woolf s biographer,writesthatKatherinehauntedheras we arehaunted by peoplewe have loved,but with whom we have not completed our conversatio

12、n, with whom wehaveunfinishedbusiness. Itisaformulationthatcaptureswonderfully the current position of Mansfield. She is a key figurein the development of the short story and yet she remains somehow onthe margins of literary history. She is also the great ghost of NewZealand cultural life, felt but

13、not quite grasped.Unfinished business lies at the heart of the Mansfield life story,not least because she died young in 1923 at the age of thirty four,the author of just three books of short stories (a fourth and fifthwould appear after her death). Her own feeling, as she was dying oftuberculosis,wa

14、s thatshe had only juststartedas a writer.Two weeksbeforeshe died,she expressed,withcharacteristicrestlessness,herdissatisfaction and her ambition:Iwant much more material; I amtired of my little stories like birds bred in cages.Yet there areother aspects of the life that also bear the stamp of inco

15、mpletion.Mansfield left for London in 1908 aged 20, never to return to NewZealand. In the context of a long and arduous sea journeysix orseven weeks this might not appear significant. And yet by the timeMansfields father, whod been born in Australia, came to write his精选资料，欢迎下载。memoirs, he could boas

16、tthathed made thetripbackto Mother Englandtwenty-fourtimes. Laterinher life,ofcourse,Mansfieldwasfrequently incapacitated by illness. Even allowing for this, it isobvious thatshe saw no pointina returnvoyage toherbirthplace andthat has had an effect on how we, as New Zealanders, see her. ThoughD.H.

17、Lawrencebelievedthemost importantfactabouther was that shewas a colonial,Mansfieldcan seem to us,atfirstglance,tooEnglish ;her associations with the Bloomsbury set, her marriage to an English man-of-letters, keep her rather at a distance from our concerns. Irrationally, we feel abandoned.And yetherm

18、asterpieces thelongstoriesAttheBay andPrelude arelovinglydetailedrecreationsofaNew Zealandchildhood,reportsfromthefringe the edge ofthe worldas she feltit to be. She wrote as if shed stayed. Of course these luminousre-imaginingsarelitwith theaffectionandnostalgiaof theexpatriate.They wouldnotexistwi

19、thouttheirauthors estrangementfrom the scenes and places and people she describes. They are set ina NewZealandof themind, composed at theedge ofMansfields memory. AttheBay andPrelude areMansfieldsmost innovativeandwidely-readworks and as suchtheyare oftentheonlypoint ofcontactan international reader

20、ship has with this obscure country at thebottom of the world. And so our sense of abandonment is correctedslightly by a feeling of pride.Mansfield s relationship with her country of birth was, like most ofherrelationships,markedbyextremes.Inthebeginning,as aprecocious,literaryschoolgirl,shedespaired

21、ofheruncouthcolonial homewhere peopledonteven know theiralphabet. As a maturewriter she found in thathopeless material a way of pushing theboundariesof the form inthe words of herbiographer,AntonyAlpers,a means of revolutionising the English short story.Passage 2 ：精选资料，欢迎下载。文章内容第一段和第二段说一共有300 多种鹦鹉的种

22、类，其中在澳大利亚就有几分之几，有一个制造地图的人，他把澳大利亚描述成为非常多鹦鹉的地方; 一个艺术家画家，他也描述了澳大利亚鹦鹉的多样性。这两段就是填空。为什么会有那么多鹦鹉在澳大利亚。因为在一开始南半球只有一块大陆，后来裂开才分开 3 个，南半球有很多鹦鹉的祖先，因此这就是为什么现在鹦鹉大多在南半球。鹦鹉的嘴为何有那么多种样子，因为植物和果实的多种多样，他们的喙的形状也是多种多样的。植物也会去适应鹦鹉，颜色会鲜艳，来吸引鹦鹉，帮助传粉。鹦鹉的居住地在之前在大陆的比较潮湿的树林中，但是由于气候的改变和人类活动的影响，鹦鹉要去重新适应环境。去适应环境的过程当中，有的鹦鹉就灭绝了。有一种鹦鹉的存

23、活是建立在另一种鹦鹉的灭绝之上。人类去人造鸟巢的缺点，少，贵，只是一个居住的地方，但是不是一个生存的环境。大树不仅能提供住宿，还能提供食物。题型分布与15-18) 段落信息配对题答案参考15.一个关于别的物种影响另外的物种的例子：I16. two species：F17.食物的颜色会为了适应动物而变化：G18. 南半球适合鹦鹉生存： J19. The varied Australia landscape是的鹦鹉种类很多：C20-22) 选择题20. 关于鹦鹉起源：C. in the continent which split up21. parrot beaks:D. adjust to th

24、eir suitable diet22. Box-nesting的缺点没有提及的是：D.should be frequently maintained23-27) 填空题23. one-sixth24. 16 century25. Gerald Mercator26. Jonh Gould相关拓展A familiarsightin Australia,the Australiankingparrotis a somewhat精选资料，欢迎下载。rare pet in the United States and other parts of the world. They make relati

25、vely calm and quiet pets if hand-raised, however, and their striking colors make them ideal for a bird enthusiast looking for an unusual specimen.Australian king parrots are not overly affectionate birds, and mosttendtoprefernottobe handled.Whilethereistheoccasionalexception, it is rare for a king p

26、arrot even one that was hand-fed as a baby to bond as strongly with their owners in the same way that cockatoos and some other parrot species do. This is not to say thatthese birds are anti-social to the contrary, many Australian king parrots do enjoy interacting with their owners and even learn to

27、saya few words. But if you are looking for a cuddly parrot, then this is not the best species for you.Although these are large parrots, Australian king parrots are knownto be among the more quiet parrot species and they tend to not screamin the same manner as the otherlargehookbillssuch as macaws. I

28、nstead,they tend to pleasantlyvocalizeat an audiblebut very agreeableleveland willentertaintheirowners withtheirwhistlesand chatter.Whenproperly socialized and motivated, Australian king parrots can learn to talk, but they are not especially noted for remarkable speaking ability.Australianking parro

29、tsare a dimorphicbirdspecies and dramaticallyso. Males have brightred plumage on theirheads and chests,vividgreenfeatherson theirbacks and tails,and bluefeathersunderneaththeirwings. they are the only parrot with entirely red heads.Females ofthe specieshave green featherson theirheads,backs,andchest

30、s,red on theirbellies,and a patch ofblueon theirrumps. Bothsexes have dark gray skin on their feet and legs.While highly sought after due to their quiet nature and beautiful精选资料，欢迎下载。colors, it can be hard to find an Australian king parrot. If you arelooking to adopt one as a pet, try contacting you

31、r local exotic birdclub or aviculture society and ask about breeders in your area. Onceyou are in contact with breeders, ask plenty of questions and try tomake an appointmentto visitwiththem and theirbirds.Itis importantto understand exactly what it isliketo live with an Australiankingparrot before

32、bringing one home.Although the vast majority of Australian king parrots prefer minimal handling, they can be hand-tamed by patient owners and are reported to be among the most gentle large parrots in the world. This is notto say that an Australian king parrot will never bite because allparrotswillbi

33、te.However, these birdsgenerallyprefermore peacefulmethods of interacting with their human caretakers.The Australian king parrot is a very acrobatic bird that requires alargecage or aviary.An idealenvironmentisan enclosure3 to 6 feetwide and 12 to15 feetlong.Ifkeptin a smallerenclosure,thisbirdwill

34、require a lot of out-of-cage exercise each day.Passage 3 ：文章内容在某项研究中，对于他们与正常人中对音乐的反应做了实验，也对他们各自的大脑内部结构进行了分析。得出结论，音盲患者大脑当中的某个部分缺失，所以对于音乐的反应会比正常人更加激烈。也通过了在某些地区的调查研究，证明了虽然隐瞒过患者于正常人相比，缺失了大脑中的某些部分，但他们在书写等其他方面仍表现优异，不能算作是残障人士。题型分布与选择题 5答案参考27.D 失歌症患者分辨不了音高听不出熟悉的旋律28.B 第二段的作用是总结某个研究的内容29.B 有失歌症的通常也有语言障碍。30.

35、C 作用是 outlining31.B 失歌症不算是种病判断题 432.NO 题干说 P 的话有说服力，但其实原文作者说很怀疑。精选资料，欢迎下载。33.NOT GIVEN34.YES 不算疾病35.NOT GIVEN 文章没说失歌症和handwriting有关系配对题 536.E37.A38.B39.G40.H相关拓展Amusia is a musical disorder that appears mainly as a defect inprocessingpitch,butitalsoencompassesmusicalmemoryandrecognition. Two main cl

36、assifications of amusia exist: acquired amusia, which occurs as a result of brain damage, and congenital amusia, which results from a music processing anomaly at birth.Studieshave shown thatcongenitalamusia is a deficitin fine-grainedpitchdiscriminationand that4% ofthepopulation suffersfromthisdisor

37、der.Acquiredamusia, on theotherhand, may takeseveralforms.Patients with brain damage may experience the loss of ability toproducemusicalsoundswhilesparingspeech, much likeaphasicslosespeech selectivelybutcan sometimesstillsing.Otherformsofamusiamayaffectspecificsub-processesofmusicprocessing.Current

38、researchhasdemonstratedbetweenrhythm,melodyandemotionalprocessing of music, and amusia may include impairment SymptomsSymptoms of amusia aregenerallycategorizedas receptive,clinical,or mixed. Symptoms of receptive amusia, sometimes referred to asmusicaldeafness,includetheinabilitytorecognizefamiliar

39、melodies,theloss of abilitytoreadmusicalnotation, andtheinabilitytodetectwrongorout-oftunenotes.Clinical,orexpressive,symptomsincludethelossofabilitytosing,writemusical notation, and/or play an instrument. A mixed disorder would be a combination of expressive and receptive impairment.精选资料，欢迎下载。Clini

40、calsymptoms of acquiredamusia aremuch more variablethan thoseof congenital amusia and are determined by the location and natureof thelesion.Braininjuriesmay afflictmotororexpressivefunctioning, including the ability to sing, whistle, or hum a tune(oral-expressiveamusia),theabilitytoplayaninstrument(

41、instrumental amusia or musical apraxia), and the ability to writemusic (musicalagraphia).Additionally,braindamage to thereceptivedimension affects the faculty to discriminate tunes (receptive orsensorial amusia), the ability to read music (musical alessia), and the ability to identify songs that wer

42、e familiar prior to the brain damage (amnesic amusia).Researchsuggeststhatpatientswithamusia also have difficultywhenit comes to spatial processing. Amusics performed more quickly thannormal individuals on a combined task of both spatial and musicalprocessing tasks, which is most likely due to their

43、 deficit. Normalindividuals experience interference due to their intact processingof bothmusicalandspatialtasks,while amusics do not.Pitchprocessing normally depends on the cognitive mechanisms that are usually used to process spatial representations.Those with congenital amusia show impaired performance on discrimination, identification and imitation of sentences withintonational differences in pitch direction in their final word. This suggests that amusia can in subtle ways impair language processing.精选资料，欢迎下载。Welcome !欢迎您的下载，资料仅供参考！精选资料，欢迎下载