光纤收发器与协议转换器的区别（Difference between optical fiber transceiver and protocol converter）

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1、光纤收发器与协议转换器的区别（Difference between optical fiber transceiver and protocol converter）The fiber optic transceiver is only used for photoelectric signal conversion, and the protocol converter is used to convert one protocol to anotherFiber optic transceiver is a physical layer equipment, is to convert o

2、ptical fiber to twisted pair equipment, there is a 10/100/1000M conversion.There are many kinds of protocol converter, the majority is basically is a 2 layer device, a RAD protocol converter is often met with the E1 line 2M into V.35 data line connected to the router equipment, of course, 2M twisted

3、 pair Ethernet, remote access via 2M communication lines can realize LAN and expand.The two kinds of equipment maintain little to it, so long as it doesnt burn, it will not be bad.Router is more than 3 layers of equipment, you need to master a lot of knowledge of router configuration. Different bran

4、ds of different methods of use, you need to have targeted learning.Agreement。Optical transceiver is a light signal twisted pair signal of short distance and long distance Ethernet transmission media conversion unit swap, in many places, also known as photoelectric converter or optical fiber converte

5、r (Fiber Converter).Fiber optic transceivers are generally used in Ethernet cable can not cover, must use fiber to extend the transmission distance of the actual network environment, at the same time to help the last mile fiber line connected to metropolitan area network and the outer network also p

6、layed a huge role. With fiber transceivers, users also need to upgrade the system from the copper wire to the fiber, but the lack of funds, manpower or time users provide an inexpensive solution. In order to ensure full compatibility with other manufacturers, network repeaters, hubs and switches and

7、 other network equipment, optical fiber transceiver products must strictly comply with 10Base-T, 100Base-TX, 100Base-FX, IEEE802.3 and IEEE802.3u Ethernet standard. In addition, in the EMC anti electromagnetic radiation should be consistent with FCC Part15. At present, due to the domestic major oper

8、ators are vigorously building residential network, campus network and enterprise network, so the amount of fiber optic transceiver products are also constantly improving, in order to better meet the needs of the construction of access network.Optical fiber transceiver usually has the following basic

9、 characteristics:1. provide data transmission with ultra low latency.2. completely transparent to network protocols.3. using ASIC chip to realize the data line speed forwarding. Programmable ASIC brings many functions into one chip, which has the advantages of simple design, high reliability, low po

10、wer consumption, and so on. It can make the equipment get higher performance and lower cost.4. frame type equipment can provide the hot swap function, easy to maintain and continuously upgrade.5. network management equipment can provide network diagnosis, upgrade, status report, exception reporting

11、and control functions, can provide a complete operation logs and alarm logs.6. equipment uses 1+1 power supply design, supports ultra wide power supply voltage, realizes the power supply protection and the automatic switching.7. supports ultra wide operating temperature range.8. support complete tra

12、nsmission distance (0 120 km)In brief, the fiber optic transceiver is a converter that uses fiber as the physical medium and converts the Ethernet signal to the optical signalWhat is fiber transceiver?:Optical fiber transceiver is a kind of Ethernet transmission media conversion unit which transfers

13、 short distance twisted pair electrical signals and long distance optical signals. It is also called photoelectric converter in many places. The products are generally used in Ethernet cable can not cover, must use fiber to extend the transmission distance of the actual network environment, the appl

14、ication and the access layer is usually located in the broadband metropolitan area network; at the same time to help the last mile fiber line connected to metropolitan area network and the outer network also played a huge role.The enterprise in the information infrastructure, usually pay more attent

15、ion to the router and switch card and network equipment for data exchange nodes, but often neglect the change of medium this non core network equipment essential. Especially in some government agencies and enterprises which require high degree of informatization and large data flow,Network construct

16、ion should be directly connected to the backbone network using optical fiber as the transmission medium, transmission medium and internal LAN for copper wire, ensure that the data packet transmission between different networks smoothly medium conversion equipment has become a necessity.Classificatio

17、n of fiber optic transceivers:At present, there are many manufacturers of optical fiber transceivers both at home and abroad, and the product lines are also very rich. In order to ensure full compatibility with other manufacturers, network repeaters, hubs and switches and other network equipment, op

18、tical fiber transceiver products must strictly comply with 10Base-T, 100Base-TX, 100Base-FX, IEEE802.3 and IEEE802.3u Ethernet standards, in addition, in the EMC of anti electromagnetic radiation shall comply with FCC Part15. At present, due to the domestic major operators are vigorously building re

19、sidential network, campus network and enterprise network, so the amount of fiber optic transceiver products are also constantly improving, in order to better meet the needs of the construction of access network.With the diversification of optical transceiver products, their classification methods ar

20、e different, but there is a certain correlation between the various classification methods.Classification according to optical fiber properties:Single mode fiber transceiver: transmission distance from 20 km to 120 kmMultimode fiber transceiver: transmission distance from 2 km to 5 kmAccording to op

21、tical fiber, it can be divided into multimode fiber transceiver and single-mode fiber transceiver. Due to the use of different fiber transceiver, can the transmission distance is not the same, the transmission distance of multi-mode transceiver general in 2 km to 5 km, and the scope of coverage of t

22、he single mode transceiver can be from 20 km to 120 km. It should be pointed out that the transmitting power, the receiving sensitivity and the wavelength of the optical fiber transceiver are different due to the different transmission distance.Such as transmit power 5 km optical transceiver is gene

23、rally -20 -14db, the receiving sensitivity is -30db, using 1310nm and emission wavelength; power 120 km optical transceiver in -5 0dB, the receiving sensitivity is -38dB, using the 1550nm wavelength.Classification according to required optical fiber:Single fiber optical transceiver receiver sends da

24、ta transmission on a single fiberTwo fiber optical transceiver: receiving and transmitting data on a pair of optical fibersAs the name implies, a single device can save half of the fiber, which can receive and transmit data in a single optical fiber, optical fiber is suitable in the shortage of plac

25、es. These products employ wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology with wavelengths of 1310nm and 1550nm. But because there is no uniform international standard single fiber transceiver products, so the products of different vendors may be incompatible in interconnection at. In addition due

26、 to the use of WDM, fiber transceiver products universal signal attenuation characteristics. At present, most of the fiber transceivers are double fiber products, which are more mature and stable, but need more fiber.Classification by work level / rate:100M Ethernet optical transceiver: working on t

27、he physical layer10/100M adaptive Ethernet optical transceiver: works at the data link layerAccording to the work level / rate, it can be divided into single 10M, 100M optical fiber transceiver, 10/100M adaptive fiber transceiver and 1000M fiber transceiver. The transceiver products of single 10M an

28、d 100M work in the physical layer, and the transceiver products at this layer are bit by bit forwarding data. The way forward with forwarding speed, high permeability, low delay advantages, suitable for fixed rate link, at the same time as a result of such a device without a self negotiation process

29、 in normal communication, so do better in compatibility and stability.10/100M optical transceiver is working on the data link layer, the mechanism of this layer of optical fiber transceiver using store and forward, so that each data forwarding mechanism of the received packet to read its source MAC

30、address, destination MAC address and data payload, and after the completion of CRC cyclic redundancy check before the packet forwarding out. One of the benefits of store and forward is that it prevents some erroneous frames from spreading in the network and takes up valuable network resources,At the

31、 same time also can well prevent the network congestion caused by packet loss when data link saturation can store and forward will not be able to forward the data to be put on the transceiver in the cache, and then wait for the forwarding network is idle. This not only reduces the possibility of dat

32、a conflict, but also ensures the reliability of data transmission, so the 10/100M fiber transceiver is suitable for working on the link which is not fixed on the speed. 1000M optical transceiver can work in physical layer or data link layer according to the actual need, and the two 1000M optical tra

33、nsceivers are available in the market.Classification by structure:Desktop (independent) optical transceiver: stand-alone user end deviceRack type (Modular) optical transceiver: installed in the sixteen slot chassis, centralized power supply modeAccording to the structure, it can be divided into desk

34、top (independent) optical transceiver and rack type fiber transceiver. Desktop type optical fiber transceiver suitable for single users, such as the single switch in the corridor. Frame type (Modular) optical transceiver is suitable for multiple users together, such as the center area of the room mu

35、st meet all switches within the district on the frame, used to facilitate the realization of unified management and supply of all type optical transceiver module, the current domestic housing for more than 16 slot products, namely a rack up with the 16 type optical transceiver module plug.Classifica

36、tion by management type:Unmanaged Ethernet optical fiber transceiver: plug and play, through the hardware switch setting port modeNetwork managed Ethernet optical transceiver: support for carrier level network managementAccording to network management, it can be divided into network management type

37、optical fiber transceiver and non network management type optical transceiver. Along with the network development to operation management direction, most operators hope all of their devices in the network can be remote network, optical fiber transceiver products and switch, router also gradually to

38、this direction. For the network management of the optical transceiver can be subdivided into the end of the network management and user end network management. Optical transceiver network management is the main office end frame type products, the management of master-slave structure, namely a main n

39、etwork management module series N from a network management module, management module from each regular consultation where it * sub frames all optical transceiver state information to the main pipe module submitted. The main network management module needs * network information inquire oneself on a

40、frame, on the other hand the need to collect all the information from the frame, and then summarize and submit to the network management server. For example, the OL200 series of network management optical transceiver products provided by Wuhan fire network support 1 (main) +9 (from) network manageme

41、nt structure, which can manage 150 optical transceivers at one time.End user management can be divided into three types: the first one is to run a protocol between the office and client devices, state information protocols are responsible for sending the client end to the Bureau, to deal with the st

42、ate information office equipment through CPU, and submitted to the network management server; second is the end of the optical fiber transceiver bureau can detected light power on the light, so when the light path problems according to the optical power to judge the fault on the fiber or the user eq

43、uipment; the third is the main control CPU optical transceiver installed in the client, the network management system can monitor the user terminal equipment working state it also can realize the remote configuration and restart. In the three kinds of user end network management methods, the first t

44、wo are strictly remote monitoring of the user device, and the third is the real remote network management. But because of the third way to add CPU to the user, which also increases the cost of the user device, so in terms of price, the first two ways will be more advantage. At present, most vendors

45、network management system is based on the SNMP network protocol development, support including Web, Telnet, CLI and other management methods. The management content includes configuring the working mode of the fiber transceiver,Monitor the module type, working state, chassis temperature, power suppl

46、y state, output voltage and output optical power of the optical transceiver. With the increasing demand of operators for equipment network management, it is believed that the network management of optical fiber transceivers will become more practical and intelligent.Classification by power source:Bu

47、ilt in power optical fiber transceiver: built in switching power supply for Telecom class power supplyExternal power supply fiber optic transceiver: external transformer power supply is more used in civil equipmentAccording to the power supply, it can be divided into two kinds of built-in power supp

48、ly and external power supply. Among them, the built-in switching power supply is the telecom class power supply, and the external transformer power supply is used in the civil equipment. The former has the advantage of being able to support a wide power supply voltage, realize voltage regulator, fil

49、ter and power protection equipment, external fault caused by mechanical contact; the latter has the advantage of small volume and cheap equipment.Characteristics of fiber optic transceiver:Optical transceivers typically have the following basic features:1. provide data transmission with ultra low la

50、tency.2. completely transparent to network protocols.3. using dedicated ASIC chip to achieve data line speed forwarding. Programmable ASIC brings many functions into one chip, which has the advantages of simple design, high reliability, low power consumption, and so on. It can make the equipment get

51、 higher performance and lower cost.4. frame type equipment can provide the hot swap function, easy to maintain and continuously upgrade. 5. network management equipment can provide network diagnosis, upgrade, status report, exception reporting and control functions, can provide a complete log and al

52、arm logs.6. equipment uses 1+1 power supply design, supports ultra wide power supply voltage, realizes the power supply protection and the automatic switching.7. supports ultra wide operating temperature range.8. supports complete transmission distance (0120 km).Vs optical fiber transceiver switch *

53、 * * *:The mentioned optical fiber transceiver, people often can not be compared with the optical fiber transceiver with the switch, here mainly to talk about relative to the optical fiber transceiver switch * * * * advantage.First of all, optical fiber transceiver and common switch in the price far

54、 more than the light switch * * * * cheap, especially some light switch plug light module in * * * * after losing a few even port, so you can make the operators reduce upfront investment to a great extent.Second, because the optical module of the switch has no uniform standard, so once the optical m

55、odule is damaged, it needs to replace the same module from the original factory, which brings great trouble to the later maintenance. But there are no problems in the interconnection between the devices of different manufacturers of optical fiber transceivers, so once damaged, it can be replaced by

56、other manufacturers products, so it is very easy to maintain.Also, optical fiber transceiver than the transmission distance of * * * * replacement products more complete. Of course, the light switch * * * * also has advantages in many aspects, such as unified management, unified power supply, will n

57、ot be discussed here.Development trend of optical fiber transceiver:In the continuous development and improvement of the fiber transceiver products, users also put forward many new requirements for the equipment.First of all, the current fiber optic transceiver products are not smart enough. For exa

58、mple, when the optical fiber transceiver broken, most of the products on the other side of the port will remain open, so the equipment such as routers, switches and other still will continue to contract to the port, resulting in data unreachable. Hope that the majority of equipment providers can rea

59、lize the automatic switching optical transceiver, when the light path DOWN off, automatic alarm to the port, and to prevent the upper equipment continue to the port to send data, enable redundant links to ensure uninterrupted services.Second, the optical transceiver itself should be better adapted t

60、o the actual network environment. In practical engineering, the use of fiber optic transceivers for places in the corridor or outdoor power supply, the situation is very complex, which requires each of the best equipment manufacturers to support the super wide supply voltage, in order to adapt to th

61、e power supply situation is not stable.At the same time due to weather conditions in many areas of the country there will be ultra high temperature and ultra low temperature, and the influence of lightning electromagnetic interference is actually exist, all of the transceiver outdoor equipment have

62、a great impact, which requires the equipment providers in key components of the circuit board and welding, and the structural design must be careful.In addition, in network management, users usually want all the network devices through a unified network management platform for remote management, whi

63、ch can be MIB library into the optical transceiver to the entire network management information database. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure the standardization and compatibility of network management information in product development.Fiber optic transceivers broke the 100M Ethernet cable limitat

64、ions in data transmission, rely on the exchange of high performance chip and large capacity cache, in real implementation of non blocking transmission and switching performance at the same time, also provides a balanced flow, isolation and detection error conflict and other functions, to ensure data

65、 transmission at high security and stability. So in a very long time in the optical fiber transceiver products will remain an indispensable part in the formation of real networks, fiber optic transceivers will believe in the high intelligence, high stability, low cost, management direction for further development.