Unit-6-Expanded-Sentence-(II)PPT课件

《Unit-6-Expanded-Sentence-(II)PPT课件》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Unit-6-Expanded-Sentence-(II)PPT课件（27页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、2021/6/712021/6/72nBesides relative clause, we can expand sentences with the help of participles.nParticiples refer to the ing and -ed forms of verbs, used for descriptive purposes.nUsually we call the ing form the present participle, and the ed form the past participle. 2021/6/73Finish the exercise

2、s in Page 75 and discuss the effects of using the ing and ed forms.Sentence1-2: use participles as attributes.Sentence 3-4: use participles to indicate simultaneous action.Sentence 5-6: use participles as absolute constructions.2021/6/74a. The crying girl picked up her broken piggy bank.b. The boy a

3、nd the girl, singing and dancing, went home together.When we use a verb to describe a noun, there must be a logical relationship between them: the noun either carries out the action or receive the action. If the noun carries out the action, it is the logical subject of the verb, and we should use th

4、e present participle. (-ing form); if the noun receives the action, it is the logical object of the verb, and we should use the past participle. (-ed form)2021/6/75a. The trembling old man stood by the broken window.b. Frightened by a strange noise downstairs, he went down slowly, holding his gun in

5、 his hand.c. Together the friends followed the trail, picking up the fallen raspberries as they went along.Lets see more sentences.Is there difference between the italicized word in sentence b and sentence a and c?2021/6/76As you might have noticed that, in sentence b, frightened and holding are not

6、 used alone. When a participle is used with other words to express a more complete idea, it becomes a participle phrase.Please read the sentences in Page 77 and identify the participles and explain their functions.2021/6/77A. present participles in different modes and aspects1. Watching the movie, t

7、he boy became very excited.2.Having watched the movie, the boy became very excited.3. Hurt in the game, Beckham may not be able to play in the coming World Cup match.4. Having been hurt in the game, Beckham stayed in hospital for about two weeks.2021/6/78FormFormMeaningMeaningSimple formdoingThe act

8、ion is carried out is carried out by the subject and takes place at the same time as at the same time as the predicate.Perfect aspectHaving doneThe action is carried out is carried out by the subject and takes place beforebefore the predicate.Passive voice(being) doneThe action is received by is rec

9、eived by the subject and takes place at the same time as at the same time as the predicate.Perfect aspect in Passive voiceHaving been doneThe action is received is received by the subject and takes place beforebefore the predicate.Finish the exercises in page 80.2021/6/79a. When seeing the teacher,

10、the boys stopped talking.b. Though living in a big house, she is still not satisfied.c. If caught cheating, youll be thrown out of school.Whats the difference between these sentences and the sentences we see before?2021/6/710We can sometimes put a conjunction before a participle to make the meaning

11、more colorful. Conjunctions can express the following meanings.Time: when, while, before, afterConcession: though, although, even ifCondition: if, when, unlessWhile chasing the cat, the dog hurt its feet.Though holding important positions and earning big money, he is not happy.When heated, this mate

12、rial will give off a very bad smell.Exercise in page 812021/6/711a. Education is a scientific process. Education requires conscientious planning.b. Education is a scientific process. It requires conscientious planning.c. Education is a scientific process which requires conscientious planning.d. Educ

13、ation is a scientific process, requiring conscientious planning.Creating concise sentences2021/6/712a. Mr. King went happily to his office, sang to himself and nodded to acquaintances he met.b. Mr. King went happily to his office, singing to himself and nodding to acquaintances he met.c. Singing to

14、himself and nodding to acquaintance he met, Mr. King went happily to his office.Producing more detailed sentences2021/6/713a. Sam jumped out of his chair, hearing a sudden loud crash at his gate.b. He slowly walked up to his house, checked his mailbox and opened his door, getting off the taxi.c. Ill

15、 have to stay in bed for a couple of days, hurt in car accident.d. The boys went happily to the movie, having finished their homework.Establishing clearer logic and correct the above sentences.2021/6/714Finish the exercises in Page 83 and page 842021/6/715(1) Hurt in the game, I will not be able to

16、go to your party tonight. (2) My best friend hurt in the game, I will not be able to go to your party tonight.b. (1) My grandma was sitting in her rocker, singing happily in the spring fragrance. (2) My grandma was sitting in her rocker, her radio singing happily in the spring fragrance.Tell the dif

17、ference between the two pairs of sentences.2021/6/716 These participles have a logical subject different from that of the sentence. What is absolute construction or absolute?In English, participle phrases used with their own logical subjects are called absolutes.2021/6/717a. The man stood in the str

18、eet corner, his hands put in his pockets.b. The man stood in the street corner, hands put in his pockets.c. The man stood in the street corner, hands in his pockets.Different forms of absolutes2021/6/718 From this example, we may get a conclusion, that is, an absolute construction may appear in thre

19、e forms:1) determiner+ n. +participle verb+ other parts of the participle phrase2) n.+ participle verb +other parts of the participle phrase3) n.+ other parts of the participle phrase2021/6/719a. The manager sat quietly in his office, his eyes closed.b. The manager sat quietly in his office, a cigar

20、ette burning in his hands.c. Sam walked slowly off the playground, his face streaked with tears.d. Sam walked slowly off the playground, his left leg bleeding.Absolutes add details, and make sentences much more vivid.2021/6/720a. His notebook stolen, Larry is certain to fail in the coming exam.b. Wa

21、llet lost, I had to go home on foot.c. His housework done, the night movie having ended, Mr. Strong could do nothing but go to bed.Indicating cause-effect relationship2021/6/721Exercises: please finish exercise 1 and 2 in Page 86.2021/6/722Expanding sentences means that we are cramming more ideas in

22、to one sentence. Therefore when we write long sentences, we should tell readers where to pause, as well as what the relationship is between the ideas in a sentences.2021/6/723a. He heard laughter inside the house, no one answered the bell.b. The boy was scolded, he banged the door and ran out.c. Nob

23、ody will buy these computer books, they are too expensive.The writer divides ideas with commas. However, because a comma is too weak to indicate the relationship between the ideas, such sentences are not accepted.2021/6/724a. Garfield decides to stop eating too much sweet food he does not want to di

24、e of heart attack.b. The examination was cancelled the whole class were very disappointed.c. I dont like Shanghai food it is too sweet.A fused sentence is even more worse than a comma-split sentence: there is no indication of the division of ideas at all.2021/6/7251.using a comma and a conjunction l

25、ike and, but, yet, etc.;Turning one idea into a subordinate clause with if, when, although, because, etc.;Using participles and absolutes;Using punctuation marks that are strong enough, like colon (:) and semicolon (;).2021/6/726Homework: write an ending for the stories in page 93 Exercise 3 in about 100 words. Try to use participles and absolutes.部分资料从网络收集整理而来，供大家参考，感谢您的关注！