定语从句 (3)

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1、定语从句定语从句概念概念:在句子中起定语作用修饰在句子中起定语作用修饰名词名词或或代词的从句代词的从句. Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl who has long hair.形容词作定语形容词作定语句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰girl, 叫做叫做定语从句定语从句Mary is a girl sitting at the front door._分词短语作定语分词短语作定语先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句Mary is a girl who has long hair.关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词事，物：事，物：which, that

2、 ， whose, as 人：人：who, whom, whose, that，as地点：地点：where时间：时间：when原因：原因：whyThis is the best film that I have seen.关系词关系词引导定语从句引导定语从句代替先行词代替先行词在从句中担当一个成分在从句中担当一个成分关系词的作用关系词的作用 1 23who, whom, whose, that用法用法区别区别.who 作定语从句的作定语从句的主语或宾语主语或宾语.作作宾语可省略宾语可省略 The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.Th

3、e man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting. 分解分解作主语作主语Whom 作定语从句的作定语从句的宾语宾语(作宾语作宾语可省略可省略,如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省) The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.分解分解作宾语作宾语The man whom you met just now is my friend.He is the man whom we can

4、 depend on.He is the man on whom we can depend.whose 作定语从句的作定语从句的定语定语. I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解分解I know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.作定语作定语 eg: We should take good care of the old man whose son lost his life for the people .2.Do you know the man _?A. whom I spoke B. to

5、who I spoke C. whom I spoke to D. that I spoke1.YaoMing is a famous basketball star _is playing in the NBA.A.whose B.who C. what D.which3.The boss, _ restaurant I am serving in, is a kindhearted man. A. in which B.whose C. where D. which Whose 用法及转换形式用法及转换形式1. whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词

6、短语。构成名词短语。Thats the child whose father is a teacher.This is a book whose cover is green.2. .whose引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物。以指人，还可以指物。 3. whose的先行词指物时的先行词指物时, 可用可用of which代替代替, 但词序有变化，但词序有变化，即即whose+名词名词=the +n + of which =of which + the + nHe lives in the room whose window faces south.=

7、He lives in the room, faces south.= He lives in the room, faces south.the window of which of which the window (05天津卷天津卷) 1. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from_ effects the people are still suffering.A.that B. whose C those D. what链接高考链接高考(06福建卷福建卷 ) 2. Look out ! Don t get

8、 too close to the house _ roof is under repair.A. whose B. which C. of which D. that 3. The river _ are covered with trees is very long. A. which banks B. of which banks C. whose the banks D. the banks of which= the banks of the riverthe which 指物，作主语或宾语指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省作宾语可省 略略, 如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省) T

9、hese are the trees which/that were planted last year.This recorder （which/that） he is using is made in Japan. Is this the library (which/that) you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you borrow books?The scientist _ we met yesterday is very famous in the world. (2) The dress is new. She

10、 is wearing it.The dress_ she is wearing is new. who whom that that which when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词介词+ 关系代词（关系代词（which）”。Ill never forget the day when I joined the league. .on which= I still remember the day _ she first wore that pink dress.A.which B. in which C. on that D. on which when

11、November, _ youll be in your hometown, is coming.A. which B. that C. when D. wherein whichwhere在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词介词+ 关系代词（关系代词（which）”。This is the house where I lived two years ago.=in whichIs this the museum _ some German friends paid a visit last Wednesday ?A. that B. where C. in wh

12、ich D. the oneI went back to the factory_ I had worked for 10 years.A.that B.on which C.in which D. whichwhereto whichwhy在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词介词for+关系代词（关系代词（which）”。Do you know the reason why she was late.for which=when，where，why = 介词介词+关系代词关系代词1.1.限制性与非限制性定语从句限制性与非限制性定语从句2.2.只能用只能用that

13、that或不能用或不能用thatthat的情况的情况3.3.介词加关系代词引导的定语从句介词加关系代词引导的定语从句4.4.先行词是表示时间或地点等的词先行词是表示时间或地点等的词5.as5.as与与whichwhich引导的定语从句区分引导的定语从句区分6.6.其他（特殊名词，主谓一致，其他（特殊名词，主谓一致， 与其他从句区别等）与其他从句区别等）1.All the books ,_have pictures ,have been sent to them. A.which B.that C.不填不填 D.whose2. In the dark street, there wasnt si

14、ngle person _she could turn to for help. A. that B. who C.不填不填 D.whom3.This is Mr. Smith ,_I think has something interesting to tell us. A. whom B. who C. that D./1. This is all _ I know about the matter. A. that B. what C. who D. whether2. Is there anything else _ you require? A. which B. that C. w

15、ho D. what只能用只能用that的情况的情况先行词为先行词为all, little, much, everything, nothing, something, anything, few, a lot, none, the one, any, some等不定代词时，关系代词等不定代词时，关系代词用用thatthat4. He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school. A. which B. that C. it D. whom5. There is no dictiona

16、ry _ you can use.A. that B. which C. where D. in that6. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it7. Which was the hotel _ was recommended to you? A. that B. which C. where D. it先行词为先行词为人和物的人和物的组合组合先行词被先行词被all, little, much, every, no, last, any, some, few等修等修饰时饰时先行词被序数词或最

17、高级修饰或先行先行词被序数词或最高级修饰或先行词前词前the last, the very, the only , just,right等时。等时。若主句中有疑问代词若主句中有疑问代词 who 或或者者 which，为了避免重复，为了避免重复, 关关系代词不要再用系代词不要再用 who, which，而用而用 that。8. She is no longer the girl_ she used to be. A. who B. that C. which D. whom先行词充当表语，或先行词充当表语，或关系代词本身作从句关系代词本身作从句的表语时，用的表语时，用that二二 只能用只能用w

18、hich的情况的情况:1,逗号后面逗号后面 2,介词后面介词后面2. The day _ he was born was Aug .20 ,1952.A. on which B that C which D. this1.Do you know the things and persons _ they are talking about? A.that B.which C.who D.whom2.Do you have anything _ you want to say for yourself? A.that B.which C.who D.whose 5.The man _ I spo

19、ke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling.A.whom B.to who C.to that D.to whom 4.This is the very book _ Im looking for. A.that B.which C.who D.whose3.I am reading Harry Porter, _is an interesting book. A.that B.which C.who D.whose介词介词+关系代词关系代词 提醒提醒: 介词关系代词引导的定语从句介词关系代词引导的定语从句, 关键是介词的选择关键是

20、介词的选择. 1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles?2. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which Im sure. 3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：，请体会：e.g. 1949 was the year in which the Peoples Republ

21、ic of China was founded.Is this the book (which/that) you are looking for ? 此时关系代词只能用此时关系代词只能用which 或或 whom; 不可用不可用that 或或who 代替代替.1.Do you like the book_she spent $10? 2.Do you like the book_she paid $10?3.Do you like the book_she learned a lot? 4.Do you like the book_she often talks? on whichfor w

22、hichfrom whichabout whichegHe was educated at the local high school, _ he went on to Beijing University. Aafter which Bafter thatCin which Dat that1Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _ wanted to buy it.(2007安徽卷安徽卷) Anone of them Bboth of them Cnone of whom Dneither of whom2.Villag

23、ers here depend on the fishing industry,_ there wont be much workA.where B.that C.by which D.without which3.We went through a period _communications were very difficult in the Rural(乡村乡村) areas.A. which B.whose C.in which D.with which4.I saw a woman running toward me in the dark.Before I could recog

24、nize who she was，she had run back in the direction _ she had come. A.of which B.by which C.in which D.from which1.Ill never forget the days_we worked together. 2.Ill never forget the days _we spent together.3.I went to the place_ I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ag

25、o. 5.This is the reason _ he was late. 6.This is the reason _ he gave.when /in whichwhich/thatwhere/ in whichwhich/thatwhy/ for whichwhich/that2.Look out! Dont get too close to the house _ roof(顶顶) is under repair. AwhoseBwhichCof whichDthat3.I walked in our garden, _ Tom and Jim were tying a big si

26、gn onto one of the trees. Awhich Bwhen Cwhere Dthat1.Do you still remember the chicken farm we visited three months ago? Awhere Bwhen Cthat Dwhat4.Chans restaurant on Baker Street, _ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. Athat Bwhich Cwho Dwhere5.Some pre-school children go to a day c

27、are center, _ they learn simple games and songs. A. then B. there C. while D. where相同点：相同点：两者均能用在非限制性定语从句中，代表整个主句两者均能用在非限制性定语从句中，代表整个主句（或主句的一部分）内容。（或主句的一部分）内容。eg: The weather turned out to be very good, which/as was more than we could expect. 不同点：不同点：1.as有有“正如正如那样那样” “就像就像” 之意，而之意，而which 没有。没有。2.as引

28、导的定语从句可以放在主句前，也可放在主句后，引导的定语从句可以放在主句前，也可放在主句后， 而而which 只能放在主句后。只能放在主句后。3.as可用于可用于the same as ,suchas 之类的固定句之类的固定句 型中，而型中，而which 不能。不能。4.也有人认为也有人认为as引导的定语从句意义积极，而引导的定语从句意义积极，而which意义消极，意义消极，甚至含有贬义。甚至含有贬义。1._I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting. A.WhenB.After C.

29、AsD.Since2. Ive bought the same dress _ she is wearing. A. as B. that C. which D. than 3._is known to everybody ,the moon travels around the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What4.Keep away from such persons_ will do harm to you. A. who B. that C. as D. like5._is often the case, we hav

30、e worked out the production plan.AWhichBWhenCWhen DAs6.Bamboo is hollow（空的）（空的）, _ made it very light. A. as B. which C. that D. soThis is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.This is such an interesting book _we all like it.This is so interesting a book

31、 _we all like it.asthatPlease complete the following sentences and compare:asthat这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句定语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句结果状语从句)ititas that名词：名词：situation, scene, point, case-状语状语 where/ in whichthe way -状语状语 (that/ in which/-) 1) Hes got himself into a dangero

32、us situation _he is likely to lose control over the plane A. where B. which C. while D. why2).The way_ he worked out the practice is simple3).The way_ he explained to us is simple. A. that B. in which C. which D.ABDACD定语从句中主定语从句中主谓一致问题谓一致问题 定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的的先行词先行词保持一致保持一致。1.I

33、am not one who _afraid of difficulty2.Don t choose me, who _not fit for this job am is isam 定语从句和名定语从句和名词性从句、强调词性从句、强调结构等的区别结构等的区别The earth is round. _is known to all.The earth is round, _ is known to all._ is known to all, the earth is round._ is known to all that the earth is round. It What Which

34、Asitas/which AsIt定语从句在句首时只能用定语从句在句首时只能用as简单句简单句定语从句定语从句主语从句主语从句A 1. It was the store_ I bought the gift. 2. It was in the store_ I bought the gift.B 1.The news _ he told me was very surprising. 2. The news_ she married an old man was very surprising.C 1. Please make a mark_ you have a question. 2. P

35、lease make a mark at the place_ you have a questionwherethatthatwhichthatwherewhere 定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句状语从句状语从句定语从句定语从句强调句型强调句型定语从句定语从句where that whichD. 1.He failed in the exam. _ made his parents angry. 2.He failed in the exam, _made his parents angry. E. 1.He has two sons. Both of _ are teachers.

36、2.He has two sons, both of _ are teachers.Itwhichwhomthem thatIt which them whom 定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句简单句简单句简单句简单句1. You can only be sure of _ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _ you might get in the future. ( 07安徽安徽) A. that; what B. what; that C. which; that D. /; that 链接高考链接高考 2. Th

37、e place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be_ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. (05江苏卷江苏卷) A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which 定语从句定语从句宾语从句宾语从句定语从句定语从句表语从句表语从句主从句，非限制性定语从句主从句，非限制性定语从句并列句并列句CD 4. Was it in the restaurant in _ you had dinner with m

38、e yesterday _you left behind your wallet? A. whichwhen B. whichthat C. wherethat D. thatwhereB定语从句定语从句强调句型强调句型总结定语从句解题思路总结定语从句解题思路 找出先行词，看先行词是人，找出先行词，看先行词是人， 是物，还是时间，地点等，以确定关系是物，还是时间，地点等，以确定关系 词的范围；词的范围； 找出定语从句，把先行词带找出定语从句，把先行词带入，还原定语从句，看先行词在定语从句中入，还原定语从句，看先行词在定语从句中做的成分（即定语从句所缺成分），以确定具做的成分（即定语从句所缺成分

39、），以确定具体该用哪个关系代词或关系副词。体该用哪个关系代词或关系副词。1.看先行词看先行词。2.看定语从句。看定语从句。1(09全国全国1)Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneof_Ihadevermetbefore. A.themB.whoC.whomD.these2(09全国全国2)Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,_wasverykindofhim. A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it3(北京北京)-Whatdoyouthinkofteaching,Bob? -Ifinditfunandchallenging.Iti

40、sajob_ youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting. A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that4.IwasborninNewOrleans,Louisiana,acity_ namewillcreateapictureofbeautifultreesandgreen grassinourmind. （09湖南）湖南） A.whichB.ofwhich C.thatD.whose5(09陕西陕西)Guncontrolisasubject_Americanshave arguedforalongtime.A.ofwhichB.withwhi

41、chC.aboutwhichD.intowhich6(09重庆重庆)Lifeislikealongrace_wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves. A.whyB.whatC.thatD.where7(09山东山东)WheneverImether,_wasfairlyoften,shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.A.whoB.whichC.whenD.that8(09福建福建)Itshelplfultoputchildreninasituation_theycanseethemselvesdifferently. A.thatB.wh

42、enC.whichD.where 9.Manychildren,_parentsareawayworkinginbigcities,aretakengoodcareofinthevillage.（09安徽）安徽） A.theirB.whoseC.ofthemD.withwhom 10(09江西江西)ThehouseIgrewup_hasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding. A.initB.inC.inthatD.inwhich11(09辽宁辽宁)Theyvewontheirlastthreematches,_ Ifindabitsurprisingactually. A.thatB.whenC.whatD.which12.Ihavereachedapointinmylife_Iam supposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.（09浙江）浙江） A.whichB.whereC.howD.why13.（2008江苏卷）江苏卷）24. The Science Museum, _ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions. A. which B. what C. that D. where