2022年高考英语一轮复习主题训练七创新与创业意识含解析.docx

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1、主题训练（七）创新与创业意识大阅读一一提升阅读速度-内化读文规律（满分70分，限时55分钟）I .阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）AOn the outside, Noa Mintz is a typical teen. But while other teens arc chatting about games and clothes, Noa i s texting the manager she hired to run her growl ng business.Noa has been heading up her own nanny （保姆）agency since

2、August 2012. She hired Al 1 ison Johnson in 2014 to oversee day- to-day business operations while she attended her freshman year of high school. She rents a room in an office building in Midtown Manhattan where Johnson works.Like any teen, Noa has had to depend on her parents for some help. Her fath

3、er is the registered owner of her business. Hes helped front money for legal fees. But Nannies by Noa is all her brainchild. The idea came about as a result of a challenge made by her mother： Find a better nanny for their family.She did just that, and then she started helping her mother，s friends fi

4、nd nannies. I found it fun to get to know a family and their needs and find a nanny accordingly, she said. Thus, Nannies by Noa was born. It was the summer of 2012, before she entered 7th grade.She1 s designed a thorough review process: an application, an in-person interview with a trained nanny, re

5、ference and background check and a phone interview. Her business has seen a considerable success: from 50 clients （客户）to 2,000 clients today.At first, she charged $100 to $200. I wasn* t charging enough. Even clients would say, You realize you should be charging way, way more, added Noa, whose c 1 i

6、ents are mostly looking for long- term help. Shes since changed her business model: Nannies by Noa now takes a percentage of the overall rate, which is typically 15% of the nanny，s first year salary.While Noa said she has other business ideas, she also wouldn， t rule out other careers. Perhaps V 11

7、start another company. We will see, said Noa.语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章介绍了一位青少年创业成功的故事。1. How does Johnson help Noa? they can find joy in the most 38 places where they have to stay. The 39_ of a six-year-old girl with a serious disease 40_ to be the most high-spirited sound in the room.语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，通过讲述护上C

8、hristie Watson的经历来诠释 良好护理的艺术在于护士要拥有纯粹的善良。21. A. doctorB. nurseC. patient1). carer解析：选B根据下文可知，Christie Watson是一名护士。22. (衡水中学 2022 中考模拟)A, professional B. complexC. vitalD. abundant解析：选C根据句意可知，2()年的护理工作教会Watson生物学和化学的知识固然很 重要(vital),但是好的护理在于(lies in)护士的纯粹的善良。故选C。23. (华中师大附中2022中考模拟)A. adapts to B. res

9、ults inC. responds to1). lies in解析：选D参见上题解析。adapt to 适应”；result in “导致” ：respond to “回 答”。24. (xx 第一中学 2022 中考模拟)A. fed B. donatedC. suppliedD. bought解析：选 A 根据空后的tiny spoonfuls of yoghurt. as a child可知，当 Watson 小时候因过敏性反应而被送进医院治疗(hospitalized)时，一名护士一小勺一小勺地喂(fed) 酸奶给她吃。25. (实验中学 2022中考模拟)A. abandoned

10、B.separatedC. hospitalizedD.rejected解析：选C参见上题解析。26. A.calmB.smilesC. tearsD.sleep解析：选D根据空前的“Watsons newborn son”和空后的“at 2 am”可知，此处 表示护士凌晨唱歌哄Watson刚刚出生的儿子睡觉(sleep)。27. A.appointmentB. shiftC. attendanceD. operation解析：选B根据语境和常识可知，护士工作一般实行轮班制，此处表示护士在轮班 (shift)结束后，带着杯提神的咖啡又回到病房看望Watson的儿子，以此来彰显护士的勤 恳与善良

11、，突显护士对Watson以后职业选择的影响。B. how28. A.whatC. why1). because解析：选C根据空前的内容可知，这里解释了 Watson为什么(why)花费她职业生涯的大部分时间照顾重病的孩子。29. A.smokyB. sourC. fragrantD. damp解析：选A根据下文的“hurt in a fire可知，小女孩的头发有烟熏味(smoky)。 sour “酸的” ；fragrant “芳香的” ；damp “潮湿的”。30. A.decisionB. struggleC. intentionD. reaction解析：选B 根据空后的to deal w

12、ith mentally ill patients”可知，她努力应对 精神不正常的病人。31. A. harderB. softerC. healthierC. healthierD. straighter解析：选A根据语境可知，此处表示护土的骨头随着她目睹(witnesses)的一起乂一 起严重的病例而变得越来越坚硬(harder),即护士因目睹了太多的病例而变得愈加坚强。B. settles32. (衡水中学2022中考模拟)A. researchesC. discoversC. discoversD.witnesses解析：选D参见上题解析。33. A. afterB.unlessC.

13、asD.although解析：选C然而，当(as)她打开手术室的门时,她的手总是会颤抖。34. （xx 第一中学 2022 中考模拟）A. evidenceB. reminderC. impressionC. impressionD.warning解析：选B根据空后的the random nature of life可知，手术室对她来说是人生无常的提醒(reminder)。35.(实验中学2022中考模拟)A. failB. fixC. stopD. function解析：选A根据空后的“whose roof will fall down可知，此处表示我们不知道谁的刹车会失灵(fail)o此处

14、fail对应空后的“fall down。36. A.realizeB. predictC. understandI）, challenge解析：选 B 根据上文的the random nature of life to her. We cannot know whosebrakes will，and whose roof will fall down可知，人生无常,我们不能预测和控制这些事。37. A. treatmentB. satisfactionC. comfortD. respect解析：选C根据空后的“ reduces their pain 可知,Was ton的善良给了病人们安慰

15、（comfort）,减轻了他们的痛苦。38. A.unfriendlyB. unfairC. unforgettableD. unlikely解析：选I）根据空后的“where they have to stay”和语境可知，因为Watson的善 良，使得病人们在最不可能（unlikely）发现快乐的地方（即他们不得不待的医院）发现快 乐。39. A.laughterB. breathC. sob1）. shout解析：选A根据上文的“joy”和下文的the most high-spirited sound可知， 这里应该表示一个患重病的六岁小女孩的笑声（laughter）结果成了病房中最有生

16、气的声音。40. A. figures outB. makes outC. brings outD. turns out解析：选D参见上题解析。turn out “结果是，证明是。精表达一一夯实语言基础-提升表达能力1. 单词拼写1. As a result of global warming, weather patterns （模式）have changed in recent years.2. （衡水中学 2022 中考模拟）He won a scholarship （奖学金）to California State University by working hard.3. The ga

17、rdener cut off many branches （枝条）from the tree.4. （xx 第一中学 2022 中考模拟）He is such a person that he likes teasing（戏弄）his colleagues.5. （实验中学 2022 中考模拟）The exhibition sponsored （举办）by the Society of Culture was a success.6. She helps transform （转换）literature into braille to bring the power of story and

18、knowledge to the hearts and minds of blind readers.7. Al 1 the participants can get what they want. Meanwhile, they exchange（交 换）ideas and feelings with each other, through which they probably acquire more knowledge.8. Any behaviour that is repeated enough times wi11 evenlually （最后）become a habit an

19、d happen automatically.II .单句语法填空1. (2022 天津高考)We are desperately (desperate) in need of your help.2. (衡水中学 2022 中考模拟)(2022 -江苏高考)Wild camping is illegal (legal) in England.3. There are actually healthier ways that can work just as effectively (effect).4. (xx 第一中学 2022 中考模拟)One day, this approach th

20、rew me into embarrassment (embarrass).5. (实验中学 2022 中考模拟)Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office felt their jobs were less stressful (stress) and more satisfying.6. And it was a cold Apri 1 day. The bear behaved abnormal y (abnormal), probably because of hunger.7. You mus

21、t remind him t。 take (take) his medicine, in case he forgets.8. After taking some photos, they stopped at the top of the hill t。admi re (admire) the scenery.9. I must make an apology (apologize) to him for not going to his party.10. (北师大附中 2022 中考模拟)He hurt me deeply and begged me to forgive him for

22、 his actions.in.完成句子1. I am sure that I can perfectly live up to your expectations.我相信，我完全不会辜负您的期望。2. (衡水中学 2022 中考模拟)The most obvious problem with our class is lack of interaction and teamwork.我们班级中最明显的问题是缺乏交流和团队精神。3 . After learning what situation I was in, my teacher, Michael encouraged me to tep

23、 out pf trouble bravely and confidently.得知我的情况后，我的老师Michael鼓励我勇敢并充满自信地走出困境。4. (xx 第一中学 2022 中考模拟)I suggest we should communiceite with our friendsfacetofaceinstead of sending text message so tha( wc can maintain our friendship.我建议我们应该与朋友们面对面交流而不是发送信息，以便我们能够保持我们的友谊。5. (实验中学 2022 中考模拟)Faced with a tou

24、gh job market, fresh graduates are dreaming of running their own businesses instead.面对严峻的就业市场，应届毕业生正梦想着自己创业。IV.书面表达假定你是李华，前不久在汉服设计大赛上获奖。你的英国朋友Peter将参加他学校举办 的服装表演赛，来信邀请你暑期加入他们的设计小组，而你因故无法加入。请根据以下要点 给他回信：1. 表示感谢；2. （衡水中学2022中考模拟）说明拒绝原因；3. 表达祝福。注意：1.词数100左右；2. （衡水中学2022中考模拟）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇:服装表演赛th

25、e Fashion Show Competition参考范文：Dear Peter,Many theinks for your last letter, kindly inviting me to join your team to take part in the Fashion Show Competition to be held in your school.Much to my disappointment, I shall not be able to honour the invitation because I have been suffering from i 11 hea

26、lth these days. I am firmly advised that it should be unwise to undertake any distant travel in the near future. I feel very sorry to miss the opportunity of meeting you and many other fellows as well as improving mysel f.I wish your competition a complete success and express my regret again.Yours,L

27、i HuaA. She rents an office for Noa.B. She helps operate Noa* s business.C. She tutors Noa in her school lessons.I）. She puts money into Noas nanny agency.解析：选B 细节解理题。根据第二段中的“She hired Allison Johnson in 2014 to oversee day- to-day business operations, 可知,Allison Johnson 是 Noa 为处理公司业 务膊请的总经理。2. （衡水中

28、学 2022 中考模拟）What do we know about Nannies by Noa?A. It was the idea of Noas mother.B. It was legally registered by Noa.C. It aims to match nannies vi th fanii lies.D. It offers nanny jobs for high school students.解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“ * I found it fun to get to know a family and their needs and find

29、a nanny accordingly, she said. Thus, Nannies by Noa was born”可知，Nannies by Noa为有需求的家庭匹配合适的保姆。3. What change did Noa make to her business model?A. She hired trained nannies.B. She raised nannies salaries.C. She increased the service fee.D. She interviewed applicants in person.解析：选C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，

30、Noa提高了佣金费，从原来每 笔收费100到200美元提高到按照保姆第一年工资的15%进行收费。4. （xx 第一中学 2022 中考模拟）What can we learn from Noas story?A. Fame is a great thirst of the young.B. A youth is to be regarded with respect.C. A good idea and action result in success.0. Success means getting family needs satisfied.解析：选C推理判断题。文章介绍了青少年Noa

31、Mintz敢想敢做，最终创业成功的故 事。她的故事告诉我们：好的商业设想+敢想敢干的精神=成功。BBeing able to take advantage of truly unlimited data is a smartphone user* s dream, but everyone Ive talked to about 5G is more excited about the usage unlocked by next-generat ion wireless devices. From smart home security to self-driving cars, al 1

32、the Internet-connected equipment in your 1 ife wi 11 be able to talk to each other at lightning-fast speed with reduced latency （延迟）.5G is one of those forerunners, along with artificial intelligence, of this coming data age, said Steve Koenig, senior director of market research for the Consumer Tec

33、hnology Association. uSelf-driving vehicles are emblematic in this data age they show application of data completely. With one single task, driving, you have large amounts of data coming from the vehicle itself, and a variety of sensors （传感器）are collecting a lot of information to model its environme

34、nt as it moves. Its pulling in data from other vehicles about conditions down the road. There* s lots of data behind that task, which is why we need the speed and lower latency. MAR glasses and virtual （虚拟 H 勺）real i ty headphones havent yet been inside the mainstream, but tech companies are joyfull

35、y laying that such equipment will eventually replace our smartphones. With 5G, that could actually happen. This is notable because companies such as Apple are reportedly developing AR glasses to improve 一 or even repkice 一 smartphones.Ericsson showed at February1s Mobile World Congress in 2022 how s

36、mart glasses could become faster and lighter with a 5G connection, because instead of being weighed down with components, the glasses could rely on outside equipment for processing power.But dont get too excited. Theres still a lot of work to be done in the meantime, including some necessary testing

37、 to make sure the radio plays nicely with basic systems and service construction so that 5G isnt concentrated only in big cities.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。有了 5G,从智能家居安全到自动驾驶汽车，生活中所 有联网的设备将能够以闪电般的速度彼此通信，减少延迟。5G能够使自动驾驶汽车成为现 实，并且有可能使得AR眼镜取代智能手机。5. （实验中学 2022 中考模拟）What does the first paragraph focus on?A. The super

38、 speed of 5G.B. Potential of 5G.C. Usage of smart equipment.D. The future of smart equipment.解析：选B段落大意题。第一段中的关键信息everyone Ive talked to about 5G is more excited about the usage .all the Internet-connected equipment暗示 5G 将会有很多用途，其潜力无穷。6. Wh i ch word can rep 1 ace emblematic under Ii ned in Paragraph

39、 2?A. Available.B. Productive.C. Symbolic.D. Popular.解析：选C词义猜测题。根据画线词上文中的5G is one of those forerunners, along with artificial intel 1 igence, of this coming data agen 和下文中的 uthey show application of data completelyM可分析,5G是即将到来的数据时代的预兆，因而运用 了 5G技术并充分利用数据的自动驾驶汽车自然就成了这个数据时代的象征，故symbolic（象 征性的）与画线词意思相近

40、。7. What is tech companies attitude towards the replacement of smartphones?A. Uncertain.B. Optimistic.C. Cautious.D. Disapproving.解析：选B观点态度题。根据第三段中提到的but tech companies are joyful ly laying that such equipment will eventually replace our smartphones. With 5G, that could actually happen . smartphones

41、n可推断,这些科技公司的态度是“乐观的”, 故选项B正确。8. Why does much work still need to be done according to the last paragraph?A. To make radio play nicely.B. To construct big 5G cities.C. To do 5G trials effectively.D. To expand 5G coverage fully.解析：选I）推理判断题。由最后一段中的Mincluding . so that 5G isnt concentrated only in big c

42、ities”说明，基础系统和服务建设还没有铺设到位，为了避 免5G只集中在一些大城市，还需要加大这些工作的投入，以便将来全面扩大5G的覆盖范围。CuMirror mirror on the wall, who5 s the fairest of them all? An old tale tel Is a seemingly unbelievable story of a magic mirror, but now the magic is no longer unachievable.In August 2022, news went viral （广为传播的）that the police

43、 had caught criminal suspects who cittended Chinese singer Jacky Cheungs concerts. How did the police pick out the suspects among thousands of screaming fans? The helping hand is Al facial recognition technology. The low-key yet powerful tool is no longer far-fetched, but entering the world of China

44、5 s top investors and companies.Facial recognition is a technology able to identify a person from a digital image or a frame from a video source. Tang Wcnbin, CTO of Face + + , an Al computer vision（视觉）technology company in China, vividly explained the work flow. According to him, facial recognition

45、 is the ident i f icat ion of our appearance, including knowing the sex, age and identity of a person. You may think it is like a brain or a neural network. You use data to train it, and then, it learns the pattern.Eac i a 1 recogni tion technology has been traditionally allied wi th the security wo

46、rk but today there is active expansion into other industries including mobile phones, marketing and finance. Chinese start-ups have seen the potential of Al facial recogni tion for simp）ifying and speeding up tasks in multiple industries. And the market is now crowded and competitive.China is starti

47、ng the Al revolution and has made breakthroughs in facial recognition. If applying Al to different industries is a marathon, the companies there probably have just got off the blocks, said Tian Feng, director of Alibaba Cloud Research Center. He also thinks that in the future, everybody will be able

48、 to use Al as it will soon become a basic tool for work and life.语篇解读：本文是科普说明文，讲述了人工智能中面部识别技术在中国的发展和应用现 状。9. Why is the news mentioned in Paragraph 2?A. To introduce a new tool for companies.B. To show the magic has become a reality.C. To prove old tales are based on true stories.D. To describe the

49、background of facial recognition.解析:选B推理判断题。第一段引入童话故事里的“魔镜”，第一段结尾提到“but now the magic is no longer unachievable,紧接着第二段就以实例证明“魔镜”确实不再 是难以实现的幻想了，因此，第二段说明现代技术把童话故事里的“魔镜”变成了现实。10. （北师大附中 2022 中考模拟）Which of the following best explains “allied with underlined in Paragraph 4?A. Dependent on.B. Compared wit

50、h.C. Different from.D. Related to.解析：选D词义猜测J题。根据画线部分所在句中的“traditionally . security work” 和后面的转折but today there is active expansion into other industries including mobile phones, marketing and finance可知，传统上，面部识别一*直都与安 全方面的工作有关，但是现在这一技术扩展到了其他行业。故画线部分应表示“与有关 联”，故选D。11. What do Tian Fengs words imply?A.

51、 Many companies in China are researching A【.B. Al plays a key role in companies* development.C. Al technology applied now is far from mature.D. Al technology will bo used in marathons one day.解析：选C 句意理解题。根据Tian Feng的话If applying Al to different industries is a marathon, the companies there probably

52、have just got off the blocks 可知，如果把将人工智能技术应用到不同行业中比作一场马拉松，那么这些公司可能处于刚 起跑的阶段，即人工智能技术现阶段的发展还远远不够成熟。12. （衡水中学 2022 中考模拟）What can be a suitable title for the text?A. The eye of Al in ChinaB. Effects of Al technologyC. Breakthroughs of Chinese technologyD. Facial recognition in security解析：选A标题归纳题。结合文章内容可

53、知，本文主要讲了人工智能技术中面部识别 技术在中国的发展和应用。DTrailers （预告片）shouldnt really be a hard thing to do: show some footage （镜 头），get people excited, but don51 give too much away. Its a practice that some movies struggle to do, with many either getting too enthusiastic about showing their big plot points, and others si

54、mply not catching the magic of the movie. Considering that humans struggle with this practice so much, the folks over the 20th Century Fox decided to see what a computer could do, tasking IBMs Watson, the supercomputer, with cutting together footage from the upcoming sci-fi thriller, Morgan, to crea

55、te the final trailer. IBM* s Watson has done many things; beat human competitors in quiz shows, created reserved recipes and described the contents of photos. Now it has become the first-ever Al to produce a film, trailer for the new sci-fi film. The result was actually surprisingly good.Using Watso

56、ns experimental learning techniques, IBMs cutting edge Al sorted out hundreds of classic thriller trailers to learn what exactly gets an audience to that special place of being both scared and entertained. With that knowledge firmly in place, Watson processed the entire Morgan movie, selecting the 1

57、0 most thri1 ling and frightening moments to cut together into a trailer.“Watson was able to model the scenes visually in order to determine: Was a scene scary? Was it a tender moment? Was there sadness, or happiness? said IBM* s JohnSmi th.Although a human editor was still needed to slice the scene

58、s together to tell a coherent story, the Al shortened the process down to only 24 hours when it typiceilly takes around 10 to 30 days to complete a trailer. Still, its a great impressive achievement, which the likes of Terminator Genisys could perhaps learn from in the future.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，由Watson成功

59、制作恐怖片的预告片引出对人工智能的 介绍和展望。13. What does the author think is amazing according to the text?A. Human editors taking 30 days to make a trailer.B. The 20th Century Fox having produced a thriller.C. IBMs Watson having created a trailer for a thriller.D. Humans being able to learn from machines in the futur

60、e.解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据第一段的 w tasking IBM* s Watson, the supercomputer, with cutting together footage from the upcoming sci-fi thri1ler, Morgan, to create the final trailerw 和The result was actually surprisingly good.可知，作者认 为令人惊叹的是Watson成功制作了恐怖片的预告片，故C项正确。14. （xx 第一中学 2022 中考模拟）What did IBM researchers do

61、 before Watson cut together footage from the movie Morgan?A. Teach him to beat chess competitors.B. Feed him over 100 horror trailers.C. Create reserved recipes.D. Talk about photos.解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据第二段的“IBM* s cutting edge Al sorted out hundreds of classic thri 1 ler trai lers to learn what exactly g

62、ets an audience to that special place of being both sceired and entertained可知，在制作恐怖片攸zrga的预告片之 前，研究人员将数百部经典恐怖片的预告片输入Watson中供其学习，故B项正确。15. （实验中学 2022 中考模拟）What can we guess is the most difficult to Watson?A. How long the trailer should be.B. How Watson appreciates the story.C. How many scenes a trail

63、er needs.D. How Watson decides the feelings.解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第三段的“Watson was able to model the scenes visually in order to determine: Was a scene scary? . Was there sadness, or happinessn可以判断，D项正确。II .阅读七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）Camping EssentialsCamping can be a fun and cheap family activity or vacation. B

64、ut you do need quite a few supplies to manage ife in the great outdoors. . And remember to check your camping essentials.TentUnless you re sleeping under the stars or you have a camper or an RV, dont forget the obvious one: a tent! Check the measurements and user reviews when you re buyingSleeping Bag and PillowEven if the weather looks hot for your camping trip, bring a sleeping bag for every camper. Without a pillow, you could be facing a rocky night* s slee