高中主要句法导学案4-7--名词性从句

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1、名词性从句-主语从句导学案 学习目标 1. 了解名词性从句的概念，能判断出复合句中是否含有名词性从句，能根据语法功能区分出各类名词性从句。2. 了解并掌握主语从句的语法功能及用法。3. 了解并掌握it作形式主语的各种句型结构，能区分与it引导的强调句型的不同。4. 了解并掌握主语从句连接词的使用特例，带-ever的连接词引导的主语从句在复合句中的位置。 学习过程 语法导入一、名词性从句的概念及语法功能概念：在句子中起 _ 作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任 _ 等, 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分为_。【即时巩固练习】划出下列句子中名词性

2、从句，并判断其属于哪种名词性从句？Who will win the match is still unknown. I want to know what he has told you. The fact is that we have lost the game. The news that we won the game is exciting. 二、名词性从句的连接词（一）引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:连接词/从属连词that, whether, if连接代词: what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which连接副词: when,w

3、here,how,why（二）不可省略的连接词：1、 介词后的连接词 2、引导主语从句和同位语从句的连接词不可省略。【即时巩固练习】1） 她被选中了令我们很开心。2） 我们听到消息说我们队赢了。语法讲解【主语从句】一、主语从句的语法功能在复合句中作_ 的从句叫主语从句。 二、主语从句的连接词主语从句通常由从属连词_, 连接代词_和连接副词_等词引导。注意：1. 陈述句必须以that 引导, 不能省略。2. 主语从句只能用whether引导，不能用if引导。3that与what均可引导主语从句，但有时要根据句意选去适当的连接词。注意：that在从句中不充当任何成分，没有意思；what在从句中充当

4、主语或宾语，意思是：（所）的4连词that, whether在从句中不担任句子成分,只起连接作用,不能省略。 三、主语从句的用法（一）主语从句在复合句中充当主语，句子的谓语动词用_, what引导主语从句时，谓语动词由句意决定其单复数。【即时巩固练习】1）他为什么拒绝与你们一起工作仍然另我很困惑。2）我们是一起走还是分开走关系不大。（二）主语从句可以放在谓语动词之前，但多数情况下_, 把主语从句放在主句之后。what, whatever, whoever等引导的主语从句一般不后置， if引导的主语从句只能放在_。【即时巩固练习】1）众所周知我们热爱和平。2）无论谁来了都解决不了问题。四、用it

5、作形式主语的各种句型结构主语从句可以位于_, 但多放在_, 用it作形式主语，代替真正的_。【即时巩固练习】1）That the earth is round is true. = _. 2）_. = It hasnt been decided whether he will come.（一）常见it作形式主语的各种句型结构：1、 It is名词从句例如：2、It is形容词从句 (多用 should)例如：3、 It 不及物动词从句例如：4、 It is 过去分词从句例如：【即时巩固练习】1）可以肯定的是他会来的。2）据说一些美国友人下周将来参观我们学校。3）昨天晚上我们碰巧出去散步了。4）

6、我留下与否都没有关系。（二）it 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较it 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了_, 主语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分_,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词_。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。【即时巩固练习】判断:1 It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film.2 It doesnt interest me whether you succeed or not.3 It is in the morning that the murder took place.4 It is John

7、that broke the window.五、用带-ever的连接词引导的主语从句一般不后置 Whoever leaves the room last should close the door. Whatever we do must be in the interests of the people.【whatever, whoever, whichever 引导的主语从句的区分】 whatever是 what 的强调形式，表示“无论什么”。例如： Whatever she does is ridiculous whoever是who 的强调形式，表示“无论谁；任何的人”。例如： Who

8、ever walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold whichever“无论哪个; 无论哪些”, 既指人, 也指物; 可以单独使用, 可以修饰名词, 也可以后跟of 短语。例如： Whichever of us fulfils his task first will lend a hand to others Whichever book you borrow doesnt matter to us 六、语法小测1._ makes mistakes must correct them. A. What B. That C. Whoe

9、ver D. Whatever2. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.A. while B. that C. if D. for 3.When and why he came here _ yet.A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not known4. _ is no reason for dismissing her.A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes l

10、ateC. The fact that she was a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late5. _ Tom liked to eat was different from _.A. Thatthat you had expected B. What that you had expectedC. Thatwhat you had expected D. Whatwhat you had expected6._ we go swimming every day _ us a lot of good.A. If.do B. That.do

11、C. If.does D. That.does7.It _ Bob drives badly.A. thinks that B. is thought what C. thought that D. is thought that8.Its uncertain _ the experiment is worth doing.A. if B. that C. whether D. how9._ the boy didnt take medicine made his mother angry.A. That B. What C. How D. Which10._ we cant get seem

12、s better than _ we have.A. What, what B. What, that C. That, that D. That, what11._ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether12._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where13._is going to do the job will be decided by the Party

13、 committee.A. That B. Why C. How D. Who14._well finish translating the book depends on the time.A. When B. Why C. What D. That15._he wont go there is clear to all of us.A. How B. What C. Why D. This16._the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrows meeting.A. If B. Where C. That D. What17. .

14、_you come or not is up to you.A. What B. If C. Why D. Whether18._makes mistakes must correct them.A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. Anybody19._team will win the match is a matter of public concern.A. Which B. That C. If D. How20._leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A. Anyone B. The person

15、 C. Whoever D. Who 学习评价 自我评价 你完成本节导学案的情况为（ ）. A. 很好 B. 较好 C. 一般 D. 较差 语法大练兵 （一）判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句：1. China is no longer what it used to be.2. The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all.3. It was snowing when he arrived at the station.4. How he persuaded the manager to change

16、the plan is interesting to us all.5. The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.6. The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.7. That is where Lu Xun used to live.8. He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.9. Do you remember the teacher who

17、 taught us English at middle school?10. I wonder why she refused my invitation.（二）用适当的连词填空：1. I cant decide _ dictionary I should buy.2. Thats _ he refused my invitation.3. I am very interested in _ he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time.4. _ we need is more time.5. The fact _ she ha

18、d not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody.6. _ and _ they will meet has not been decided yet.7. Please tell me _ you are waiting for.8. Is that _ you are looking for?9. Would you please tell me _ the nearest post office is?10. I dont know _ he will agree to the plan or not.（三）选择填空：1. Do

19、 you see _ I mean?A. that B./C. howD. what2. Tell me_ is on your mind.A. thatB. whatC. which D. why3. We must stick to _ we have agreed on.A. whatB. thatC. /D. how4. Let me see _.A. that can I repair the radioB. whether -I can repair the radioC. I can repair the radioD. whether can I repair the radi

20、o5. Keep in mind _.A. that the teacher saidB. what did the teacher sayC. that did the teacher sayD. what the teacher said6. Could you advise me _?A. which book should I read firstB. what book should I read firstC. that book 1 should read firstD. which book I should read first7. He was criticized for

21、 _.A. he had done itB. what he had done C. what had he done D. that he had done it8. Would you kindly tell me _?A. how can I get to the Beijing Railway StationB. how I can get to the Beijing Railway StationC. where can I get to the Beijing Railway StationD. whether can I get to the Beijing Railway S

22、tation9. Mrs. Smith was very much impressed by _.A. what had she seen in ChinaB. that she had seen in ChinaC. what she had seen in ChinaD. which had she seen in China10. We took it for granted _A. that they were not comingB. that were they not comingC. they were coming notD. were they not coining11.

23、 I really dont know _A. I should do nextB. what should I do nextC. what I should do nextD. how I should do next12. Im afraid _.A. the little girl will have to be operated onB. that will the little girl have to operate onC. the little girl will have to operate onD. that will the little girl have to b

24、e operated on13. She walked up to _ .A. where did I stand B. where I stood C. I stood there D. where I stood there14. Can you tell me _?A. who is that gentlemanB. that gentleman is whoC. who that gentleman isD. whom .is that gentleman15. Well give you _.A. that do you needB. what do you needC. whate

25、ver you needD. whether do you need16. They want us to know _ to help us.A. what can they B. what they canC. how they can D. how can they17. We must put _ into practice.A. what we have learnedB. that we have learnedC. that have we learnedD. what have we learned18. Did she say anything about _?A. that

26、 the work was to be doneB. how was the work to be doneC. that was the work to be doneD. how the work was to be done19. He was never satisfied with _.A. what she had achievedB. had what she achievedC. she had achievedD. that she achieved20. These photographs will show you _.A. what does our village l

27、ook likeB. what our village looks likeC. how does our village look likeD. how our village looks like21. Peter insisted _ he pay the bill.A. on thatB. whatC. thatD. on which22. They urged _ the library open during the vacation. A. whenB. whereC. whyD. that23. We wish we could have learned _ when we w

28、ere at high school.A. what you did B. that you had doneC. that what you did D. what did you do24.1 will describe to you _ I saw when there.A. whatB. thatC. which D./25. From _ I should say he is a good worker.A. what 1 know of himB. that I do know of himC. what do I know of himD. that do I know of h

29、im26. I will give this dictionary to _ wants to have it.A. whomever B. anyoneC. whoeverD. someone27._ they will come here hasn t been decided yet.A. WhatB. ThatC. WhenD. Where28. _ was said here must be kept secret.A. Who B. The thingC. Whatever D. Where29. It is still a question _ we shall have our

30、 sports meet.A. ifB. thatC. whatD. when30. Im going anyway. _ she will go is up to her to decide.A. If or notB. Whether or notC. IfD. That31. It is strange _ she have left without saying a word.A. thatB. whatC. whyD. how32. It is very clear _ our policy is a correct one.A. whatB. thatC. why D. where

31、33. _ Mr Zhang said is quite right.A. That B. WhenC. WhatD. Whether34. It has been decided _ he will be sent there.A. ifB. whether C. whyD. that35. It doesn t matter _he s come back or not.A. ifB. whetherC. thatD. when36. Its a great pity _ we wont be able to finish the task on time.A. when B. thatC

32、. why D. where37. It happened _ I wasnt there that day.A. when B. whyC. where D. that38._ you have done might do harm to other people.A. What B. ThatC. Which D. The things39. _ leaves the room last ought to turn oft the lights.A. Anyone B. The personC. Whoever D.Who40._ the 2000 Olympic Games wont b

33、e held in Beijing is known to all.A. Whether B. IfC. Whenever D. That 41. _ fails to see this will make a big mistake.A. That B. WhoeverC. Whether D. Whether or not42. _ we need more equipment is quite obvious.A. What B. WhetherC. ThatD. Whatever43. Has it been announced _?A. when are the planes to

34、take offB. that are the planes to take offC. where are the planes to take offD. when the planes are to take off44. That is _ we all support his idea.A. whatB. whyC. whereD. when45. Thats _ we should do.A. thatB. whatC. howD. why46. _ is troubling me is _ I dont understand _ he saidA. What; that; wha

35、tB. What; what; whatC. That; that; whatD. Why; that; which47. Things were not _ they seemed to be.A. whenB. whyC. thatD. what48. Thats _ I want to say.A. all whatB. whatC. all whichD. what that49. Thats _ .A. where our differences lieB. our differences lie thereC. where do our differences lieD. that

36、 where our differences lie50. That is _ .A. where lived he thereB. where did he liveC. where he livedD. that where he lived51. The questions is _.A. whether is it worth doingB. that if it is worth doingC. whether it is worth doingD. if it is worth doing52. Water will continue to be _ it is today nex

37、t in importance to oxygen.A. howB. whichC. whatD. as53. Thats_.A. how did I become a teacherB. how I became a teacherC. how a teacher I becameD. that I became a teacher54. They are just _.A. that what shall I haveB. what shall I haveC. that I shall have whatD. what I shall have55. It looked _.A. as

38、if it was going to rainB. that as if it was going to rainC. as if was it going to rainD. as if that it was going to rain56. Thats_.A. how she did itB. that how did she do it.C. how did she do itD. what she did it57. That is _ we decided to put the discussion off.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. why58. That

39、s _ I lived when I was ten years old.A. whereB. at whichC. there whereD. when59. My suggestion is _ we should send a few comrades to help them.A. if B. thatC. when thatD. that where60. The idea _ all people are selfish is wrong.A. whatB. thatC. why D. if61. We heard the news _ our team had won.A. th

40、atB. whatC. whetherD. why62. The fact _ he hadnt said anything surprised us all. A. whyB. ifC. thatD. whether63.I have no idea _ she will be back.A. thatB. whereC. that whenD. when64. We must keep in mind the fact _ China is still a developing country.A. whetherB. thatC. whyD. when65. They have no i

41、dea at all _.A. where he has goneB. where did he goC. where has he goneD. which place he has gone名词性从句-宾语从句导学案 学习目标 Ss will be able to use direct speech and indirect speech 学习重点Summarize the rules of Direct Speech and Indirect Speech. 学习难点Learn about the special cases in which the tenses shouldnt be

42、 changed. 学习过程 I. Review Please change the direct speech into indirect speech 1） He said, “The plane takes off at 6:30 am.”_ _ 2）He asked, “Is Tom a teacher?” _ _3) He asked ,”Where is the post office?”_ _II. GrammaTask 1. 陈述语序Part 1.选择题(1) I wonder _. A. where does he live B. where he live C. he li

43、ves where D. where he lives (2) -Would you please tell me _? - In a small village near Niingbo.A. where was your mother born B. where your mother was bornC. when was your mother born D. when your mother was born (3) The photograph will show you _.A. what does our village look like B. what our villag

44、e looks likeC. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like (4) -Where does he come from ? - Pardon? - I asked where_.A did he come from B. he came fromC. he comes fromD. does he come from (5) She wondered _. A. how much he cost the computer B. how much he paid for the computerC. how

45、 much the computer will cost him D. how much did he spend on the(6)Somebody called you just now, but I didnt know _A.who they were B.who were they C.who it was D.who was itPart 2 (改错)1. He asked Lucy where did she go._ 2. Tom asked Ann what did she want. _3. He asked me whether was I a teacher. _Tas

46、k2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语1) “Im going to hide from the Germans,” Anne said.Anne said that _ was going to hide from the Germans.2) He said, I havent seen her today.He said that _ hadnt seen her _.3) She asks,”Is he still alive now? ” She asks whether he is still alive _.4) “May I use your knife？”He ask

47、ed me. He asked me if _ might use _knife.5)“Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me. He asked me if _know her telephone number.6) He said, These books are mine. He said _books were _. Task 3. 时态1) 一般现在时一般过去时/不变He said, “I am a teacher.” _ _He asked me, “Are you a teacher?”_ _He asked Tom, ”Whe

48、re are you from?”_ _The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me._ _He said, I get up at six every morning。_ _2) 现在进行时过去进行时He asked me, “What are you doing?”_ _“I am doing my homework”,said Tom._ _The teacher asked Mary, “Are you listening to me?”_ _3) 现在完成

49、时过去完成时She said. I have lost a pen._ _.How many car factories have been built in your country? he asked me._ _ “Have you seen the film?” he asked me._ _4) 一般过去时过去完成时/不变 Xiao Wang said. I was born on April 2l, 1980。_ _.My mother took me to an exhibition yesterday. she said._ _ .Do you remember what yo

50、ur aunt told you last night? Li pings father asked him._ _5) 一般将来时过去将来时She said, “I am going to the market.”_ _He said to me “I will call you tomorrow.”_ _Task 4 祈使句的转换1)The captain ordered, Be quiet. The captain ordered _.2) “Make sure the door is shut.” she said to her little son. She told her lit

51、tle son _make sure the door _ shut.3) “Dont smoke in the room.” he said to me.- He told me _ to _ in the room4)“Open the books “ Sam said to me Sam told me_.5) Go to the front at once! the officer said to the soldiers. The officer said to the soldiers _.6) My teacher asked me, Dont laugh.My teacher asked me _.III. Conclusion & Exercise巩固练习Part 1选择题Part 1引导词(1) I dont know _or not. A. whether he is at home B. if he is at home C. that he is at home D. whether is he at home (2) This depends on _ the weather is fine.A. which B. whether C. if D. that (3) T