定语从句高考考点

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1、The Attributive Clause定语从句中应注意的几个问题一、引导定语从句的关系词指代人 who，whom ，that指代事物 which ，that所属关系 whose，of which指地点 where指时间 when指原因 why二、关系代词 that 和 which 在很多情况下可以互换，但下列情况只用 that 。All _ can be done has been done.Do you have anything _ you don t understand ?There is little _ can be believed about it .The book d

2、oesnt say much _ amuses children.先行词是 all ,everything,nothing, anything, something,much,little,none 等不定代词，引导定语从句用 that 。Hamburg is the most beautiful city _I ve ever seen.This is the best TV _ is made in China.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用 th

3、at 。Ive read all the books _ you lent me.No sample _ we have received is satisfactory.Please send us any information _ you have about the subject.He is the only person _ was present at the time.先行词被 any,some, no, much,few,little, every,all, very, only, last 修饰时，引导定语从句用 that 。The famous writer and hi

4、s works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interestamong the students.A victim is a person,animal or thing _ suffers pain,death,harm,etc.先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用 that .Who _ you have ever seen can do it better ?Who _ you are talking to is the young fellow ?Who 做先行词时，引导定语从句用 that 。（答案：以上都是 that ）三、

5、不用 that ，而用 which ，who，whom 的情况He made the same mistakes again ,_ made his parents very angry. ( which) Yesterday Ibought a dictionary,_cost me more than 100 yuan . (which)Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again. (who)My uncle has come back from abroad,_I haven t met for along time

6、. (whom)在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用 which ，指人用 who 或 whom 。Her bag , in _ she put all her money, has been stolen. ( which )This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars. ( which )Xiao Wang , with _ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much. ( whom )在介词后面，指事物用 which ，指人用 whom 。注意：如何判断介词1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配The girl _

7、which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him. ( for)He is the man _ whom I think you can depend . (on)2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar. (with)These are the wires_ which different machines are connected. ( with)3、根据先行词判断，所用的介

8、词与先行词 搭配The rate _ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased. (at)This is our classroom ,_ which there is a teacher s desk. ( In front of )The committee consists of 20 members,5 of _ are women. (whom)The book contains 50 poems, most of_was written in 1930s. (which) There are two left,oneo

9、f_is almost finished,and the other of_is not quite. (which)I have a sentence , the meaning of _ I don t understand. (which)名词/代词/ 数词+ of +which/whomWhere 引导的定语从句。先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词，并且在从句做状语。用 where (= inwhich )引导定语从句。This is the town where (= in which ) I spent my childhood.The table where (= a

10、t which ) she is sitting is a new one.Ill show you the point where you failed.Do you know the situation where you can use the word.若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用 which 或 that 引导定语从句。The library _ students often study was on fire last night. (where)The library, _ was built in the 1930s,needs repairing. (which)The lib

11、rary _ you visited yesterday was built in 1990. (which)区分 where 引导的定语从句和状语从句Where 前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。When you read books ,you had better make a mark at the spot where you have any questions.When you read books , you had better make a mark where you have any questions.When 引导的定语从句。先行词是表示时间的名词

12、，用 when 引导定语从句。从句作状语。Ill never forget the day when (= on which ) I met you.This was the time when ( =at which ) he left for Beijing .We will put off the outing until next week, when we won t be busy若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用 which 或 that 引导定语从句。Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park. (when) I ll nev

13、er forget the time _ Ispent on campus. (whichthat)Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you. (whichthat)why 引导的定语从句。先行词是表示原因的名词，用 why 引导定语从句。 Why 在从句中作状语。This is the reason why ( = for which ) I didn t come here.但是也要注意：不是每句都这样。The reason _ she gave was not true. (thatwhich)whose 引导的定语从句。表示所属关系。

14、The river _ banks are covered with trees flows into the sea.(whoseof which the)There are 20 students in this class, _ _ are different.A. whose backgroundsB. the backgrounds of whomC. of whom the backgroundsD. the backgrounds of whose关系代词用 that 代 in which 或省略I can tell you the way （that/in which ）you

15、 can learn English well 。we should act in the way that does not harm the other living things.than 引导定语从句当先行词有比较级修饰时，用 thanShe is a better student than she was last year.指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份 ：1. The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang.(主语)2. The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( 宾语)3. A child whose pare

16、nts are dead is called Tom. ( 定语)4. I like the book (which) you bought yesterday. ( 宾语 )5. His parents wouldn t let him marry anyone whose family was poor. ( 定语)6. I like the person to whom you just talked. ( 介宾 )7.We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together. ( 宾语)8. We shall never forge

17、t the days when we lived together. ( 状语 )考点一：that 和which以下情况，引导词用 that ，不用 which。1. 先行词为不定代词 everything ，little ，much，all，anything，nothing 。e.g. Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen.2. 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用 that 。e.g. This is the best book (that) I ve ever read.3. 先行词被 the only ，th

18、e very，the last 修饰时，用 that 。e.g. He is the only person that I want to see now.4. 先行词同时指人和指物时，用 that 。e.g. We talked about the things and persons that we saw then.5. 定语从句内容为解释名词的性质、概念时，需用 that 。e.g. A plane is a machine that can fly.考点二：连接词 which 的用法Which 引导非限定性定语从句，其先行词可是一个词 ,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。1. She

19、heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouthA. it B. which C. this D. that2. The weather turned out to be good, _ was more than we could expect.A. what B. which C. that D. it考点三：介词+关系代词1. In the dark street, there wasn t a single person _ she could turn for help.A. that B. who C. from

20、whom D. to whom2. He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, most of _ hadn t been cleaned for atleast a year.A. these B. those C. that D. which关系代词前介词的确定1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles?2. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：e.g. Can you explain to me how to use

21、 these idioms about which I m not sure.3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.4.非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词 / 代词 + of + 关系代词”的结构，如：e.g. There are 50 students in our class, two-thirds of whom have been to Beijing.5. Whose 从句可转换为“ of +关系代词”型，如：e.g. They live in a h

22、ouse, whose door opens to the south.They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south.关系代词 than,but 的用法He gave me more money than I need.There is no one but wants to get it.考点四:关系副词的运用在限定性和非限定性从句中， when 的先行词是时间名词， where 的先行词是地点名词，分别在定语从句中做状语。e.g. 1. After living in Paris for 50 years he ret

23、urned to the small town _ he grew up as achild.A. which B. where C. that D. when2. It was an exciting moment for these people this year, _ for the first time their team wonthe World Cup.A. that B. while C. which D. when考点五：as 与 which 引导的定语从句两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用 as。1. 关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。e.g. As

24、 we all know, the earth is round.2. 当与 such 或 the same 连用时，一般用 as。e.g. Such books as you tell me are interesting.I have the same plan as you.3. 当从句和主句语义一致时，用 as，反之则用 which 。e.g. She has married again, as was expected.She has married again, which was unexpected.He was later again , which made his teacher angery.4. as 在从句中作主语时， 后面常接行为动词的被动语态， 如 be known ，be said，be reported等，如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般要用 which 作主语。 It is known that.e.g. She has been late again, as was expected.Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.