新编计算机英语习题参考答案

《新编计算机英语习题参考答案》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《新编计算机英语习题参考答案（16页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、习题参考答案 243 习题参考答案Unit One/Section AI.Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text:1.byte; bits2.ENIAC3.Grace Murray Hopper4.punched; holes5.desktop; mainframes6.integrated; chips7.instructions8.personalII.Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:

2、1.数字（激光）视盘，DVD2.desktop computer3.（文）字处理程序4.personal computer (PC)5.存储（器）芯片，内存芯片6.central processing unit (CPU)7.密码电报puter program9.蜂窝电话，移动电话，手机puter hardware11.集成电路puter software13.膝上型计算机，便携机14.digital computer15.硬（磁）盘驱动器puter chip17.盒式磁带录像机18.operating system19.编程语言，程序设计语言20.disc operating system

3、(DOS)III.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the words given in the following list, making changes if necessary:dictionary; find; machines; calculators; term; electronic; computer; variety; difficult; definition; accepts; output; instructions; size; categories; mainframesIV.Translate the followin

4、g passage from English into Chinese:计算机系统包括计算机、外围设备和软件。用于处理数据的电动、电子与机械设备称为硬件。除了计算机本身之外，“硬件”这一术语还指被称为外围设备的组件，这些外围设备可扩大计算机的输入、输出和存储能力。计算机硬件本身在本质上并未提供一件特别有用的智能工具。计算机要想变得有用，就需要有被称为软件或计算机程序的一套指令，来告诉计算机如何执行一项特定的任务。计算机在以下情况下变得更加有效：与网络中的其他计算机相连接，以使用户能够共享信息。Unit One/Section BI.Fill in the blanks with the inf

5、ormation given in the text:1.icons2.binary; 2563.random-access; read-only4.cable; 16-bit5.input6.CPUII.Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:1.光盘，CD2.floppy disk3.外存储设备4.liquid crystal display5.便笺簿式计算机，平板电脑6.input device7.指令周期8.output device9.语音识别软件10.micr

6、oprocessor chip11.视频显示器puter programmer13.硬盘驱动器，硬盘14.graphical user interface (GUI)15.图形符号16.program counter17.二进制数字18.instruction register19.计算机部件20.memory location21.流水线处理（技术或方法）22.read-only memory (ROM)23.物理内存24.random-access memory (RAM)25.控制器，控制单元26.digital imageIII.Match each of the following

7、abbreviations with its Chinese equivalent and write it in full:1.(I)Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer2.(E)central processing unit3.(F)Disk Operating System4.(G)read-only memory5.(B)graphical user interface6.(H)digital video disc7.(J)random-access memory8.(A)operating system9.(D)personal c

8、omputer10.(C)compact discUnit Two/Section AI.Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text:1.system2.copyright3.rights4.deleted5.formatting或format6.signature7.screens8.proprietaryII.Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:1.邮件发送清单，邮件列表puter netwo

9、rk3.专有软件4.deleted e-mail5.抄送行6.electronic system7.密送行8.Attachments line9.电子邮件网规，电子邮件网络礼节10.copyright law11.电子邮件常规12.e-mail program13.点击图标14.information superhighway15.密件，秘密文件16.e-mail address17.密级信息puter virus19.签名文件20.hard diskIII.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the words given in the follow

10、ing list, making changes if necessary:touch; costs; in-person; computers; e-mail; access; download; websites; audio; camera; see; programs; create; message; window; respondIV.Translate the following passage from English into Chinese:许多学校与工商企业已经制定电子邮件隐私政策，阐明在什么条件下能够或不能期待电子邮件保持私密性。这些政策有时在计算机启动或新用户登录时予

11、以显示。然而，法庭判决似乎支持以下看法：因为一个电子邮件系统为一个机构所拥有和运行，所以上面的电子邮件也为该机构所有。电子邮件的作者并不是所有与电子邮件相关的权利都拥有。因此，给你提供电子邮件账号的公司或学校可以合法地监控你的电子邮件。使用电子邮件账号时，你应该想到：你的一些邮件会被人不时地阅读。你应该把电子邮件视作明信片而非信件，并将可能引起争议的言论留待面谈时再说。Unit Two/Section BI.Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text:1.security2.ClearType3.white4.extens

12、ions; icons5.606.PowerToysII.Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:1.网络管理员2.home page3.系统文件夹4.screen saver5.屏幕分辨率6.control panel7.背景色，底色8.e-mail account9.默认（或系统设定）配置10.integrated development environment (IDE)11.单选（按）钮12.file extension13.复选（或选择、校验）框14.Troja

13、n horse15.字号，字形（或字体）大小16.Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)17.万维网，环球（信息）网18.Appearance tab19.刷新率20.option button21.家用多媒体电脑22.Windows Explorer23.监视器屏幕24.operating system update25.隐藏文件26.Uniform Resource Locator (URL)27.客户应用程序28.cathode ray tube (CRT)29.社区论坛30.video cardIII.Match each of the following a

14、bbreviations with its Chinese equivalent and write it in full:1.(D)cathode ray tube2.(F)frequently asked question3.(H)carbon copy4.(A)Hypertext Markup Language5.(E)Uniform Resource Locator6.(J)liquid crystal display7.(I)blind carbon copy8.(C)integrated development environment9.(G)hertz10.(B)Dots Per

15、 InchUnit Three/Section AI.Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text:1.hardware; storage; data2.bootstrap3.Text-oriented4.multitasking5.virtual6.personal7.centralized; local8.single-userII.Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:1.主存储器2.perip

16、heral device3.虚拟存储器，虚拟内存4.multitasking operating system5.分时段的多任务处理6.multiuser operating system7.桌面操作系统8.single-user operating system9.电子游戏机10.single-tasking operating system11.电子数据表程序，电子制表程序12.storage media13.上下文切换14.handheld computer15.命令解释程序，命令解释器16.function key17.专业版work management tool19.文件存取（或访

17、问）20.bootstrap programIII.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the words given in the following list, making changes if necessary:classified; users; security; functions; interface; programs; documents; systems; password; unauthorized; internal; efficiently; control; input; storage; detectsIV.Trans

18、late the following passage from English into Chinese:在计算机科学中，多任务处理是操作系统提供的一种操作方式，它使计算机一次可执行不止一项任务。多任务处理有几种类型。上下文切换是一种非常简单的多任务处理：两个或两个以上的应用程序同时装入，但只有前台应用程序得到处理时间；要激活后台任务，用户必须将含有该应用程序的窗口或屏幕调至前面。在合作多任务处理中，后台任务在前台任务空闲期间（例如，应用程序等待键击时）得到处理时间，但条件必须是该应用程序允许这样做。在分时段的多任务处理中，每项任务得到微处理器几分之一秒的处理。为了维持次序，任务或被指定优先等

19、级，或被按序依次处理。由于用户对时间的感觉要比计算机的处理速度慢得多，因此分时段的多任务操作看上去似乎是同时进行的。Unit Three/Section BI.Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text:1.Windows; graphical2.source3.virtual4.Microsoft; command-line5.Palm6.Tablet; handwritingII.Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and

20、 vice versa:1.多媒体技术2.touch-sensitive screen3.对等联网4.local area network (LAN)5.网站，站点6.32-bit processor7.安装例程8.Start menu9.能打电话的个人数字助理10.system utility11.基于屏幕的桌面12.mobile phone13.指点式用户界面14.source code15.命令行式用户界面work server17.操作环境18.Web server19.操作系统内核（程序）20.dial-up networking21.扩充内存访问22.multiuser envir

21、onment23.重叠窗口24.program icon25.文件夹26.notebook computerIII.Match each of the following abbreviations with its Chinese equivalent and write it in full:1.(D)International Business Machines2.(J)Personal Computer Disk Operating System3.(A)personal digital assistant4.(H)American Telephone and Telegraph5.(

22、F)Transmission Control Protocol6.(C)Microsoft Disk Operating System7.(E)local area network8.(I)File Allocation Table9.(G)American Standard Code for Information Interchange10.(B)New Technology File SystemUnit Four/Section AI.Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text:1.artificial; inst

23、ructions2.natural或human3.machine4.high-level5.statement6.translated7.variables8.digitalII.Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:1.存储寄存器2.executable program3.函数语句4.conditional statement5.关系（型）语言6.assignment statement7.面向对象语言8.logic language9.汇编语言10.procedur

24、al language11.中间语言，中级语言12.machine language13.小型翻译程序14.functional language15.人工智能16.Structured Query Language (SQL)17.人工语言18.low-level language19.数据声明20.run a computer programIII.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the words given in the following list, making changes if necessary:create; code; co

25、mmands; understands; high-level; process; accomplished; interpreters; resulting; file; compiled; processor; converts; running; sends; executedIV.Translate the following passage from English into Chinese:面向对象程序设计语言的一个特别强大的功能是被称为继承的特性。继承允许一个对象获得与其具有功能联系的其他对象的属性与功能。程序员把对象归为不同的类，并把类分成层次，以此将对象联系起来。这些类与层次

26、使程序员可以定义对象的属性与功能，而不必重复源代码，即程序中的编码指令。因此，使用面向对象程序设计语言，可以大大缩短程序员编写应用程序所需的时间，也可以缩短程序长度。面向对象程序设计语言灵活、适应性强，所以程序或程序的某些部分可用于不止一项任务。使用面向对象程序设计语言编写的程序，比使用非面向对象程序设计语言编写的程序，一般来说长度要短且包含的错误也少。Unit Four/Section BI.Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text:1.C+2.object-oriented3.bytecode4.security5.

27、just-in-time6.multithreadingII.Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:1.（万维）网页2.memory allocation3.目标机4.object-oriented programming (OOP)5.多重继承6.machine code7.独立运行的Java应用程序8.Web browser9.Java编译器10.executable code11.Java小程序12.runtime exception handling13.垃圾收

28、集14.Java Virtual Machine15.交互式文件共享16.just-in-time compilation17.安全机制18.portable application software19.多线程编程（或程序设计）20.native codeIII.Match each of the following abbreviations with its Chinese equivalent and write it in full:1.(J)List Processing2.(E)Algorithmic Language3.(H)Structured Query Language4

29、.(A)object-oriented programming5.(C)Formula Translation6.(I)Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code7.(B)Programming in Logic8.(D)Java Virtual Machine9.(F)Simulation Language10.(G)Common Business-Oriented LanguageUnit Five/Section AI.Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text:1

30、.testing2.analysis3.implementation4.design5.structure6.flowcharts7.logic8.user; programmerII.Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:1.结构图2.system analyst3.逻辑流程图4.test data5.测试用例6.system development phase7.程序校验8.software engineering9.白箱测试10.requirement analy

31、sis11.学生注册系统12.test engineer13.定制的软件14.black box testing15.分析阶段16.implementation phase17.测试阶段18.design phase19.软件生命周期20.user working environmentIII.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the words given in the following list, making changes if necessary:developing; techniques; programming; store; li

32、mits; factors; area; performance; memory; program; system; development; efficient; engineers; environments; manageIV.Translate the following passage from English into Chinese:在软件中，错误是指导致程序发生故障或产生不正确结果的编码或逻辑错误。较轻微的错误，如光标表现异常，会造成不便或带来挫折，但不会对信息产生破坏性影响。较严重的错误会导致程序“中止”（对命令停止反应），这可能使用户别无选择，只能重新启动程序，结果致使任何

33、前面已经做好但尚未保存的工作丢失。这两种情况中无论是哪一种，程序员都必须凭借称为调试的过程发现并改正错误。由于错误对重要数据的潜在危险，商用应用程序在发行前要经过尽可能全面的测试与调试。程序发行后发现的较轻微错误在下一次更新时改正；较严重的错误有时可用称为补丁的特殊软件加以修补，以规避问题或减轻其影响。Unit Five/Section BI.Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text:1.entities2.file3.query4.engine; processor5.procedure6.presentation;

34、storageII.Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:1.语言预编译程序2.entity relationship diagram (ERD)3.业务逻辑实现4.procedure call5.查询处理器6.Data Modification Language (DML)7.数据建模8.data redundancy9.客户机/服务器体系结构10.relational database11.存储引擎12.database management system (DBM

35、S)13.数据库管理程序；数据库管理员14.data model15.数据显示层16.data item17.逻辑数据库设计18.query optimization19.数据元（素）20.data validity check21.查询语言22.data integrity23.（宿）主语言，主机语言puting module25.磁盘存储（器）26.data value27.空白磁盘28.embedded code29.代码可复用性puting environmentIII.Match each of the following abbreviations with its Chinese

36、 equivalent and write it in full:1.(C)American National Standards Institute2.(E)input/output3.(A)entity relationship diagram4.(B)Data Modification Language5.(D)database management systemUnit Six/Section AI.Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text:1.Ethernet2.range3.Bridges4.Routers5

37、.telephone; wide6.broadband7.client/server8.publicII.Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:1.数据链（路）2.coaxial cable3.权标环，令牌环4.data encryption system5.计算机联网6.wide area network; WAN7.单独的系统8public key9.多路访问协议work resources11.环形网（络）12.public telephone network13

38、.星形网（络）14.open system15.总线网（络）16.data network17.宽带连接work configuration19.载波检测（或监听、侦听）puting elementIII.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the words given in the following list, making changes if necessary:limited; enables; network; resources; disks; computers; proper; communicate; protocol; conn

39、ected; bridges; dissimilar; convert; nodes; transmitted; busIV.Translate the following passage from English into Chinese:在计算机科学中，网络是指由通信设备连接在一起的一组计算机及其相关设备。网络可采用电缆等永久性连接，或者采用通过电话或其他通信链路而实现的临时性连接。网络可以小到由少数计算机、打印机以及其他设备构成的局域网，也可以由分布在广大地理区域的许多小型与大型计算机组成。计算机网络无论大小，其存在的目的均是为计算机用户提供以电子方式进行信息通信与传送的方法。有些类型的

40、通信系简单的用户到用户消息；而有些称为分布式过程，可能涉及数台计算机，以及在执行任务中分担工作量或进行协作。Unit Six/Section BI.Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text:1.ARPANET2.site; pages3.dedicated4.modem5.Locators6.bandwidthII.Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:1.专线访问2.dial-up access

41、3.名称服务器4.domain name5.传输模式6.Internet Service Provider (ISP)7.包交换8.storage format9.离散单元work bandwidth11.数据包12.File Transfer Protocol (FTP)13.网络地址，网址14.Internet Protocol (IP)15.电信号16.telephone line17.目录路径选择18.data stream19.编址常规20.retrieve filesIII.Match each of the following abbreviations with its Chi

42、nese equivalent and write it in full:1.(G)wide area network2.(E)Hypertext Transfer Protocol3.(J)megabits per second4.(L)America Online5.(B)Internet Protocol6.(H)Advanced Research Projects Agency Network7.(D)kilobits per second8.(F)Internet Service Provider9.(K)Data Encryption System10.(A)File Transf

43、er Protocol11.(I)Microsoft Network12.(C)World Wide WebUnit Seven/Section AI.Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text:1.worm2.piracy3.primary4.surge5.security; backup6.encryption7.access8.firewallsII.Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:1.

44、加密程序2.detection program3.安全缓冲区4.backup disk5.未经授权的访问，越权存取6.destructive program7.软件侵权，软件盗版8.circuit breaker9.电干扰puter crime11.备份12.pirated software13.电子元件（或部件）14.virus checker15.数据输入错误16.primary storage17.电子入侵18.electronic bulletin board19.“磁盘杀手”病毒20.surge protector21.电压浪涌22.power source23.加密芯片24.sof

45、tware manufacturer25.密钥托管芯片26.password management27.物理安全28.deletion commandIII.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the words given in the following list, making changes if necessary:attach; original; length; next; created; changing; software; calculates; combining; run; compares; checksum; infect

46、ing; searching; section; identifyIV.Translate the following passage from English into Chinese:我们应该何时使用防病毒软件？简短的回答是“始终”。大多数防病毒软件允许你具体指明检查什么，以及何时检查。例如，你可以只是在收到可疑电子邮件附件的情况下启动防病毒软件，也可以设置防病毒软件，让其每周都对你计算机上的所有文件进行一次扫描。然而，最好的做法是让你的防病毒软件在后台始终保持运行，以便所有文件一访问即得到扫描，每份电子邮件一收到即受到检查。扫描过程需要少量时间，这给下载电子邮件和打开文件造成些微的延迟。

47、然而，这种等待是值得的，因为你可以肯定，你所打开的文件已经过病毒扫描。Unit Seven/Section BI.Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text:1.executed或run; memory2.floppy; virus3.parasitic4.file或parasitic; bootstrap-sector5.memory6.payloadII.Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:1

48、.（磁盘）引导（扇）区2.disk space3.寄生病毒4.file virus5.脚本病毒6.memory-resident program7.复合型病毒8.script language9.宏语言10.macro virus11.病毒特征码12.partition table13.宿主程序，服务程序14.anti-virus software15.病毒代码16.emergency recovery disk17.常驻病毒18.Basic Input/Output System (BIOS)19.病毒感染20.executable file21.登录22.shared folderIII.

49、Match each of the following terms with its definition or explanation:1.worm(H)2.hacker(B)3.backup(G)4.crash(F)5.password(I)6.anti-virus software(A)7.virus signature(C)8.file virus(D)9.macro virus(E)10.software piracy(J)Unit Eight/Section AI.Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text:1

50、.TVs2.corporations或companies3.voice4.PC-plus; standards5.access或connectivity6.convergence; electronics7.wireless; smart8.InternetII.Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:1.“PC加强”时代2.information age3.电缆调制解调器4.device driver5.普遍连通性，全维接入6.research and developm

51、ent (R & D)7.多功能设备8.surf the Web9.本地处理能力10.Auto PC11.尖端数字技术12.e-mail colleagues13.地址簿，通信簿14.consumer electronics industry15.软件更新程序包16.information overload17.虚拟结合18.wireless bandwidth19.具有上网功能的手机20.broadband communication networkIII.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the words given in the follow

52、ing list, making changes if necessary:automatically; software; phone; network; available; interactive; clothes; electronic; downloads; account; thanks; hardware; possible; devices; technology; commonplaceIV.Translate the following passage from English into Chinese:但是，真正令人吃惊的是，我们仍然只是处于数字时代的开端。在过去20年里

53、，微处理器的功能增强了一百多万倍。但是，今后20年，微处理器的功能很可能比今天再增强一百多万倍。而且，它们将含有多达10亿个晶体管。在今后几年，个人电脑将依然是大多数人的主要计算工具，但是，在个人电脑之外，将出现各种新颖的由微处理器驱动的设备，使你的生活更加便利。例如，你旅行的时候，可以调出旅行计划，发送电子邮件明信片，预约医生，或者结算银行账户，所使用的则是手持式个人电脑，它知道你需要什么信息以及何时何地需要。而且，你可以通过新型手机得到地图、饭店指南或网上新闻。Unit Eight/ Section BI.Fill in the blanks with the information gi

54、ven in the text:1.Germany; Holland2.print; publishing3.chat4.backpack5.SNG或satellite news gathering6.liveII.Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:1.摄像机2.desktop publishing software3.压缩技术4.raster image processor (RIP)5.摄影棚（或摄影室）专用摄像机6.satellite news gatheri

55、ng (SNG)7.广播业新闻工作8.print journalism9.电脑直接制版技术10.video file11.数码摄像机12.printing press13.在线民意测验14.digital communications15.声频录制设备，录音设备16.video editing software17.新闻编辑室技师18.black-and-white newsreel19.背囊新闻记者20.chat roomIII.Match each of the following abbreviations with its Chinese equivalent and write it in full:1.(D)raster image processor2.(A)American Broadcasting Company3.(J)computer to plate4.(G)videocassette recorder5.(I)National Broadcasting Company6.(B)research and development7.(F)Basic Input/Output System8.(C)miles per hour9.(H)satellite news gathering10.(E)digital video