四川省绵阳市南山中学高三英语下学期开学试题word版附答案

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1、四川省绵阳市南山中学2021届高三英语下学期开学试题（word版附答案）2021年春季绵阳南山中学高2018级入学考试英语试题注意事项：1、本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两大部分,共150分。考试时120分钟。2、答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、准考生证号等信息填写在答题卡上相应的位置。3、全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在木试卷上无效。第I卷（选择题共100分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分75分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅

2、读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What will the woman do on Sunday?A. Go to an art exhibition. B. Eat out with an old friend. C. Show her paintings to the man.2. Which program does the girl want to watch?A. Italian gardens.B. A dance competition. C. A history program.3. What will the woman major in?A. Childrens beh

3、avior science.B. Business administration.C. Pre-school education.4. When does the conversation take place?A. On Thursday. B. On Friday. C. On Saturday.5. What does the woman think of the price of the food in the Dragons Den?A. Quite low. B. Reasonable. C. Very high.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分225分）听下面5段对话或独

4、白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Boss and employee.B. Interviewer and interviewee.C. Teacher and student.7. What can we learn about the man?A. He is able to speak Frenc

5、h.B. He cant work with Picture Shop.C. He lacks computer design skills.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What are the pictures about?A. The womans office. B. The womans old home. C. The womans new apartment.9. What do we know about the woman?A. She can see a river from her living room.B. She stays in her study most

6、 of her time.C. She hopes to live with her parents.听第8段材料，回答笫10至12题。10. How does the woman feel about her trip?A. Comfortable. 13. Scared. C. Interested.11. What docs the man think was the most exciting activity?A. Diving. B. Rock climbing. C. Bungee jumping.12. What docs the woman mean in the end?A

7、. Heights wont bother her either.B. She dislikes swimming with sharks.C. It is exciting to try bungee jumping.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Why do most people fail to lose weight according to the woman?A. They eat too much, B. They lack willpower. C. They do it the wrong way.14. What does the woman advise ov

8、erweight people to do?A. Take in less sugar. B. Eat almost nothing. C. Eat low-fat food.15. How many meals a day is best?A. Two. B. Three. C. Five.16. How can people avoid overeating?A. By having fruit before meals.B. By drinking less water.C By eating slowly.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What can people se

9、e on Tuesday in the main hall?A. Computers. B. Models of vehicles. C. Musical instruments.18. At what time does Double Troublestart?A. 7:45 p.m. B. 8:00 p.m. C. 8:30 p.m.19. Which event has to be postponed?A. An exhibition. B. A conference. C. A play.20. What is the good news for Storm Warning fans?

10、A. They will talk with the band face to face.B. They will have the chance to see the band next year.C. They can watch the bands concert at a lower price.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B, C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AInventions That Changed the WorldThe medieval era was not short of grou

11、ndbreaking ideas. As well explore here important scientific leaps and popular new products were invented in this era, some of which remain important to this day.The Printing PressDate 11 th15thCenturyUse: PublishingWell before Johannes Gutenberg brought the idea of mass production of printed text to

12、 Europe with his Gutenberg Bible, the moveable type printing press was already in use in China. Before this, in Asia as in Europe, books were handwritten to be copied. In 1440 Gutenberg applied similar technology to mass produce books for the general public. Freeing up access to knowledge in a cheap

13、 and efficient way was a game changer.CoffeeDate: 15tlhCenturyUse: DrinkThe exact timing and origin of coffee bean cultivation is greatly disputed, but we can say with some confidence that by the 15th century coffee beans were being grown and roasted for the production of coffee in the Yemeni region

14、 of Arabia. From there it would spread to Egypt and eventually to Europe. First though it took root in the Near East where the stimulating drink became a popular alternative to alcohol. The secondary offshoot of coffee drinking became the spread of coffeehouses where men would meet to play games lik

15、e chess as well as discuss politics, smoke and listen to music.GunpowderDate: 10thCenturyUse: Entertainment, FirearmsThe black powder was an incredibly important milestone for humanity. This relatively simple explosive mixture might be best known for its use in weapons and fireworks, but it also off

16、ered new means of mining for resources, which was a massive time and energy-saving innovation. The formula originates in China where the mixture was first used for setting fires. The impact of this technology on the world of weaponry is well known to us now.1. What does the Printing Press and Gunpow

17、der have in common?A. They have similar uses. B. They were related to China.C. They appeared at the same period. D. They were time-saving innovations.2. What was the impact of the Printing Press according to the passage?A. It produced books in Europe. B. It freed up lots of human labor.C. It changed

18、 the game of printing. D. It made knowledge accessible affordably.3. What did people in the Near East think of coffee?A. Another choice to alcohol. B. Means of mining for resources.C. A place to meet and play games. D. Important milestones for humanity.【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三种改变世界

19、的发明，介绍其起源、用途等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据The Printing Press部分中“Well before Johannes Gutenberg brought the idea of mass production of printed text to Europe with his Gutenberg Bible, the moveable type printing press was already in use in China.( 早在Johannes Gutenberg用他的古登堡圣经把大规模印刷文本的想法带到欧洲之前，活字印刷术就已经在中国使用了)”以及最后

20、一段中“The formula originates in China where the mixture was first used for setting fires.(这种配方起源于中国，当时这种混合物首次被用来生火)”可知，印刷术和火药的共同之处在于他们与中国有关。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据The Printing Press部分中“In 1440 Gutenberg applied similar technology to mass produce books for the general public. Freeing up access to knowledge

21、in a cheap and efficient way was a game changer.( 1440年，古腾堡应用了类似的技术，为大众大量生产书籍。以一种廉价和高效的方式释放对知识的获取，这改变了游戏规则)”可知，印刷术的影响是使人们可以负担得起知识。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Coffee部分中“First though it took root in the Near East where the stimulating drink became a popular alternative to alcohol.(首先，咖啡在近东地区生根发芽，在那里，刺激饮料成为了酒精的流

22、行替代品)”可知，近东的人们认为咖啡是酒精之外的另一个选择。故选A。BThe parenting styles of parents in the United States are often criticized. One type of parenting that is criticized is a helicopter parent. This kind of parents hover over their children like helicopters, which means these parents are always on top of their childre

23、n.While being an aware and involved parent is not a bad thing, helicopter parents take it to the extreme. The actions of helicopter parents actually hurt children, by not teaching them to be responsible for their actions. For example, a helicopter parent would call their adult college-age child to w

24、ake them up to go to class, when part of college is learning to be responsible and learning to manage your own time. Helicopter parents arc also overly worried about their kids getting hurt. This means helicopter parents hold back their childs natural curiosity. Part of growing up means your kid has

25、 to get hurt, physically and emotionally. This is how lessons arc learned. Instead, the kids of helicopter parents can grow up to be overly needy, dependent adults. Some people blame the rise of helicopter parenting on the rise of cell phones. Mobile phones make it easier for parents to track their

26、kids all the time.The opposite of the helicopter mom is the free-range mom. The free-range mom follows a slow parenting style, meaning she lets her kids explore the world at their own pace with little direction. The name free-range comes from the idea that kids should have the freedom to explore the

27、ir world or range in a way that makes sense to them. This often means that free-range moms will not schedule activities like extra classes or play dates for their kids. Instead a free-range mom will just let her child play in a park. There is less of an emphasis on things like the latest toys.4. Whi

28、ch word can best describe a helicopter parent?A. Dependent. B. Overprotective. C. Demanding. D. Involved.5. Why may the actions of helicopter parents hurt their children?A. Their children may not be responsible for their actions.B. Their children will explore the world with little direction.C. Growi

29、ng up means getting hurt physically and emotionally.D. Their children cannot get up on time for their college class.6. What partially caused helicopter parents to emerge?A. The ability to track people. B. The need to look after ones kids.C. The rise of mobile phones. D. The lack of curiosity in youn

30、gsters.7. What will a free-range mom do according to the passage?A. Purchase the latest toys for their kids.B. Put their children through extra classes.C. Allow their children to explore the nature.D. Avoid exposing their kids to painful lessons.【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. C【解析】本文为说明文。文章讲解了两种美国父母教养孩子的方式，“

31、直升机父母”对孩子的过度保护和“自由放养”父母让孩子们按照自己的节奏探索世界，没有任何方向。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“The actions of helicopter parents actually hurt children, by not teaching them to be responsible for their actions. Helicopter parents are also overly worried about their kids getting hurt. This means helicopter parents hold back their

32、childs natural curiosity. Part of growing up means your kid has to get hurt, physically and emotionally.（直升机父母的行为实际上伤害了孩子，因为他们没有教他们为自己的行为负责。“直升机父母”也过于担心他们的孩子会受伤。这意味着“直升机父母”抑制了孩子天生的好奇心。成长的一部分意味着你的孩子必须受到伤害，无论是身体上还是情感上） ”可知，“直升机父母”过于担心孩子在成长过程中受伤，因而对他们过度保护。B选项Overprotective“过分溺爱的”更好地描述了“直升机父母”。故选B项。【5题详

33、解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ The actions of helicopter parents actually hurt children, by not teaching them to be responsible for their actions.（“直升机父母”的行为实际上伤害了孩子，因为他们没有教他们为自己的行为负责）”可知，“直升机父母”没有教他们的孩子对自己的事情负责，这其实是在伤害他们的孩子。故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Some people blame the rise of helicopter parenting on the rise of ce

34、ll phones. Mobile phones make it easier for parents to track their kids all the time.（有些人将“直升机式”家长增多归咎于手机的增多。手机让父母更容易随时追踪孩子的行踪） ”可知，手机让父母更容易随时追踪孩子的行踪，因此手机的增多是“直升机父母”出现的部分原因。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“The free-range mom follows a slow parenting style, meaning she lets her kids explore the world at their

35、own pace with little direction. The name free-range comes from the idea that kids should have the freedom to explore their world or range in a way that makes sense to them. （“自由放养”妈妈采用的是一种缓慢的养育方式，这意味着她让孩子们按照自己的节奏探索世界，没有任何方向。“自由放养”这个名字来自于这样一个想法:孩子们应该有自由，以一种对他们来说有意义的方式探索他们的世界或范围） ”可推知，“自由放养”妈妈会让孩子们去探索

36、大自然。故选C项。CMost sea turtles, whales and fish may have plastic in their bodies. To determine the various forms and colors of this material in marine animals, Marga Rivas at the University of Almeria in Spain and her team analyzed data from 112 studies published in the past decade. These looked for mic

37、roplastics and larger macro plastics in marine species globally.Of the studies, 80 examined the gastrointestinal tracts (胃肠道)of animals to see what they had taken in. The others also looked at wider animal tissues to identify plastics that end up in other parts of the body. After examining all of th

38、e data, Rivas and her team concluded that 66 per cent of sea turtles have white-colored macro and microplastics in their systems, while 55 percent have a distinct class of plastic called microfibers, which are shed by some fabrics (织物). The high amount of white plastic in turtles was unsurprising, s

39、ays Rivas, given that plastic of this color, particularly larger pieces, may resemble jellyfish, a large part of the animals diets.Microfibers were also present in 80 percent of whales and dolphins - and white macro and microplastics in 38 percent of them. The researchers also concluded that clear f

40、iber microplastics are probably the most common form of this waste that is taken in by large marine animals globally. Rivas and her colleagues also discovered that the animals with the highest rates of plastic were those in the Mediterranean and the northeast Indian Ocean.“The Mediterranean is the m

41、ostcontaminated sea in the world, so we expected to find these results,” says Rivas. Marine plastic pollution has increased roughly 10-fbld since 1980, and Rivas says the problem is worsened by inadequate water treatment systems. In parts of India and the southeast Mediterranean, waste water isnt ad

42、equately treated or recycled, she says. This means that microfibers shed by fabrics in washing machines, and larger pieces of rubbish, enter the sea. “Its possible to introduce management strategies to control these huge threats,” says Rivas.8. How did Rivas and her team conduct the study?A. By doin

43、g comparative experiments.B. By analyzing data from previous studies.C. By determining the forms and colors of plastics.D. By looking for plastics in global marine animals.9. Why was it unsurprising to find a large amount of white plastic in sea turtles?A. White plastic looks like the food sea turtl

44、es consume.B. More while plastic was in the sea than that of other colors.C. White plastic is the most common form of the plastic waste.D. White microfibers from fabrics were abundant in the oceans.10. What does the underlined word “contaminated” probably mean in the last paragraph?A. Researched B.

45、Conserved C. Examined D. Polluted11. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?A. Health. B. Lifestyle. C. Science. D. Education.【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。通过讲述在海龟，鲸鱼和鱼类的身体里都有塑料的事实，进而结合科学家的研究结果，说明要引入管理策略来控制垃圾流入海洋的必要性。【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“To determine the various forms and col

46、ors of this material in marine animals, Marga Rivas at the University of Almeria in Spain and her team analyzed data from 112 studies published in the past decade. ”（为了确定这种物质在海洋动物身上的各种形式和颜色，西班牙阿尔梅里亚大学的玛加 里瓦斯和她的团队，分析了过去十年间发表的112项研究的数据。）可知，玛加 里瓦斯和她的团队通过分析之前发表的112项研究数据来研究塑料在海洋动物身上以何种形式和颜色出现。故选B。2. 细节理解

47、题。根据第二段最后一句“The high amount of white plastic in turtles was unsurprising, says Rivas, given that plastic of this color, particularly larger pieces, may resemble jellyfish, a large part of the animals diets. ”（里瓦斯说，海龟体内大量的白色塑料并不令人惊讶，因为这种颜色的塑料，特别是较大的塑料碎片，可能类似于水母，这是海龟饮食的一大部分。）可知，因为塑料的颜色和海龟饮食的水母很类似，所以海龟

48、才会误食这些塑料，进而使塑料在其身上的数量很多。故选A。3. 词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Rivas and her colleagues also discovered that the animals with the highest rates of plastic were those in the Mediterranean and the northeast Indian Ocean.”（里瓦斯和她的同事还发现，塑料含量最高的动物是地中海和印度洋的东北部的动物。）可知，地中海和印度洋东北部的塑料含量大，即说明这两部分的海洋受到的污染最大。所以可推知，contaminated

49、此处表示 “污染的”，选项D与文意一致，故选D。4. 推理判断题。根据第一段首句“Most sea turtles, whales and fish may have plastic in their bodies.”（大多数海龟，鲸鱼和鱼类的身体里都有塑料。）同时根据下文科学家们的研究结果表明，大量的垃圾正在流入海洋，给海洋带来污染。可知，本文可能会在报纸的关于环保的自然的版面上出现。故选C。DA mix of anxiety rising in my chest and a voice at the back of my mind shouting whats wrong with me?

50、 its how Ive felt about rejection my whole life.The earliest rejection I can remember was on my first day of school. I started the term late due to illness and the teacher asked the class who would play with me at break. The silence was deafening. Now, a bit of online dating sees us rejected by half

51、 the town before weve even started our day. Theres not a break at work. Is there a worse feeling than hitting the final slide on your presentation, boldly asking any questions? and looking around the room to see everyone on their phones?We need to build resilience. For me, this has come in two stage

52、s. First, I spent time listening to the voice of fear that saw each rejection as proof that there was something wrong with me. When I analysed it, I could see it was rarely about me. Perhaps the guy I was talking to was too busy to reply. It was likely that the magazine Id sent a passage to already

53、had an article on that topic. Now, I assume its about me 20 per cent of the time - and I can live with that.The other thing I do is practice rejecting. Because I hate rejection, I shy away from being the rejector, which means I either please people or avoid tricky situations. Instead, Ive come up wi

54、th a few lines for when I want to say no: That sounds great but its not for me; thank you for asking but I decline; it was lovely but I think we should leave it there. Its never pleasant to reject a person but there is a kind way to do it. With resilience and clarity, we can see the plus sides of re

55、jection: it frees us up to do something else, be with someone else and be happier. We cant complain about that.12. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The examples of the authors being rejected.B. The experiences of the authors online dating.C. The reasons of the authors lateness for schoolD. The fe

56、elings of the authors being ignored at work.13. What did the author find after analyzing the reason of rejection?A. He could live with it. B. It was partly about him.C. He did something wrong. D. It had nothing to do with him.14. What might be the authors advice when you reject others?A. Do it with

57、resilience and clarity.B. Come up with a few pleasant lines.C. Please others or avoid tricky situations.D. Show your kindness and dont complain.15. What is one of the benefits of rejection?A. It enables us to live. B. It gives us more time.C. It has some plus sides. D. It does something else.【答案】12.

58、 A 13. D 14. A 15. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要谈论了人际交往中被拒绝的现象、分析原因并给出有关拒绝的建议。【12题详解】主旨大意题。第一段中“its how Ive felt about rejection my whole life.”（这就是我对被拒绝的感觉。）点明文章主题，交往中被拒绝的现象，根据第二段“The earliest rejection I can remember was on my first day of school.”（我记得第一次被拒绝是在我上学的第一天。）和“Now, a bit of online dating sees us

59、 rejected by half the town before weve even started our day.”（而现在，我们还没开始一天的约会就被镇上一半的人拒绝了。）以及“Is there a worse feeling than hitting the final slide on your presentation, boldly asking any questions? and looking around the room to see everyone on their phones?”（还有什么比在演讲的最后一张幻灯片上大胆地问“有什么问题吗?”然后环顾四周，看到每

60、个人都在玩手机?）可知，本段是作者举了一些被拒绝的事例。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“When I analysed it, I could see it was rarely about me.”（当我分析它的时候，我发现它很少是关于我的。）可知，作者分析了被拒绝的原因之后，发现被拒绝与他没有什么关系。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“We need to build resilience.”（我们需要建立韧性。）和最后一段中“Its never pleasant to reject a person but there is a kind way to

61、do it. With resilience and clarity, we can see the plus sides of rejection: it frees us up to do something else, be with someone else and be happier.” (拒绝别人从来都不是一件令人愉快的事，但却有一种友好的方式。有了弹性和清晰度，我们可以看到拒绝的好处：它让我们有时间做其他的事情，和别人在一起，变得更快乐。)可知，作者会建议，当拒绝别人的时候要有弹性和清晰度。故选A项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“With resilience an

62、d clarity, we can see the plus sides of rejection: it frees us up to do something else, be with someone else and be happier.”(有了弹性和清晰度，我们可以看到拒绝的好处：它让我们有时间做其他的事情，和别人在一起，变得更快乐。)可知，拒绝的好处之一是它给我们更多的时间。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Bullying is one of most powerful form

63、s of control that one person can use against another. The aim is to make the victim feel inferior, with the other in the superior position. We need to do more to stop it and educate people to understand that we all have a duty to be respectful and considerate towards others. _16_It can take a lifeti

64、me to recover from such suffering.One of the key challenges when it comes to bullying is that the actions against you seem personal and you feel all alone. The various forms it takes make you miserable, including verbal attacks, social exclusion and silent treatment. Still, there is something you ca

65、n do about it.Recognise and reach out. _17_. Recognition depends on seeing a pattern. For anyone feeling unsettled at work, its worth making a note of incidents, recording the date and time, how you felt and whether there were witnesses. _18_Tell someone you trust. This is the most enabling thing you can do. This ste