STP技术实验配置超详细原创
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1、STP技术 实验目的: 熟悉掌握STP配置, 掌握STP原理及选举过程设备说明: 使用小凡模拟器3640实验拓扑: 实验步骤: 基础配置:(1)把所有线路down掉 sw1(config)#int f0/1 /把SW1的f0/1端口down sw1(config-if)#shutdownsw1(config)#int f0/2 /把SW1的f02端口downsw1(config-if)#shutdownsw2(config)#int f0/1 /把SW2的f0/1端口downsw2(config-if)#shutdown (2)在sw1,sw2,sw3 都分别创建 vlan 10, vlan
2、20sw1#vlan database / 在sw1分别创建vlan 10 vlan 20sw1(vlan)#vlan 10sw1(vlan)#vlan 20 Sw2#vlan database / 在sw2分别创建vlan 10 vlan 20sw2(vlan)#vlan 10sw2(vlan)#vlan 20 Sw3#vlan database / 在sw3分别创建vlan 10 vlan 20Sw3(vlan)#vlan 10Sw3(vlan)#vlan 20 (3) 把sw1,sw2,sw3 的f0/1,f0/2接口划入vlan 10 sw1(config)#int f0/1 sw1(
3、config-if)#switchport access vlan 10 /把f0/1划属于vlan 10sw1(config-if)#int f0/2sw1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10 /把f0/2划属于vlan 10 sw2(config)#int f0/1 sw2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10 /把f0/1划属于vlan 10sw2(config-if)#int f0/2sw2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10 /把f0/2划属于vlan 10 sw3(con
4、fig)#int f0/1 sw3(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10 /把f0/1划属于vlan 10sw3(config-if)#int f0/2sw3(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10 /把f0/2划属于vlan 10 (3)查看配置信息 Sw1sw1#show running-configBuilding configuration.Current configuration : 945 bytes!version 12.4service timestamps debug datetime msecservi
5、ce timestamps log datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname sw1!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!no aaa new-modelmemory-size iomem 5!ip cefno ip domain lookup! !interface FastEthernet0/0!interface FastEthernet0/1 switchport access vlan 10 shutdown /f0/1,f0/2接口属于vlan 10 并且为down 状态!interfac
6、e FastEthernet0/2 switchport access vlan 10 shutdown !interface FastEthernet0/3!interface FastEthernet0/4!interface FastEthernet0/5!interface FastEthernet0/6!interface FastEthernet0/7!interface FastEthernet0/8!interface FastEthernet0/9!interface FastEthernet0/10!interface FastEthernet0/11!interface
7、FastEthernet0/12!interface FastEthernet0/13! interface FastEthernet0/14!interface FastEthernet0/15!interface Vlan1 no ip address!ip http server!control-plane! !line con 0line aux 0line vty 0 4!end sw2 sw2#show running-configBuilding configuration.Current configuration : 945 bytes!version 12.4service
8、 timestamps debug datetime msecservice timestamps log datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname sw2!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!no aaa new-modelmemory-size iomem 5!ip cefno ip domain lookup! !interface FastEthernet0/0!interface FastEthernet0/1 switchport access vlan 10 shutdown /f0/1
9、,f0/2接口属于vlan 10 并且为down 状态!interface FastEthernet0/2 switchport access vlan 10 shutdown !interface FastEthernet0/3!interface FastEthernet0/4!interface FastEthernet0/5!interface FastEthernet0/6!interface FastEthernet0/7!interface FastEthernet0/8!interface FastEthernet0/9!interface FastEthernet0/10!i
10、nterface FastEthernet0/11!interface FastEthernet0/12!interface FastEthernet0/13! interface FastEthernet0/14!interface FastEthernet0/15!interface Vlan1 no ip address!ip http server!control-plane! !line con 0line aux 0line vty 0 4!endsw3sw3#show running-configBuilding configuration.Current configurati
11、on : 945 bytes!version 12.4service timestamps debug datetime msecservice timestamps log datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname sw3!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!no aaa new-modelmemory-size iomem 5!ip cefno ip domain lookup! !interface FastEthernet0/0!interface FastEthernet0/1 switch
12、port access vlan 10 shutdown /f0/1,f0/2接口属于vlan 10 并且为down 状态!interface FastEthernet0/2 switchport access vlan 10 shutdown !interface FastEthernet0/3!interface FastEthernet0/4!interface FastEthernet0/5!interface FastEthernet0/6!interface FastEthernet0/7!interface FastEthernet0/8!interface FastEthern
13、et0/9!interface FastEthernet0/10!interface FastEthernet0/11!interface FastEthernet0/12!interface FastEthernet0/13! interface FastEthernet0/14!interface FastEthernet0/15!interface Vlan1 no ip address!ip http server!control-plane! !line con 0line aux 0line vty 0 4!end实验调试: (1) 将sw1,sw2,sw3的f0/1 ,f0/2,
14、f0/3接口打口 sw1(config)#int f0/1sw1(config-if)#no shsw1(config-if)#int f0/2sw1(config-if)#no shsw2(config)#int f0/1sw2(config-if)#no shsw2(config-if)#int f0/2sw2(config-if)#no sh sw3(config)#int f0/1sw3(config-if)#no shsw3(config-if)#int f0/2sw3(config-if)#no sh (2)在sw1,sw2,sw3 spanging-tree vlan 10 Sw
15、1:sw1#show spanning-tree briefVLAN10 Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 32768 /根网桥ID 优先极为32768 默认值 Address cc00.0bd8.0000 /MAC地址 This bridge is the root Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32768 /网桥ID优先极为默认32768值 Address cc00.0bd8.0000 /mac值与根网桥一
16、样,证明SW1为根网桥 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec /hello时间为2秒 /老化时间为20秒 转发延时为15秒 Aging Time 300Interface DesignatedName Port ID Prio Cost Sts Cost Bridge ID Port ID- - - - - - - -FastEthernet0/1 128.2 128 19 FWD 0 32768 cc00.0bd8.0000 128.2 FastEthernet0/2 128.3 128 19 FWD 0 32768 cc0
17、0.0bd8.0000 128.3 /端口优先极 /默认优先极 /cost 值为19 端口ID值sw2#show spanning-tree vlan 10 VLAN10 Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 32768 Address cc00.0bd8.0000 Cost 19 Port 2 (FastEthernet0/1) Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32768 Address cc00.0c40.000
18、0 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300Interface DesignatedName Port ID Prio Cost Sts Cost Bridge ID Port ID- - - - - - - -FastEthernet0/1 128.2 128 19 FWD 0 32768 cc00.0bd8.0000 128.2 FastEthernet0/2 128.3 128 19 FWD 19 32768 cc00.0c40.0000 128.3 sw3#show spanning-tree
19、 vlan 10 briefVLAN10 Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 32768 Address cc00.0bd8.0000 Cost 19 Port 3 (FastEthernet0/2) Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32768 Address cc00.0c88.0000 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time
20、 300Interface DesignatedName Port ID Prio Cost Sts Cost Bridge ID Port ID- - - - - - - -FastEthernet0/1 128.2 128 19 BLK 19 32768 cc00.0c40.0000 128.3 FastEthernet0/2 128.3 128 19 FWD 0 32768 cc00.0bd8.0000 128.3 sw3#show spanning-tree int f0/1 Port 2 (FastEthernet0/1) of VLAN10 is blocking /端口阻塞 Po
21、rt path cost 19, Port priority 128, Port Identifier 128.2. Designated root has priority 32768, address cc00.0bd8.0000 Designated bridge has priority 32768, address cc00.0c40.0000 Designated port id is 128.3, designated path cost 19 Timers: message age 3, forward delay 0, hold 0 Number of transitions
22、 to forwarding state: 0 BPDU: sent 0, received 457sw3#show spanning-tree int f0/2 Port 3 (FastEthernet0/2) of VLAN10 is forwarding /端口为转发状态 Port path cost 19, Port priority 128, Port Identifier 128.3. Designated root has priority 32768, address cc00.0bd8.0000 Designated bridge has priority 32768, ad
23、dress cc00.0bd8.0000 Designated port id is 128.3, designated path cost 0 Timers: message age 2, forward delay 0, hold 0 Number of transitions to forwarding state: 1 BPDU: sent 1, received 456总结: 最终sw1被选为根网桥,因为它的MAC值最小 阻塞sw3的f0/1端口 STP 收敛过程如下:选举方法(择小优先)选择根网桥先比较网桥优先级,如相等再比较mac址址网桥ID由网桥优先极和网桥MAC地址组成选择根端口根路径成本最小发送方网桥ID最小发送方端口ID最小端口ID由端口优先级和端口号组成选择指定端口根路径成本最小发送方网桥ID最小发送方端口ID最小阻塞其它端口 BPDU有两种类型:1. 配置BPDU2. 拓扑变更BPDU STP的时间参数: 阻断20S 侦听15S学习15S转发12 / 12
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