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1、THE INFINITIVE OF THE VERB不定式是历次历年高考必考的内容。不定式在句子中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补语。 1)不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到谓语的后面。 Itisimportantformodernyoungpeopletomasteratleasttwoforeignlanguages. It做形式主语，不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中：a)Itis形容词(easy,important,difficult,foolish,inconvenient,unnecessary,right,w
2、rong.)(for/ofsb.)不定式b) It is名词不定式(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, ones duty, an honor, a shame, a crime, no easy job. It is essential to reserve a table in advance of Christmas Eve.It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only.It is important for us young people to learn English and master
3、 it.c) It takes (sb.) some time (hours, months, days, a lot of time, patience.)不定式It takes me three hours to learn English each day.It took them half the night to get home in the snow.2)不定式作表语不定式作表语常表示将来的动作，主语常常是表示意向、打算、计划的词，如wish,idea,task,purpose,duty,job等。Themostimportantthingforoneshealthistohav
4、eplentyofexercise.Mychiefpurposehasbeentopointoutthedifficultiesofthematter.3)不定式作宾语不定式常在下列动词后面作宾语：afford,agree,apply,arrange,ask,attempt,beg,begin,care,choose,claim, ,demand,decide,desire,determine,expect,fail,hope,hesitate,hate,intend,learn,like,manage,mean,offer,plan,preparepretend,promise,refuse
5、,seek,tend,threaten,want等。不定式作宾语还常用在下面结构中；主语动词it形容词不定式。We found it impossible to get everything ready in time. I think it important to learn English well in college.使用这种句型的常见动词有：believe, consider, declare, feel, find, guess, imagine, prove, realize, suppose, think,等。4)“whword不定式”结构不定式前加一个疑问代词(what,
6、which, who, whom, whose)或疑问副词(where, when, how, why)，以及连词whether构成特殊的不定式短语，其作用相当于一个从句，这样的不定式短语常在某些动词后面作宾语。常见的可以接这种不定式短语的动词有：know, see, decide, tell,ask,consider,discover,explain,findout,forget,guess,hear,imagine,inquire,learn,observe,perceive,remember,think,understand,wonder等。5)不定式作状语a)不定式作状语表示目的。或用
7、于soas和inorder之后，来强调这种目的。e.gTolearnaforeignlanguagewell,youmustmakepainstakingefforts.b)不定式表示结果，特别是在so.as to, such.as to, only to.以及too.to等结构中的不定式表示结果。 e.gI rushed to the station as fast as I could, only to find the train had already gone.c)不定式常用来修饰形容词，构成下列词组：be able to, be afraid to, be apt to, be b
8、ound to, be certain to, be easy to, be eager to, be fit to, be likely to, be ready to, be sure to, be unable to, be unwilling to, be willing to等。 e.g It is likely to rain today, for it is very cloudy. 6)不定式作宾语补语不定式常跟在下列动词之后作宾语补语：ask,advise,allow,beg,cause,compel,command,enable,encourage,expect,feel,
9、force,find,hear,have,inform,invite,let,make,mean,notice,order,permit,persuade,remind,require,request,teach,tell,urge,watch,warn,watch等。Heaskedyoutocallhimattenoclock.当不定式在 let, make, have, hear, look at, listen to, feel, observe, watch, notice, perceive(感觉到)等动词后面作宾语补语时，不定式不带to. e,gWhenever something
10、 is wrong with you, please do let me know.7)不定式作主补带有宾语及宾语补足语结构的动词变为被动语态时，原来的宾语变为主语，宾补则变为主补。加主补的动词主要有： believe, know, report, say, suppose等。e.g.Mr. Brown is said to have left for Italy last week. (It is said that Mr. Brown left for Italy last week.)8)不定式作定语a)不定式作定语通常要放在其所修饰的名词或代词之后。不定式常作下列的名词定语：attem
11、pt,ability,anything,chance,desire,determination,decision,effort,failure,intention,need,opportunity,plan,promise,pressure,right,tendency,time,way等。e.g.Hiseffortstocarryouttheplanweresuccessful. Ihavenointentiontogotothecinemawithyou.b)由only, last, next,序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式作定语。Mr. Zhang is always the
12、first man to arrive at the office and the last man to leave. I dont think he is the best one to do the work.9)不带to的不定式在下列词组后面的不定式不带to：would rather .than(宁愿也不), had better.(最好)，cant help but.(不得不), had rather.(宁愿)，cannot but.(不得不，必然)，may/might as well.(不妨)，let alone(更不用说)。Youd better return the books to the library on time. Otherwise, you will be fined.Thanks for sharing it with me!Please give me any suggestion if you do find some mistakes.-mellissa
高中英语Unit 1 Getting along with others课件牛津版必修5
