period7虚拟语气

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1、Period 7虚拟语气一、if引导的虚拟条件句条件从句主句与现在事实相反过去式（be 般用were）would / could/ might + v.与过去事实相反had +过去分词would / could/ might+ have + 过去分词与将来事实相反1）过去式2）should + v.3）were to + v.would / could/ might + v.（第一人称可用should,以上同）1. 如果我是你，我会再试一次。If I were you, I would try it again.2. 如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机 If I had one millio

2、n dollars, I would buy the plane.3. 如果他努力学的话，他就通过这次考试If he had worked hard, he would have passed the examination.4要是当时我和她结了婚的话，那我是很不幸的。If I had married her. I would have been unhappy.5如果他明天来的话，我会告诉他这件事.If he came here tomorrow, I would tell him about it.6如果他明天来的话，我会告诉他.If he were to come here tomorr

3、ow, I would tell him.注意：1. 主从句时间不一致情况下的虚拟语气（混合条件句）：有时条件从句中的动作和结果与主句中的动作，发生 的时间不一致，这时动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。If you had followed my advice, you would be able to finish the work now.如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份工作了。（从句说明过去，主句说明现在。）If I were you. I would have gone to her birthday party.如果我是你，我就去参加她的生日晚会了。（从句说明现在，主句说

4、明过去。）If you hadnt lent me some money, I couldnt have bought the new house and most likely I would be still living in the dangerous house now.假若你不借钱给我，我不可能买下这幢新房，很可能现在还住在危房里。（从句说明过去，主句说明过去和现在。2倒装的If虚拟句 如果条件状语中有were, had. should时，可以倒装成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他If I were you. I would try it again.= Wer

5、e I you, I would try it again.If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.=Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.If it should snow tomoiTow, we wouldnt go out =Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.3.含蓄条件句 非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表岀来，只暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。With, without和

6、but for （要不是）等介词短语代替条件句B）其他手段But for the rain the crops would have died（=If it hadnt been for the rain） But for the rain, the crops would die （= If it were not for the rain）But for die fact that he cant sing J would have invited liun to the concertI was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken pa

7、rt in the sports meeting（副词）He telephoned to inform me of your birthday,匹I would have known nothing about it.（连词）I might have given you more help, but I was too busy.（连词）Without sunlight, peoples life would be difierent &oin today.二、虚拟语气用于宾语从句中1）wish虚拟句wish + thatr did/were 现在How I wishJ had done 过去

8、If onlyI would / might /could do 将来I wish I remembered the address 我要是记得地址就好了。(真可惜我忘了)How I wish he had not left.要是他没有离开这里就好了。(他已离开)I wish it would rain tomorrow.要是明天下雨就好了。(说话人以预料明天不会下雨)2) If only (1)要是就好 了 = I wishIf only I knew his name now!If only we had followed your advice last time!If only I c

9、ould see him again next year!3) as if /though区别：He speaks English as if/ though he is from the USA.陈述语气He speaks English as if/ though he were from the USA.虚拟语气如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。 as if /though + Clause 厂did /were(现在)Y had done(过去) l would+动词原形(将来 对现在的虚拟，谓语动词用过去时(系动词用were),意指主从句谓语表示的动词同

10、时发生. 他看起来好象病了.He looks as if he were ill.他感到他应该独自对发生的 事情承担责任Hc felt as if he alone were responsible for what had happened. 对过去的虚拟谓语动词使用had+过去分词，意指从句谓语动词发生在主句谓语动词之前.她英语说的很好就象是在英国学习的一样She spoke English well as if she had studied English in England. 我记得整件事情就象是昨天发生的一样.I remember the whole thing as if it

11、 had happened yesterday.(3)对未来的虚拟谓语动词使用would+动词原形，意指从句谓语动词发生在主句谓语动词之后. 史密斯太太哭得心都快碎了. Mrs. Smith sobbed as if her heart would break.4) suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, desire, insist, require, advise , recommend, urge 弓I 导白勺 宾语从句要用虚拟语气，以(should) + VIts suggested ( ordered, demanded,

12、 proposed, coimnanded. requested, desired, insisted, required) that.后而的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气，也以(should )+ v原.的形式出现 We all suggest that he (should ) finish his homework first.The captain commanded that all the sailors ( should ) get down to work at onceIts ordered tliat only German ( should) be taught at scho

13、ols in Alsas and Lorin.Its requested that all the students ( should ) wear school umfbniis at school.以上这些动词的名词形式后而的表语从句和同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气，也应以(should)+ V原.的形式 出现。My suggestion that you ( should ) go home first before coming hereMy advice is that you (should) practise speaking English as often as possible

14、His request that his cost ( should ) be paid by the hour is completely reasonable.The order came that the work (should) be finished two days ahead of time 注意:当suggest表示“暗示“;insist表示“坚持认为“时不用虚拟！ His accent suggests he comes from Hunan.His silence suggested that he agreed with my decisionHe insisted t

15、hat he was wrongHe insists that domg morning exercises does good to peoples health.三、虚拟语气特殊句型：1would rather that厂现在:过去时J过去：过去完成时未来：过去时I would rather you paid me now.I would rather you had gone too.Dont come. I would ratlier you came tomorrow.2. Its (about/high) time +that 过去时/ should +V你该走 Its high

16、time that you went.Its high time that you were going.It high time that you should go我们该去睡觉了3Its necessary /strange/ natural* unportaiit/a pity/ashame /of importance/urge + that Clause 从句中的动词要用 虚拟，即(should)十动词原形It is important that we (should ) master a foreign languageIt is strange that she refuse t

17、o come to the party.Its necessary tliat we should study hard.虚拟语气综合练习1.1 would have gone to the meeting if Itime.A. had had B. have had C. had D. would have had2.Why didnt you buy a new car? 八I would hate bouglit one if Ienougli money. A. had B. have had C. would have D. had had3.If Iyou. Iworry.A.

18、were/ wouldnt B. was/ wouldnt C. been would have D. be/ would4. Wedelighted if the reporttnie.A. were/ were B. shall be/ were C. should be/ were D. were/ would be5.If hehere, heyou.A. had been/ would have helped B. would have been/ should have helpedC. were/ had helpedD. would have been/ would had h

19、elped6.1f Iso busy. Ithe lecture that day.A. were not be/ should attend B. should not/ should have attendC was not/ would attendD. had not been/ would have attended7If Ithe way to New York. IA. knew / would drive B. knew/ will drive C. knew/ would have drive D. had known/ would drive8. Youthe train

20、if youa little earlier, could take/ startedB. could have taken/ had started C. could take/ had started D. could have taken / started9. Weour lives had it not been for the policeman.A. would have lost B. should lose C. might lose D. could have lost10.the expense, Ito Italy.A. If it were not; go B. We

21、re it not for ; I would go C. Werent it for; will go D. If it had been; would have gone11. it to clear up tomorrow, the tourists would climb to the top of the mountain to wait for the sun.A. If; to raise B. Were; to rise C. Should; to rise D. Because; raising12. How I wish it! If itin a few days, th

22、e crops would be saved.A. will rain: rained B. would rain; should rain C. should rain; rains D. would rain; had rained13. The two strangers talked as if theyfriends for yearsA. were B. would be C. have been D. had been14. He treated me as thoughhis own son.A. I am B. I would be C. I was D. I were15S

23、hould it rain, the cropsA. would be saved B. would have been saved C. will be saved D. had been saved16.for my illness I would have lent him a helping hand.A.Not being B. Without being C. Had it not been D. Not having been17The pilot kept calm in the terrible storm, otherwise an accident.A. couldnt

24、be preventedB. mustnt have preventedC. wouldnt have been preventedD. shouldnt prevent181 was very busy yesterday, othenvise Ito the meetingA. came B. would comeC had comeD. would have come19. But for the help of my English teacher, Ithe first prize in the English Writing CompetitionA. would not win

25、B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won20. It is really strange tliat the girlso early.A. has been married B. has married C. be married D. would marr)r21 .Witliout your help, our teamtlie last match.A. wont win B. will lose C. wouldnt have won D. cant win22. How I wish Ito repair the wa

26、tch! I only made it worse.A. had tried B. hadnt triedC. have triedD. didnt try23.1 recommended that the studenthis composition as soon as possibleA. finishing writing B. should finish the writing C. finish writing D. finished writing24. In the past men generally would rather that their wivesin the h

27、omeA. worked B. would work C. work D. were working25. John did not feel well yesterday; otherwise heto see his classmates off.A. came B would come C. would have come D. should be coming26.Some people are too particular about school records, insisting that every applicantall diplomas fromelementary s

28、chool to universityA. has B. will have C. should have D. must have27Its about time peoplenotice of what women did during the wa匚A. take B. took C. have taken D. will take28. He demanded tliat tlie laboratory reportimmediately after the experiment was done.A. was written B. be written C. must be writ

29、ten D. would be written29.1( is required tliat youat six.A. will arriveB. aiTiveC. arrivedD. would arrive30. If only Ihow to operate an electronic computer as you do.A. had known B. would know C. should know D knew31.If lieto the teacher attentively, hethe answer to the problem now.A .liad listened, would have known B. listened, would knowC. listened, would liave knownD had listened. would know32.1 would have conic earlier, but Itliat you were waiting for meA. didnt know E. hadnt know C. would hav亡 known D. havent known33. Fd rather younghtaway. A. leave B. left C will leave D to leave4