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1、An Analysis on the Translation of Big Breasts and Wide Hips from the Perspective of Cultural Differe1.IntroductionBigBreastsandWideHipsisanovelwrittenbyMoYanin1995forhisdeceasedmother.MoYaneulogizeshismotherastheoriginalcreatoroflives，andmakesthecontinuityoflivessignificant.Thetranslatorofthisnovel，
2、HowardGoldblatt，whohasrenderedotherworksofMoYan，makesgreatcontributiontoconveyingMoYansideologiesaswellasthetraditionalChineseculturetotheworld.Cultureisindispensabletoourdailylife，andlanguageisthecarrierofculture.Assuch，theculturaldifferencesbetweenEnglish-spokencountriesandChinaexertgreatinfluence
3、sontheprocessoftranslation.ThispaperaimstodiscussexcerptsofEnglishversionofBigBreastsandWideHipswithrespecttoregionalculture，thinkingpatterns，socialcustomsandreligiousbeliefs.ThispaperalsoanalyzeshowGoldblattusestranslationstrategiestotackletheseculturaldifferences.2.CulturalDifferencesandTranslatio
4、n2.1RegionalCultureDifferentregionalculturesformdifferentcognitionsonthesamethingthatcanbeembeddedwithrichconnotationanddenotationinonelanguagecontext.Meanwhile，itcanalsobenothingspecialinotherlanguagebackground.Fromthisperspective，howsourcetextisappropriatelytranslatedintothetargetlanguage？Thefollo
5、wingexamplewillshowdetailedinformation.“牛鞭istranslatedinto“horsewhipsinthetargettext，becauseofnon-correspondingconnotationofthiswordbetweentwolanguages.Thewords“oxand“horsehavesimilarfunctionintwolanguages.InChina，oxhasplayedanimportantroleintheagriculturalsocietysinceShangDynastymadeasignificantcon
6、tributiontothedevelopment.Butinwesterncountries，horseisanindispensabletoolusedonfarmingandinwars.Asaresult，Westernerspreferusinghorseinsteadofoxtodescribesomeabstractthingsindailylife.If“牛鞭hadbeentranslatedinto“oxwhipes，itwouldbestrangeinthecultureoftargetlanguage，andWesternerswouldgetconfusedbyitsm
7、eaning.Fortacklingthisproblem，translatortakesthestrategyof“naturalizationbyreplacingwithasimilartermintargetculture.Inthisway，theoxcultureinChinacanbedeliveredtotargetreadersaslogicalandaccurateaspossible.2.2ThinkingPatterns2.2.1EthicalthinkingvscognitivethinkingConfucianismhasagreatinfluenceontheCh
8、inesesociety，thusChinesepaysgreatattentiontoethicswhileEnglishtocognition.ThisethicalthinkingmanifestsitselfinChinese.Forexample，“三綱五常莫言105originallymeansthreecardinalguidesrulerguidessubject，fatherguidessonandhusbandguideswifeandthefiveconstantvirtuesbenevolence，righteousness，propriety，wisdomandfid
9、elityXiang-YunDu82.However，Goldblattsimplyrendereditas“threecardinalvaluesofsocialrelationsGoldblatt135with“五常omitted，becauseGoldblattdoesnotwanttoburdenitstarget-readers.Since“五常isawordhighlyadvocatedintheChinesefeudalsociety，wedeemitwouldbebetterifGoldblattadoptsthestrategyofforeignizationtofaithf
10、ullyconveyitsoriginalmeaningtotargetreadersandthuscarryforwardtraditionalChineseculture.2.2.2FigurativethinkingvslogicalthinkingChineseisafigurativelanguage，whichcanbetracedbacktohieroglyphic-oldChinesecharacterstoconveymeaningbydrawingpicturessimilartophysicalobjects.Chineseprefersusingfigurativewo
11、rdstoillustrateabstractmeanings.Chineseischaracterizedbyparataxis，withsentenceslooselyconnectedandrunninginalinearway，whichrequiresreaderstoreadbetweenthelinestogetitsmeaning.Wheras，Englishisalanguageoflogicalandanalyticalthinking.Thus，Englishishypotacticbyusinglotsofconnectivewordstomakeitalogicala
12、ndcomprehensibleunit.Forinstance，打開窗户说亮话莫言83Goldblattstranslationistohaveaheart-to-hearttalk.Goldblatt112InChinese，thisphrasemeanspeoplehavinacandidtalkwitheachotherwithoutconcealingsecrets.翻开窗户isafigurativewayofexpressingthemeaningofopeningtheheart.Insteadofliteraltranslation，Goldblattemploysfreetr
13、anslationtoconveyitsdeepmeaningtothetargetreaders.SocialCustomsWecallbehavioraldifferencescausedby“naturalconditionsasfengandthesocialculturaldifferencesassu李旭219.Socialcustomsindicatecertainhabitwithincertaincommunityduringcertaintimeandbringdifferentassociationsinthisnovel.MoYandescribessurroundin
14、gsceneryandcreaturewithculturalassociationstoshowunderlyingmeanings.“喜鹊在院子外那棵白杨树上噪叫。看来今天真是有喜了莫言3“Magpies，theso-calledhappinessbirds，chatteredinpoplartreesoutsideHowardGoldblatt1InChineseculturemagpieisaluckybirdtoinformgoodnewsandrepresentthefortuneofthefamilywhenflyingintopeopleshouseintheNewYear.T
15、hisassociationpavesthewayforgivingbirthtothebabyoftheheroineinnextplot.However，themagpiebringsmisfortuneandisseenasagossiperinthewest.ThestrategyofintratextualglossAixela59isusedtohandledifferentintertextualstatus58，addingannotationandexplainingtheassociationofmagpieas“theso-calledhappinessbirds.Rea
16、derswhodontknowChinesesocialcustomsgettheadditionalinformationtounderstandtheconnectionbetweentheluckybirdandchildbirthing.“鸡的喉咙便豁然开朗，一股黑色的血淅淅沥沥地莫言12“Theroostersthroatopenedup，releasingatorrentofinkyredbloodHowardGoldblatt16Thederogativemeaningof“blackindicatesdeathinChineseculture.Butinthewest，blac
17、kisasymbolofelegantandhighclass.HowardGoldblattdeletedblackandsubstitute“blackbloodto“inkyred16.Asfortheforeignreaders，theyjustbasetheirjudgmentontheinformationthattheyarelookingatwithouttheconsiderationofunderlingmeanings，especiallywhentheyareespousedtotheunfamiliarculturalbackground.Therefore，byus
18、ingthetranslationstrategiesofadaptationandappropriatedeletionAixela59，thetranslatortriestousetheconceptthatismorefamiliartothetargetreadersandclosertotheirculturalbackground.ReligiousBeliefs“Religiousbeliefisthebeliefintherealityofthemythological，supernatural，orspiritualaspectsofareligion ：/en.m.wik
19、ipedia.org/wiki/Religious_belief.ThroughoutMoYansBigBreastsandWideHips，religiousbeliefisrifewhichpresentsthatTaoismhasawide-ranginginfluenceonthesociallifeofChinesepeople.However，westernershaveabetterunderstandingofChristianliving.Forexample，“菩萨祖宗保佑所有的神、所有的鬼你们都保佑我吧、饶恕我吧天公地母、黄仙狐狸，帮助我吧莫言5“LordinHeaven
20、，protectmeWorthyAncestors，protectmegodsanddemonseverywher，protectme，spareme.FatherorHeaven，MotherofEarth，yellowspiritsandfoxfairies，helpme，pleaseHowardGoldblatt5InordertobridgethegapbetweenChineseandWesternculture，Goldblatt“bringstheCSIintotheintertextualcorpusfeltasspecificbythetargetlanguagecultur
21、eAlvarez，Roman，andM.CarmenAfricaVidal63.Byemployingnaturalizationstrategy，hetranslated“菩萨into“lordinheaven，and“神into“god.However，thereligiousbeliefbetweenWesternCountriesandChinaisextremelydifferent.Taoismisanoriginalpolytheism.Thereisnolimitanddistancebetweenordinarypeopleand“神inTaoism.Conversely，C
22、hristianitybelievesthatpeoplehavenorighttoapproachLord.Inhistranslation，readerswillbesoconfusedthatChristianityisthesameasTaoism.Inthissense，togainabetterunderstandingofChinesereligiousculture，transliterationplusanexplanationofthemeaningorimplicationsoftheCSIcanbeamoreadaptableway.3.ConclusionInconc
23、lusion，localflavorofnortheasternChinainBigBreastsandWideHipscanbetracedinregionalfeatures，thinkingpatterns，socialcustomsandreligiousbeliefs.ThetranslationofthisnovelisinevitableengagedinthehandlingofculturalclashesbetweentheEastandtheWest.HowardGoldblattdownplaysthesedivergencesbyadoptingnaturalizat
24、ion，intratextualglossanddeletion.Thesetranslationstrategiescontributetonarrowingthegapbetweentargetandoriginaltexttoconveytheessenceofthenoveltoforeignreaders.However，someculturaldifferencescannotbecompletelybridgedbyapplyingthesetranslationmethods.Interculturalcommunicationisfundamentaltoresolvethi
25、sissue.References：【1】Aixel，JavierFranco.“Culture-SpecificItemsinTranslation.Translation，Power，Subversion.Ed.Romn?varezandM.Carmen-?fricaVidal.Clevedon：MultilingualMatters，1996.52-78.【2】Goldblatt，Howard.Trans.BigBreastsandWideHips.ByMoYan.NewYork：Arcadepublishing，2020.【3】Kirkeb?k，MadsJakob，Xiang-Yun，DuandAarupJensen，Annie.“NegotiatingtheContext.TeachingandLearningCulture.TheNetherlands：Sensepublishers，2020【4】劉小林.翻译中的文化差异J.郑州航空工业管理学院学报社会科学版，2020，3：118-120.【5】李旭.中西方文化差异对文化的影响J.鸭绿江下半月版，2020，6：218-219.【6】莫言.丰乳肥臀M.上海：上海文艺出版社第一版，2020.【作者简介】宋勖元，广东职业技术学院。
An Analysis on the Translation of Big Breasts and Wide Hips from the Perspective of Cultural Differe
