DistributedIntelligentCityStreetLampMonitoringandControlSystemBasedonWirelessCommunicatio

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1、Distributed Intelligent City Street Lamp Monitoring and Control System Based onWireless Communication chip nRF401 Abstract: Traditional street lamp lighting systems control style has disadvantage of low efficient, high cost and difficult to monitor, etc, so, it has not met modern city requirement. I

2、n order to realize distributed long distance city street lamp state automatic control in real time, we introduces a kind of wireless long distance intelligent city street lamp monitoring and control system based on SCM technology, electric power carrier communication, and wireless communication tech

3、nology, etc. System is composed of upper PC, main controller, and each terminal controller. Upper PC controls main controller SCM MSP430F19, and transmits control instruction to field controller, MSP430F149 controls corresponding lighting lamp switchs state changing by wireless transceiver nRF401. U

4、pper PC can effectively complete wireless long distance lighting equipment control in real time. Through experiments, transmission distance can reach 1000m in maximum. In addition, we design illumination monitor equipment, which can assure lamp shut down automatically when communication network fail

5、ure. Keywords: street lamp monitoring and control; MSP430F149; nRF401; wireless communication; AT89C51; electric power carrier communication I. INTRODUCTION Street lamp lighting is city part of infrastructure, which plays important position at traffic safety, society security, people living, city ap

6、pearance style and feature, as well as making a city strength and mature degree. Traditional street lamp controlling adopts time-controller or transformer (distribution box) to realize decentralized control, which has disadvantages of bad centralized management, and high failure rate. Due to without

7、 long distance data collection and communication function, street lamp management in real time has not been realized, so, lamp working, operation result, etc can not be centralize monitor, record, and static, which usually can not get timely maintenance. This paper introduces a kind of street lamp l

8、ong distance monitoring and control system through research work principle, realization, and character, etc based on SCM technology, wireless communication technology, etc after analyzing disadvantages of traditional monitoring and control system. This system realizes lighting according to needed, a

9、nd monitor alarming, which complete long distance street lamp monitoring and control and has stronger feasibility 1. II. SYSTEM COMPOSITION AND PRINCIPLE System is composed of each single lamp monitoringcontrol terminal controller equipment, street lamp monitor central station and upper PC, etc. Eac

10、h street lamp monitor central station connects with work central station by wireless transmission, and central station links with upper PC through RS232/485 or USB interface by wire style. According to different of geographical distribution situation, each work central station connects with one or m

11、ultiple work slave station by wireless communication links. Upper PC obtains lighting equipment switch state by communicating with terminal equipment. And work central station can communicate with upper PC by RS232/485 or USB bus interface. Upper PC displays field lighting equipment state in real ti

12、me. Each single lamp monitor-control terminal controller can realize lighting lamp start or close by upper PC, because city lamp distance is longer, we can make street lamp monitor central station as data collection equipment through electric power carrier line as communication medium. That is to sa

13、y, after central station connected, then connects with upper PC through interface, which can fit to large scale field needs of city and realize longer distance data transmission. Distributed network structure principle is shown as Figure 1. Each monitor terminal lower PC can itself set street lamp w

14、ork information or download control schema through upper PC, such as clock calendar, open/close time, etc. Upper can each street lamp working state; monitor central station node can transmit instruction to upper PC through wireless jumping communication among each nodes; each street lamp node contro

15、ls its working information, and realize failure alarming through electric power carrier line; if some lamp node failure, beyond this node and communication, as well as feedback this information to control central and upper PC. SCM MSP430F149 acts as monitor central station controller; upper PC conne

16、cts with work central station by RS232/485 or USB bus and realizes information exchange, which responds whole system monitor and management. Monitor central station controller receiver all kinds of operation control command and setting parameters of upper PC, and each field street lamp controller co

17、llects switch analogy and realize long distance lighting lamp control according to control schema. Upper PC connects work central station by RS485 or USB bus interface; gets and storages monitoring data through work slave station uploading monitoring data. As well as downloading control schema and a

18、void system out of control phenomenon appearance because of network failure. In addition, each single street lamp controller has ability of light-intensity detection module, which can realize automatically on-off according to night or day. III. HARDWARE CIRCUIT DESIGN System street lamp monitor cent

19、ral station controller adopts America TI .co SCM of MSP430F149; it is a kind of low power mix-signal controller, which has 16 bit RSIC structure, 16 bit register and constant generator of CPU. On running of CPU, if it goes wrong, DCO will automatically start, and assures system work normally. If pro

20、gram error, we can set watch dog to solve it. And on program fleeting, watch dog will appear overflow situation, watch dog will produce reset signal, and make system restart, which can assure system running stability. A. Single Lamp Monitoring Equipment Main function of single lamp monitor terminal

21、is switch on-off of controlling lamp, collecting lamp working information in real time, and communication with monitor central station controller, its hardware module frame diagram is shown as Figure 2. ISL29000 working lighting intensity range is between 1lux and 10000lux, and can transfer it into

22、currency; outputting currency is proportional to receiving lighting intensity of photodiode. Outputting currency is converted into voltage, calculate outer circumstance lighting intensity through A/D conversion, and SCM judges if street on or off. Through lighting intensity monitor module, system ca

23、n realize to automatically control street lamp on-off to avoid communication failure. Lower PC can get each street lamp terminal address through setting digital port coding, and realize relay driving on-off state, as well as using currency transformer to obtain lamp working state information. Single

24、 lamp monitor terminal adopts SCM AT89C51,and realize communication with MSP430F149 through electric power carrier communication. Electric power communication module is composed by electric power carrier communication professional chip SSC P300 and SSC 2. B. Wireless Transceiver Circuit Design Syste

25、m adopts nRF401 wireless transceiver chip of Nordic of Norway as core of wireless communication module 3. Core architecture of Bluetooth technology, the ability of anti-jamming is very strong of type of modulation FSK. The working frequency is stable and reliable and peripheral components are few. S

26、o it is adapt to design portable hand-in products. Owing to its low transmitting frequency, high receiving sensitivity and carrier frequency which value is 433MHz of ISM frequency band. nRF401 satisfies the demands of wireless supervisor and permitting license is unnecessary. nRF401 can convert stan

27、dby state to common one or transmitting state to receiving one. According to real design demands, the control port PWR_UP, CS, TXEN of nRF401 connects to SCM through pull down resistance. So, when the corresponding port of MSP430F149 is in input state, owing to pull down resistance, the current cons

28、umption is nearly zero4. Because SCM of MSP430F149 series automatically has serial communication ports, it can be connected to transceiver circuit of nRF401. Level transform is unnecessary. The working frequency band of Radio frequency module is set by the interface CS of serial peripheral equipment

29、s of nRF401.In addition, through adjusting bias resistance of RF_PWR port, radiated power can be adjusted. The maximum radiated power can be +10dBm. Also, the chips VCO circuit needs external connection of VCO inductance whose value is 22nH and the inductance is very crucial. Q433MHz, the precision

30、is 2%. The wireless transceiver principle is shown as Figure 3. The structure of inspection device is as same as each detection apparatus wireless transceiver unit. The wireless interface is designed to be coil aerial with small bulk and low costs and it can be corroded to PCB board directly. It is

31、very suit to portable and low consumption productions. C. System Anti-jamming Design To prevent electromagnetic jamming, this system adopts anti-jamming measure; because electromagnetic jamming frequency segment is 0.1Hz50MHz, so, system communication adopts frequency 433MHz, which can avoid main el

32、ectromagnetic interference. Under field circumstance, antenna selection can improve system anti-jamming function, so, inspection touring station selects high-gain omni-directional antenna. To avoid much more terminal station number, antenna tuning of PCB outer, and trouble of circle antenna field tu

33、ning, etc. We select low price single whip antenna and fix it on top of suitable position, which can obtain best transceiver effect. nRF401 DC near VDD adopts high character capacity to decouple, nRF401 power has been filtered and let it isolates with digital circuit. In addition, because inspection

34、 touring equipment controller connects with central station PC by RS-485 bus, output port is double end balance driver, input port is double different amplifier. So, jamming noise can be cancelled out. Because work slave station single lamp monitoring and control equipment has delay switch action, w

35、hich producing micro variable voltage du/dt, and micro currency di/dt are all jamming source. Method of reducing jamming source du/dt is parallel capacity, and reducing jamming source di/dt is series inductance or resistance to increase fly wheel diode. In this system, we increase fly wheel diode of

36、 delay coil to eliminate jamming of reverse electromotive force when disconnecting coil. But, if only add fly wheel diode will produce time delay, so, we add zener diode to realize action more times in unit time 5. IV. SYSTEM SOFTWARE DESIGN Software design is anther key to realize system function.

37、To convenient to replant and resource sharing, software system adopts structured process design scheme, which can make system has better modularity and portability. Software design is composed of single lamp monitor-control program, street lamp monitor central station control program, upper PC displ

38、ay-control program, wireless communication program, etc. Key of system software design is street lamp monitor station and wireless communication module design, etc. Single lamp monitor-control slave station software is responsibility to data collection and communication, etc. Wireless communication

39、module is made up of initial program, transmitting and receiving program, etc. Because system any one of nodes can communicate with other nodes at any time. So, each monitor-control node communication program is basic same. Main program of system includes two parts, which one is street lamp monitor

40、central station MSP430F149 receiving upper PC correct instruction, then transmitting corresponding instruction to field lighting lamp. The other part is controlling each single lamp state according to receiving instruction. A. Upper PC Communication Upper PC adopts VB language to design friend manma

41、chine interface, which can reach higher control demand, and cost is lower. As well as meet many number control system requirement. We use Microsoft Comm Control communication control file that VB provides, only need compiling little program code, and can realize data transceiver. MSP430F149 SCM adop

42、ts IARC430 language to design and complete communication with upper PC. Upper PC monitor software structure flow is shown as Figure 4. B. Wireless Transceiver Module Design of transceiver module communication between monitor central station controller MSP430F149 and lower PC controller AT89C51 is co

43、nnected through wireless transceiver nRF401 chip, which realizes data transmission. When transceiver module has transmitting or receiving task, SCM fulfills by interruption style, which assures control main program running normally6.Transmission data must fit communication protocol that can be recog

44、nized by receiver. So, we need packet data, and add protocol head, transmission length, check, etc. Packet data can be sent into interface, and transmitted by wireless module. Data marking head is used to express a new data blocks starting; block length assures data can not be lost. On programming,

45、we should pre-design communication protocol and think data error correction. Error correction can adopts checksum style or CRC check style, checksum is adding data except marking head, which assures receiving data can not error because of circumstance jamming. Transceiver process flow is shown as Fi

46、gure 5. C. Single Lamp Monitor Module Single lamp monitor terminal management module, which mainly completes function of monitor controller and single lamp monitor address setting, adding, and modifying, etc; single lamp state controlling and checking module, which mainly completes central station c

47、ontroller time adjusting, single lamp switch controlling and state monitoring, as well as on line programming timingcontrolling, and night lamp controlling, etc; failure alarming module, which is realize street lamp remote abnormal, state abnormal, or currency failure, etc recording and alarming in

48、sound-light style, until processing in time after user notice normal; lighting lamp rate module, maintenance management module, etc. V. EXPERIMENT AND CONCLUSIONS This paper designs a wireless long distance lighting control system based on electric power carrier communication and wireless communicat

49、ion technologies, and based on chip of SCM MSP430F149, AT89C51 and nRF401, etc, which realizes centralized management and distributed control function, etc. Experiment results show that transmission distance between a PC and multi work slave station controller can reach 1000m through system experime

50、nt, and completes field street lamp lighting equipment control accuracy. This paper mainly introduces hardware and software design of wireless communication module and upper PC interface module. System uses VB visualization character to design application program, and realizes lighting lamp long dis

51、tance automatically control effect under Windows circumstance. System has many advantages of high anti-jamming, better expansibility, simple structure, low cost, and strong practicality7. System adopts wireless data transmission technology, it not only improves snr (signal-to-noise ratio) and monito

52、rs precision, but also avoids many heavy works such as signal transmission cable traffic, cable routing, cable connection, and cable monitor, etc. And reduce monitor and system monitor workload, time and cost, so, in great degree, it has broader applicability and better economy. If we change measure

53、ment style, for example, fix other monitor sensor, and modify corresponding software, we can easy to realize many other industry control value monitor in real time. Such as coal mine harmful gas concentrations monitor, grain storage temperature monitor, intelligent building monitor, etc. So, system

54、has better popularization value and application prospect. VI. CONCLUSIONS This paper introduces street lamp long distance upper PC monitoring and control system design method, structure, and design hardware/software, etc. System uses wireless communication technology and electric power carrier cable

55、 communication technology, etc, which completes city street lamp monitoring and control in real time. System can also find failure in time and easy to maintenance, and reach to save energy on night lamp controlling, as well as on line program dividing groups timing control, which can assure lighting

56、 lamp rate, so, it realizes city street lamp information management. System adopts advanced street lamp long distance monitoring and control technology, which makes system has advantages of high automation, reliable operation, high efficiency power saving, and convenient to maintenance, etc, which c

57、an make up insufficiency of traditional street lamp lighting system. REFERENCES 1 Cui Guimin, Qin Huibin, Luo You. “The Study ofWireless StreetLampControl System,” Electronics & Packaging, 2007.12, p.42. 2 Tang Guizhong, Zhang Guangming, Ji Chuihua. “Design of Wireless Monitor Terminal for City Stre

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