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1、?Synecdoche提喻?Synecdoche来自希腊语，是共同担起takinguptogether的意思?Afigureofspeechbywhichapartisputforthewhole,thewholeforthepart,speciesforgenus,thegenusforthespeciesorthenameofthematerialforthethingmade.WebstersThirdInternationalDictionarySynecdoche大体分为七大类：?apartisusedforawhole?以部分代全体?awholeisusedforapart?以全体
2、代部分?anindividualforaclass?以一种事物代替一类事物?aclassforanindividual?用一类事物代替一种事物?amaterialforthing?用原材料代替其制品。?以具体事物代替抽象事物?Abstractforconcrete?以抽象事物代替具体事物?Concreteforabstract?1.apartisusedforawhole?以部分代全体?Theywereshortofhandsatharvesttime.Twentyeyeswatchedoureverymove.?Wewillseehowthesenewfacesperformbeforeju
3、dgingthem.?我们要先看看这些新人工作如何，然后再判断他们。?Yetthereweresomestoutheartswhoattemptedresistance.?然而，仍然有勇敢的人试图反抗。?Thisismorethanfleshandbloodcanbear.?这是人所不能忍受的。?Iwouldcountthreehundredthatsfiveminutesandnotoneofyouistomoveamuscle.你们谁都不许动一动。?TheGreatWallwasmadenotonlyofstonesandearth,butofthefleshandbloodofmilli
4、onsofmen.?长城不仅是用石头和土建造的，而且是用几百万人的性命建成的。?ThenJudas,whichhadbetrayedhim,whenhesawthathewascondemned,repentedhimself,andbroughtagainthethirtypiecesofsilvertothechiefpriestsandelders,saying,IhavesinnedinthatIhavebetrayedtheinnocentblood.?OldTestament:Matt.27:330 个银币拿回来给祭?这时，出卖耶稣的犹大看见耶稣已经定了罪，就后悔，把那司长和长老：
5、说：我出卖了无辜之人是有罪的。?innocentblood无辜人的血代替无辜的人Jesus?2.awholeisusedforapart以全体代部分?Englandwonthefootballgame.?Thenthesurgeoncutmeopenandtookouttheappendixandstitchedmeupagain.?Me代替myabdomen我的腹部。?Alltheplantsinthecoldcountryareturninggreeninthissmilingyear.?Selmastuckherheadoutthecarwindowandrolledhereyes.Sa
6、fewithUSArmy.DontdoanythingIwouldntdo.?塞尔玛把头伸出车窗外，眼睛骨碌碌转。跟美国大兵在一起很安全。”不用做任何我不愿做的事。?AustraliabeatCanadaatcricket.?Thecarconkedout.?Theplanesflamedout.?Theradio(TV)isoutoforder.?3.anindividualforaclass?以一种事物代替一类事物?Hemanagestoearnhisbread.?他设法谋生。?Eddieearnedhisbreadandbutterasabookkeeper,butaddedalittl
7、ejambyworkingwithadancebandatweekend.?艾迪以当会计为业，周末还在一个舞会乐队干活，赚点外快。?Alas,thatSpringshouldvanishwiththeRose!?啊，春天将随着玫瑰花的凋谢而消失。?4.aclassforanindividual用一类事物代替一种事物?Thesmilingseasonhascome.?Whatadespicablecreatureheis.?5.amaterialforthing?用原材料代替其制品?Haveyouanycoppers?你有零钱吗？?Hewalkedtheboardsforaliving.?他为谋
8、生当演员。?6.以具体事物代替抽象事物?.sayingthatitwasthemostbeautifultongueintheworld,.?他说这是世界上最美的语言。?这里用具体的tongue代替抽象的language?Thegentlemaninmemademestanduptogoaway,butthejournalistinmemademestandstill.?我的君子风度使我站起来告辞，然而我的记者本能却使我站住不动。?Thebusinessmanisamixtureofthefoxandthetiger.?“Politicalpowergrowsoutofthebarrelofagun.”?(MaoZedongrefersittothemilitaryrevolution)?7.以抽象事物代替具体事物?Allthewitandthelearningwereassembledhere.representative?所有有才智的人和有学识的人都聚集在这里。?Itwasnotonlywriters,youknow,itwasathoroughlygathering-science,politics,business,art,theworld.
大学英语八级考试复习资料Synecdoche4
