麻的气道管理
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1、Airway ManagementEMS ProfessionsTemple CollegeTopics for DiscussionAirway Maintenance ObjectivesAirway A&P ReviewCauses of Respiratory Difficulty & DistressAssessing Respiratory FunctionMethods of Airway ManagementMethods of Ventilatory ManagementCommon Out-of-Hospital Equipment UtilizedAdvanced Met
2、hods of Airway Mgmt & VentilationsRisks to the ParamedicObjectives of Airway Management & VentilationPrimary Objective:Ensure optimal ventilationDeliver oxygen to the bloodEliminate carbon dioxide (C02) from the bodyDefinitionsWhat is Airway Management?How does it differ from spontaneous, manual or
3、assisted Ventilations?Objectives of Airway Management & VentilationWhy is this so important?Brain death occurs rapidly; Other tissue followsEMS providers can reduce additional injury/diseaseEMS providers often neglect BLS airway & ventilation skillsAirway Anatomy ReviewAnatomy of the Upper AirwayAna
4、tomy of the Lower AirwayLung Capacities/VolumesPediatric Airway DifferencesAnatomy of the Upper AirwayFunctions: Warm, Filter, HumidifyNasopharynxformed by union of facial bonesnasal floor towards ear not eyelined with mucous membranes and ciliatissues are delicate and vascularAnatomy of the Upper A
5、irwayOropharynxTeethTongueLg muscle attached at mandible and hyoid bonesMost common airway obstructionPalateRoof of mouthSeparates oro- & nasopharynxAnterior=hard palate; Posterior=soft palateAnatomy of the Upper AirwayOropharynxAdenoidslymph tissue - filters bacteriacommonly infectedEpiglottisPreve
6、nts aspirationDirects air vs. otherVallecula“pocket” formed by the base of tongue & epiglottisAnatomy of the Upper AirwayAnatomy of the Upper AirwaySinusescavities formed by cranial bonesact as tributaries for fluid to & from eustachian tubes & tear ductstrap bacteria, commonly infectedAnatomy of the Upper AirwayLarynxattached to hyoid bonehyoid: horseshoe shaped bone (cartilage)hyoid supports tracheathyroid cartilagefirst tracheal cartilage - shield shapedcartilage anterior but smooth muscle posterior“Adams Apple”Glottic opening directly behind
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