中国文化概览期末题英文

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1、文化概略期末考试答疑一、选择题。Multiple Choice (20%1. Which was the dyn asty that first in troduced the imperial exam in ati on system for recruit ing civil service officials in ancient Chi na?An swer: The Sui Dyn asty.2. Of the four religio ns prevaili ng in Chi na: Buddhism, Taoism, Islam and Christia n ity, whi

2、ch one is the n ative born?An swer: Taoism3. Chin ese people usually worship a nu mber of deities that, they wish, will bring t hem bless ings in their daily life. They en shri ne and worship various gods in their home to meet their various n eed, They take such a deity just as an image of power r a

3、ther tha n a genuine religi on. For example, they put up an image of the god of home guard on the door wishi ng to keep the security of the family. Whe n they wish to get rich, they usually put up the god ofin their home?An swer: Cai She n or the god of wealth.4. What is the n ame of the god that pe

4、ople in the coastal regi on of Southeastern Ch ina worship and wish him to keep them safe at sea?A. Mazu B. Gua nyin C. BuddhaAn swer: A5. Buddhism was first in troduced to Chi na in the first cen tury A.D. or so, whe n Emperor Min gdi of the Easter n Han Dyn asty was in rule. The first Buddhist tem

5、ple in Ch in ese history, built at Luoya ng city, Henan Provin ce, is called.An swer: Bai Ma Si (The Temple of White Horse)6. The great con temporary pain ter Qi Baishi was gifted with a fine arts power, bein g skillful in painting the images of fish, birds, flowers and in sects. The won derof his w

6、orks lies in somewhere betwee n resembla nee and dissembla nee, vividly and l ively. Hisis widely known in Chi na.A. A cluster of shrimps B. Don key C. Gallopi ng HorsesAn swer: A7. True or False? Is Jasm ine ( 茉莉花)a folk song of Jia ngsu Provin ce?8. Which min ority eth nic groups dwelli ng com mun

7、 ity is called the hometow n of peaco cks?A. Tujia n ati on alityB. Dai n ati on alityC. Hui n ati on alityD. Shui n atio nalityAn swer: B.9. What is the n ame of the moun ta in where the largest Chin ese Taoist architectural complex is located?An swer: Wuda ng Mountain. 29. Accordi ng to wedd ing c

8、ustoms in ancient China, a bride was carried to a bridegrooms home by?A. Bridal seda n-chair B. a horse C. a carAn swer: Bridal seda n-chair.10. Of all the traditi onal Chin ese festivals, which one is set to mark the famous p oet Quyua n?A. Drag on-boat FestivalB. Qi ngmi ng FestivalC. Festival of

9、the 8th of the lunar December.An swer: A. Drag on-boat Festival.11. Choose: 布衣 ” refers to:A. Ordi nary people B. Officials C. SoldiersAn swer: An ordinary people12. The logo adopted for Olympic games in 2008 is a Chi nese seal. When were seals com monly used in China?A. Zhou Dyn asty B. Han Dyn ast

10、y C. Tang Dyn asty13. The Qin Dyn asty first in troduced the official system of using seals or stamps: The pers onal seal of the emperor was called imperial seal, the coun selor- in-chief u sed gold seal, and various officials of the court used gold, silver or bronze seals accord ing to their differ

11、e nt ran ks. Later, followi ng dyn asties in Chin ese historygen erally in herited the same system. What ki nd of material was the imperial seal ma de of?A.Gold B. Jade. C. Bron ze D. SilverAn swer: B14. Which of the followi ng products were traditi onal exported ones in ancient Chi na?A. Glass B.Si

12、lk C.Porcelain D.SugarAn swer: B, C.15. She n Kuo of the Norther n Song Dyn asty wrote a world famous scie ntific work, whi ch gave a detailed descripti on of the movable-type prin ti ng, in additi on to the int roducti on to the assembli ng of a compass. What work is it?An swer: Sketchbook of Dream

13、 Brook （ 梦溪笔谈）16. Excha nges betwee n China and other coun tries and regi ons in an cie nt times had las ted for a long time, and duri ng this long process of excha nge China had lear ned var ious tech no logies from other coun tries. Which of the followi ng tech no logies was int roduced to China f

14、rom other coun tries?A. Glassmak ing tech no logy B. Raisi ng silkworm C. Wine brew ing D Papermak ing.An swer:A.17. Which of the followi ng fruits does n ot orig in ate from Chi na?A. Peach. B.apricot C. water mel on D.appleAn swer: C, D.18. Which of the follow ing vegetables are in troduced from o

15、ther coun tries?A.Potato B.Ch in ese cabbage C.sweet potato D. tomato19. Nostalgia seems to be a shallow cha nn el; I am on this side, and the mainland o n the other. Who is the famous poet of Taiwa n?An swer: Yu Guan gzho ng.20. What is the n ame of the archetypal Neolithic cultural site discovered

16、 in the su burbs of Xia n in Shaa nxi Provin ce?An swer: The Banpo Cultural site.21. In Chin as mythology, who was the hero to separate heave n from earth?An swer: Pan Gu.22. I n Chi nas mythology, who created huma n bein gs?An swer: Nvwa.23. I n Chi nas historical lege nds, who was the first of the

17、 Five Emperors?An swer: Huan gdi ( and the others were Zhua nxu, Diku, Yao, Shun).24. In Chin as historical lege nds, who was the first to teach people to fish and ra ise livestock?An swer: Fu Xi.25. In Chin as historical lege nds, who was the first to teach people farming and to taste and experime

18、nt with various types of herbal medic in es?An swer: Yan di.26. Which two an tiquate cities of Chi na have bee n listed as World Cultural Heritag e Sites?An swer: Lijia ng in Yunnan, and Pin gyao in Shan xi. (Picture: Lijia ng and Pin gyao)27. The main architectural structure in an cie nt Chi na was

19、.A. A woode n framework B. A stone frameworkAn swer: A.28. One of the characteristics of Chi nas an tiquate architecture is.A. The disti nguished differe nee of ranks in society B. No differe neeAn swer: A. C. D.29. The Grand Canal was first ope ned duri ng theDyn asty.An swer: Sui.30. Which provinc

20、e has the largest nu mber of mino rity eth nic group in China?A. Guan gzhou B. Shaa nxi C. Sichua n D.YunnanAn swer: D.31. The smallest eth nic group in China has only a populati on of about 2300. What is this mi nority eth nic group called ?A. Shui B. Deru ng C. Lhoba D. PrimiAn swer: C.32. The fir

21、st Chi nese editi on of The Bible was published in Malacca in 1823. The tr an slator of this editi on was a famous British missi on ary. What is his n ame?An swer: Robert Morris on.33. The In dia n Monk Bodhidharma came to China and in a temple he had kept still in meditati on fac ing the wall for t

22、en years, thus creati ng the Chin ese Buddhist school Cha n or Zen Buddhism. What is the n ame of the temple?An swer: Henans Shaoli n Temple.二、判断题。True or False? (20%34. True or False: The Mid-Autu mn Festival falls on the 15th of the lunar August, j ust in the middle of autu mn, hence the n ame.An

23、swer: True.35. True or False: In Chi na, wine has a Ion ger history tha n tea. I n 1986, a pot ofwine un earthed in Henan Province was made more tha n 3,000 years before. Maotai liqu or, Five-Gra in Liquor, Fen jiu, Zhuyeq ing, Luzhou Laojiao, Guji n Gon gjiu are all bra nd-n ame liquors produced in

24、 China.An swer: True.36. True or False: Cloth prin ted with Batik and soaked-i ndigo tech niq ues are import ed from overseas.An swer: False. Batik and soaked-i ndigo tech niq ues are inven ted by Chin ese people, w hich are used in traditi onal Chin ese textile desig n and dye ing to produce art an

25、d h an dicraft products.37. True or False: The paper-cutt ing art of China has bee n listed as one of the worIds cultural legacies.An swer: True.38. True or False: There is gen erally a pair of ide ntical stone lions placed in fro nt of Chin ese palaces, officials mansions and houses in order to war

26、d off evil sp irits.An swer: False. Gen erally speak ing, on the left side of the gate is a male lio n with its right foot stamp ing on a silk ball, suggesti ng the symbol of power; on the rig ht side of the gate is a lion ess with her left foot caress ing a cub lio n, symbolizi ng procreati on of m

27、ore desce ndan ts.39. Judge: Both sun dial and copper clepsydra were hour meters used for counting tim e in an cie nt China. Sun dial had bee n popular in Qin and Han Dyn asties.An swer: Right.40. Judge: The main source of traditi onal Chin ese medic ine is herbage, in additi on to some ani mals and

28、 min erals.An swer: Right.41 True or False? Oracle-b one in scripti ons （甲骨文）are so called because they werein scribed on tortoise shells or ani mal bon es.An swer: True.42. True or False? Most Chin ese characters may be writte n either in the complex for m with more strokes or in a simplified versi

29、 on with less strokes. A character with more strokes is called an orig inal complex character; and its simplified versi on is called a simplified character.An swer: True.43. True or False? The simplified Chin ese characters are one of the worki ng Ian guag es used in the Un ited Natio ns.An swer: Tr

30、ue.44. True or False? In Chi na, a Buddhist Temple is called 庙, while a Taoist monastery is called 观.An swer: Correct.45. True or False? The sta ndard Ian guage of moder n Chin ese is Put on ghua.An swer: True.46. True or False? Lu Xun is a famous comtemporary Chin ese writer and thi nker, whos e su

31、r name is Lu and give n n ame is Xun.An swer: False. His real n ame is Zhou Shure n, and Lu Xun is his pen n ame.47. True or False? Chin ese poetry had see n its prime stage in the Tang Dyn asty. Acc ording to the Quan Tang Shi,(Complete Poetry of Tan g), about 50,000 poems were writ ten by over 2,3

32、00 poets in this period.An swer: True.48. True or False? Chin ese characters are not on ly the oldest la nguage in the world, but also are used by the largest nu mber of people in the world. The nu mber of Chin ese characters totals about 60,000, with about 6,000 in daily use.An swer: True.49. True

33、or False? In China, brick was first used for con structi on duri ng the Qin D yn asty, 2,300 years ago. The famous Great Wall was mai nly built with bricks.An swer: True.三、简答题。Brief Answer Questions(30%50. What are the awards set up for films in Chi na?An swer: Golde n Rooster Award and Hun dred Flo

34、wers Award51. What are the two Awards for Chi nese TV plays?An swer: Golde n Eagle Award, and Flyi ng God Award.52. What are the n ames of the followi ng four ancient historic capital cities now in moder n Chi na?Tang Dyn astyChan ga nKaife ngHangzhouDon gji ngBeiji ngLi nanXia nYua n Dyn astyDaduNo

35、rther n Song Dyn astySout nern Song Dyn astyAn swer:Tang Dyn astyChan ga nXia nYua n Dyn astyDaduBeiji ngNorther n Song Dyn astyDon gji ngKaife ngSout nern Song Dyn astyLinanHan gzhou53. Please link up the followi ng local specialties with the place of producti on:Maotai liquor ShanxiPeony SuzhouLon

36、 g-stored vin egarZhejia ngSuzhou embroideryGuizhouLon gji ng tea Xin jia ngRais insLuoya ngAn swer:Maotai liquor GuizhouPeonyLuoya ngLon g-stored vin egar ShanxiSuzhou embroiderySuzhouLon gji ng teaZhejia ngRaisi nsXinjia ng54. The main form of Chin ese marriage is.An swer: Mono gamous system.55. W

37、hen is the Qin gmi ng holiday (the day of Clear ness and Bright ness in the lunar cale ndar)? What are the ways and customs people like to follow on the day?An swer: Around the 5th of the lunar April, people usually go to the tombs and grave s to pay respects to their passed away relatives, or go hi

38、k ing on the outskirts, or fly kites.56. The traditi onal Double Ninth Festival falls on the 9th day of the 9th lunar mon th in Chi na. What is the festival now?An swer: The festival for the elderly.57. What is the last day of the lunar year in China?An swer: The Eve of the lunar New Year, or the 30

39、th of the 12 lunar mon th. (Da nian s an shi).58. During the Spring Festival, people ofte n put up somethi ng on both sides of the gate to festo on the festival. What are they?An swer: Spring Festival couplets.59. Chin ese people like to use some nu mbers to mea n someth ing good in daily life. W ha

40、t do these nu mbers six, eight and nine mean?An swer: Six for smooth ness, eight for fortune, and nine for Ion gevity.60. What do the Seve n Necessities of Life mea n in daily life? which are ofte n ref erred to by Chin ese people.An swer: Firewood, rice, oil, salt, soy, vin egar and tea,61. China b

41、ega n to use paper curre ncy duri ng the Song Dyn asty, the first of its kin d in the world. What was this ki nd of curre ncy called at that time?An swer: Jiaozi.62. Who was the scie ntist in the Ming Dyn asty, who had lear ned Western scie nee, tra农政全nslated Elements (几何原本)and compiled Complete Tre

42、atise on Agriculture (书)?An swer: Xu Gunan gqi.63. Chin ese people in ancient times used sheets of bamboo as writi ng media. It is c alled ?(Picture: Bamboo slip)An swer: Bamboo slip.64. What is 帛书? （Picture: Book copied on silk）An swer: It is the book writte n on the silk by ancient Chin ese.65. Wh

43、o made Chin as first airpla ne?Answer: Feng Ru （1883-1912）, born in Enping, Guangdong. He designed and produced anairpla ne and succeeded in a test fly in 1909.66. One way of traditi onal Chin ese medici ne to treat patie nts is to put filiform ne edles into their body accord ing to certa in acupo i

44、n ts. What method is it called?An swer: Acup un cture and moxibusti on.67. Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases （伤寒杂病论）was written byin the Han Dyn asty who was honored by later gen erati ons as a Master Doctor?An swer: Zhang Zhon gji ng.68. Sun Simiao, a well-k nown physicia n of the Tang

45、 Dyn asty, compiled a collect ion o f traditi onal Chin ese herbal medic in es, provid ing more tha n 6000 doses of prepared prescripti on, honored by Taoists as King of Medic in es, what is the n ame of the co llectio n?Answer: Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Prices of Gold （千金药方）69. Li Sh

46、izhe n, medical scie ntist of the Ming Dyn asty, spe nt 30 years to compile a huge work, which in troduced 1892 kinds of traditi onal Chin ese herbal medici nes. Thi s work is called .An swer: Compe ndium of Materia Medica70. Xu Xiake, Chin ese traveler and geologist of the Ming Dyn asty, had made i

47、n specti on tours of 16 provin ces across China in 34 years, and jotted dow n whatever he saw everyday. He fin ally wrote a book, known as the best geographic travelogue in an cie nt China. This book is .Answer: Xu Xiakes Travel Notes （徐霞客游记）71. What were the ancient Chin as four great inven ti ons?

48、An swer: The compass, gun powder, papermak ing and prin ti ng.72. Chin as first an thology of an cie nt poetry is; with 305 poems collected, it is also known as Three Hun dred Poems.An swer: Shi Jing. (The Book of Son gs)73. What is the typical work of the great poet Qu Yua n duri ng the Warri ng St

49、ates pe riod?An swer: Li Sao, Chuci. (The Lame nti. The elegies of Chu.).74. Fill in the bla nk: Chi na boasts a wealth of an cie nt mythology, of which the largest nu mber of mythologies appeared in the.An swer: Sha n Hai Jing. (The Classic of Mountains and Rivers)75. In each stage of its developme

50、 nt. Chin ese literature boasted a specific type of literary form marki ng the highest achieveme nt of its own. Please connect with line s the followi ng literary forms with their corresp onding stage.Han Dyn asty PoetryTang Dyn astyProse-poetry (Song Dyn astyZaju (杂居 U)An swer: Lao She.Ming & Qing

51、dyn astiesCi (Yuan Dy nasty NovelAn swer:Han Dyn astyprose-poetryTang Dyn astyPoetrySong Dyn astyCiMing & Qing dyn astiesnovelYua n Dyn asty76. There was a great poet of the Tang Dyn asty known as a ba ni shed immortal poet. Who is he?77. There was a great poet of the Tang Dyn asty whose poems are r

52、egarded as history of poetry. Who is the poet?An swer: Du Fu.78. Who is the writer of the long n arrative poems Chan ghe nge and Pipa Xing?An swer: Bai Juyi.79. What is the n ame of a no vel in which the Mon key King is the main character? Who is its author?An swer: Jour ney to the West, Wu Chen ge

53、n.80. The classical Chin ese no vel Journey to the West writte n in the vern acular is ba sed on the story of Monk Xuanzan gs pilgrimage to the wester n Tian zhu in search of the Buddhist scriptures. Which place does Tia nzhu refer to?A.A ncie nt Arabia B. Ancient In dia C. Ancient Persia, D. Ancien

54、t RomeAn swer: B. An cie nt In dia.81. Wu Song and Song Jia ng are characters in a famous no vel, what is the n ame of th e no vel? Who is the writer of the no vel?An swer: Outlaws of the Marshes, Shi Naia n.82. What is the n ame of a no vel in which Zhu Gelia ng and Cao Cao are characters?An swer:

55、The Roma nee of the Three Kin gdoms.83. What was the first no vel writte n in the vern acular in the moder n history of Chi n ese literature? What is the n ame of the author?An swer: The Diary of a Madma n, by Lu Xun.84. In which no vel did Lu Xun depict an in tellectual who was deeply in flue need

56、and defiled by the feudal civil service recruitment exam ination system and eventually h ad to make a liv ing on steali ng books?An swer: Kong Yiji.85. Who is the writer of the saga no vels, The Rickshaw Boy, Four Gen erati ons un der One Roof, and the dramas Teahouse, Lon gxugou, etc.?86. Who creat

57、ed the Turbule nt curre nt Trilogy which is composed of Family, Spri ng, and Autu mn?An swer: Ba Ji n.87. Who is the author of the Rural Trilogy (Spri ng Silkworm, Autu mn Harvest, and Re mnant Win ter)?An swer: Mao Dun.88. Goddess is the typical work of Chi nas new poetry moveme nt. Who is the auth

58、or o f this work?An swer: Guo Moruo.89. Who is the most in flue ntial swordsme n ficti on writer from the 1950s up to now i n Hong Kong?An swer: Jinyong. (Picture)90. I n Chi nas con temporary literature, Zhu Ziqi ng is a famous prose writer whose most renown work are, Bei Ying, (My Fathers Recedi n

59、g Figure) etc.An swer: He Tang Yue Se91. Conn ect the followi ng writers to their works.Mao Dun Letter to the Little ReadersYang Shuo The Song of the PoplarBi ng Xin The Honey of LitchiAn swer:Mao DunSong of PoplarYang ShuoHoney of LichiBi ng XinLetter to the Little Reader92. What are the un ified a

60、nd set sta ndards for the phon etic tran scripti ons of Chi ne se characters?An swer: Scheme for the Chin ese Phon etic Alphabet.93. The Chin ese people ofte n call themselves the offspri ng of Yan and Hua ng. What does ya n and hua ng refer to?An swer: Emperor Yandi and Emperor Hua ngdi.94. Please

61、connect the heroes in Chi nas historical lege nds to their corresp onding stories.Pan GuCreated Chin ese charactersNvwa Separated heave n from earthCan gjieCreated huma n beingsAn swer:Pan GuSeparated heave n from earthNvwaCreated huma n beingsCan gjieCreated Chin ese characters95. Who was the most

62、famous philosopher of the Spring and Autu mn period?An swer: Con fucius.96. What was the military (social and political) system of the Man chu n ati on ality i n the Qing Dyn asty?An swer: The Eight Banners System.97. Who was the leader of the peasa nt rebel army that attacked Beiji ng and en ded th

63、 e Ming Dyn asty?An swer: Li Ziche ng.98. I n the history of Chi na there was a famous n atio nal hero who defeated the Dutch colo ni sts in 1662 and reoccupied Taiwa n. What is his n ame?An swer: Zheng Chen ggo ng.99. In the moder n history of China, one of the peasa nt upris ings was known as the

64、l argest in scale and the Ion gest in durati on? Which one was it and who was its leade r?An swer: Kin gdom of Heave nly Peace; Hong Xiuqua n.100 .In 1898, Emperor Guan gxu of the Qing Dyn asty ordered to carry out the Con stitu tional Reform and Moder ni zati on. What was this in cide nee called in history?An swer: Hun dred Days Reform. Or Reform Mo