2020届高三一模英语试卷附答案

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1、JP.秘密启用前试卷类型：B2020届高三年级阶段训练题英语本试卷共 10 页，满分 120 分。考试用时 120 分钟。 注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用2B 铅笔在答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号及试卷类型（B）。因听力另考，试卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案信息点涂黑。如需 改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。写在本试卷上无效。3.回答非选择题时，必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域 内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，

2、然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改 液。写在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分 阅读理解 （ 共两节，满分 40 分 ） 第一节 （ 共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分 ）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMama and I spend mornings cleaning up the dirt that blows into our house. Mama says all the dust is due to thedrought. The dirt sifts into ever

3、ything. It covers our clothes. We have to wash the dishes before each meal. We rarelydrive the truck because Papa fears the dust from the road will ruin the motor.When my sister, Faye, and I walk to school, we wear kerchiefs over our mouths so we don breathe in the dirt. Ondays when the air is so ba

4、d that they close the school, we stay home and help Mama put wet sheets over the windows.But the dirt always finds a way in.Last Sunday, there was no dirt in the air, only bright spring sunshine and a clear blue sky. After lunch, Papaheaded out to the field to check on the cattle while I played with

5、 Faye in the yard. The temperature suddenly dropped.I looked to the west and saw a huge black cloud of dust. All the birds flew away. “ I must warn Papa, ” I thoughtto myself. To avoid her panicking, I gently told Faye to go back inside where she would be safe, and then headed offto the field.JPThe

6、storm hit so fast, and in an instant the day turned into night. By the time I entered the cow field the fine sandwas whipping across my face. I screamed for Papa, hoping my voice would lead him back.The dirt and sand stung my skin like a thousand bees. Although I was terrified, I refused to turn bac

7、k.My dad was stranded and needed my help. Covering my face with one hand, I groped my way toward the truck andopened the door. First I tried turning the truck hoping that Papa would see them flashing, but the sandstorm let no lightescape. Then I pushed the horn again and again, so Papa would hear it

8、. I pushed until I had no more strength in myarms.Suddenly, Papas face appeared at thewindow. My heart leaped with surprise and relief. He opened the doorand climbed onto the seat next to me. He then pulled me into his arms and said,“Oh, Iris, you saved me!”Finally, the wind subsided and the dust be

9、gan to settle. Dirt was piled up to the window on one side of the truckand halfway up the door on the other. Papa kicked against the door, opening it far enough to let us out.Sand and soil drifts were everywhere, but we were safe.21. What is the main function of the first two paragraphs?A. It descri

10、bes a problem the characters must solve.B. It establishes the setting where the story takes place.C. It introduces the characters that will follow in the story.D. It explains the motivations for the charactersactions.later22. Why did Papa go to the field that Sunday?A. He was trying to get to his tr

11、uck.B. He needed to prepare the field for harvest.C. He wanted to make sure the animals were fine.D. He planned to bring in the cattle before the storm.23. How did Iris save her father?A. By warning him to run away.B. By turning on the truckligshts.C. By guiding him towards the shelter.D. By screami

12、ng his name at the top of her voice.24. Which of the following words best describe Iris?A. Brave and calm.B. Experienced and confident.C. Adventurous and careful.D. Fearless and sympathetic.s lights on andoJPGALAXIES AND THE UNlvefcsE&olaxies are hiigeof倂er艮planetj,肿耳end dust. Our sun is in The MILK

13、YWAY gnigy. which抽about 100. OOD light-yenrs(xro勢一That long rhin milky bright| shnpe across the middJe of the night sky if made up cf about several biNitxi sta.-s in ourgahxy. Our galaxy is o spiral (xtV N-J) galaxy, but there are other Types.1c*tThe Mdtey waij i&泌匕o裁gdltw.bjanujktg avvdXLU冬处d搭our u

14、rtXvirit UfichwLtki huiflrcds biUtcirti t?f str&) . ySPIRAL GALAXY：garaxies that have spiral grrnw That emerge from the center, Our solar syterr isfocoTcd cn an of the arms of The Mdky Woy galaxy. Our gcldxy has a hug也blcck hole ar its centerthat bdhoru of stars revoive around.ELLIPTICAL &ALAXY：shap

15、ed like a huge egg. The stars in the galaxies Tend to very oldFurthermore, the old stdrs in elliprieal fend To be yellow dnd reddish, which according to ourundfirdrandirig of itdfar evolutJan, mennf they are smaller, dimmer stars.IRREGULAR GALAXY; There are many other ahapej of galaxies tkat arerTf

16、spiral ori elliptical Tliey aiF fit into the irrejicr category Like the Large ana SFHOII MagellanicCkud$. they have rathershapes.t25. What is true about the Milky Way?A. There are only stars in side it.B. There is a black hole at its center.C. It he biggest spiral galaxy in the uni verse.D. It takes

17、 100,000 years to get there from Earth.26. Which of the following is the main factor in categorizing galaxies?A. Shape. B. Size. C. Number of stars. D. Dista nee from the sun.27. Which of the following galaxies can be classified as irregular?A. Whale Galaxy similar to the Milky Way both in size and

18、shape.B. Cygnus A (3C 405) Galaxy the brightest egg shape we canobserve.C. Cigar Galaxy long and narrow galaxy that looks like an ashy cloud.D. Sun flower Galaxy galaxy with multiple arms radiat ing from its bright core.JPCThe Silk Road is arguably the most famous Iong-distanee trade route of the an

19、cient world. This passage conn ectedEurope in the West with China in the East, and allowed the excha nge of goods, tech no logy, and ideas betwee n the twocivilizati ons. Although mercha nts could make huge profits travelling the road, it was not without risk.The main Silk Road started in Chang ankn

20、own today as Xi an)the early Han capital. Travelers commencing theirjourney from this city could take a northern route that would take them across China s northwestern provinces. After this,they would face the Gobi Desert, arguably the greatest dan ger of the Silk Road.The Gobi Desert, the largest d

21、esert in Asia, consists mainly of rocky, hard earth. This feature made it easier for tradersto travel across, compared to sandy deserts like the neighboring Taklamaka n Desert. Like other deserts, the Gobi Desert isdry and hot, and therefore the biggest challe nge travelers faced was obta ining eno

22、ugh water for themselves as well as fortheir camels.So, rest stops were created along the route, allow ing travelers to rest, eat and drink. These places also promoted theexcha nge of goods, and even ideas, amon gst the travelers who stopped there. Usually, the rest stops were placed within aday jou

23、rney of each other. In this way, travelers could avoid spe nding too much time in the desert, which would make themtargets for robbers, ano ther dan ger of the Silk Road.Once through the Gobi Desert, travelers would continue their journey into Iran, Turkey, and fin ally Europe. Whilst thispart of th

24、e journey may have bee n less dan gerous, it is not en tirely without its perils.28. The underlined wordit ” in tirreefirap) p refers to_A. making huge profitsB. traveling the Silk RoadC. exchanging goods and ideasD. connecting different civilizations29. Why was the Gobi Desert easier to cross than

25、other deserts?A. The desert sutface was easier to walk on.B. Camels for transportation were easier to find.C. It was smaller and could be crossed in less time.D. There were more natural water sources available.30. What can we guess about the rest stops in the Gobi Desert?A. Travelers were offered fr

26、ee accommodation.B. They were located around the edges of the desert.C. Travelers staying there were often attacked by criminals.D. They were shared by travelers from different countries.JP31. What is the passage mainly about?A. The origins of the Silk Road.B. The benefits of the Silk Road.C.The dif

27、ficulties faced by Silk Road travelers.D. The cultural exchanges among Silk Road travelers.DLet bsegin with the story : King Hiero contracts the ancient Greek polymath Archimedes（阿 基米德）to detect fraudin the manufacture of a golden crown. Archimedes accepts the challenge and, during a subsequent trip

28、 to the public baths,realizes that the more his body sinks into the water, the more water is displacedmaking the displaced water an exactmeasure of his volume. Realizing he has hit upon a method to determine whether the Kin gcsrown was made of gold or silver,the young Greek leaps out of the bath and

29、 rushes home naked cryingO“r, Eureka! Eureka! ”translated:“I ve found it! Ive found it!”Too bad, however, Archimedes probably never uttered the phrase in that way.First and foremost, Archimedes himself never wrote about this episode, although he spent plenty of time detailing thelaws of buoyancy （ 浮

30、力 ）. The oldest authority for the naked- Archimedes eureka story is Vitruvius, a Roman writer, whoincluded the tale in his introduction to his ninth book of architecture. “ Vitruvius may have gotten it wrong, ”says ChrisSchmitt, a mathematician at the University of Berlin and a self- described Archi

31、medes fan. “ Themethod attributed toArchimedes in the story works in theory so it sounds right, but when you actually try it, you find that the real world gets in theway.”In fact, Schmitt is one of a long line of scientists, including Galileo, who have read the account and thought, “Thatcan t be rig

32、ht.” As Galileo wroteo,uAldrchhaimveeadcehsiecved afar more precise result using his own law of buoyancy and an accurate scale. In fact, the surface tension of water can makethe volume of a light object like a crown immeasurable.“ There msome truth to it, ”Schmitt adds. “ Archimedes did measure the

33、volume of things but the eureka moment was maybe due tohis original discovery concerning buoyance, not to sitting in the bathtub and then running through the streets naked. ”Much like Newt on s apple, the exclamati on persists becaUSeeoe nduri ng power of thestory: a golde n crow n, a life in the ba

34、la nee, a n aked mathematicia n. The suspect foun dati ons of the eureka moment takenothing away from the word ability to uniquely and concisely convey the flash of in spirati on.32. According to the first paragraph, how would Archimedes measure the volume of the crown?A. He would weigh himself with

35、 and without the crown.JPB. He would weigh the crown first and then put it into water.C. He would go to the public baths wearing the crown on his head.D. He would sink the crown into water and measure the water displaced.33. What did Galileo probably think of the naked-Archimedes eureka story?A. He

36、believed the word“ eureka ” was said isitaiatithBrB. He suspected Archimedes didn t run through theakteeletC. He doubted Archimedes carried out the experiment independently.D. He thought Archimedes would not have used the method described.34. What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in the

37、last paragraph?A. The word“ eureka ” is still widely usdely.B. The word“ eureka ” is now a formal scienefim.C. Most people accept the authenticity of the original story.D. People are still in spired by the achieveme nts of Archimedes.35. What is the purpose of this text?A. To introduce the famous sc

38、ientist Archimedes.B. To examine the credibility of the eureka story.C. To explain how the word“ eurekcreatewasD. To urge people not to use the wordanymoreka ”第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Leon ardo da Vi nci and NatureIn the modern world, art and science are tw

39、o very separate activities, but in Leonardothey were closely connected. Science meant mathematics and medical studies_ 36Mathematics in cluded practical work like surve ying land for making maps as well as measuri ng the movements of the starsin the sky. An artist might need to measure the different

40、 parts of the body. He could also use mathematics to place things inrelati on ship to each other in a draw ing or pain ti ng so the scene looked correct. 37Mathematics was also conn ected to music because musical sounds have a fixed relati on ship with each other that canbe described in numbers. 38

41、More than this, though, Leonardo believed that numbers were a part of all things in the world,including music, and he said that “ without them nothing can bedone. ”“Nature has kindly given us things everywhere to copy, wrote Leonardo. Inall his activities, Leonardo was trying todiscover the rules th

42、at control nature.In his search for those rules, he looked very carefully at a lot of examples and details.JPActual experie nee was more importa nt to him than opinion, and he worked from facts to ideas. 39 His purpose was toexamine the world so he could copy it in beautiful paintings and sculptures

43、. He also wan ted to learn from the clever soluti onsof n ature.40 His quick little sketches, ofte n done while wan deri ng outside, helped him to catch a moveme nt or a shape.More careful draw ings would be done at a desk with a pen and ruler. I n July 2001, a small drawing by Leonardo was sold for

44、$12 million. It was the most expensive draw ing in the world.A. Leonardo was always drawing.B. How could these be connected with art?C. Leonardo s ideas were vastly ahead of htime.D. Mathematicians and doctors worked to discover the unknown.E. Above all, Leon ardo wan ted to un dersta nd how and why

45、 things worked.F. You will see a good example of such positi oning in the painting of The Last Supper.G. Leonardo himself was a very good musician and liked to play an instrument and sing.第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（ A、B、C 和 D ）中，选出可以填入空 白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该

46、项涂黑。Throughout my life, I was never very athletic. I wasn41 ,tspailty iortonflict.The only 42 I enjoyed were 43 things like watching TV and playing computer games.It was during my junior year in high school that I realized I needed a 44 . My friends were joining the long distanee runningclub and_45

47、me to do it also. At my school, there were no qualification 46 : every student was accepted.As every one gathered around on the first day of practice, the 47 announced it was timefor “ warmup”imagined the warm-up would be a 48 jog around the 400-metre track. Isoon 49 it was a 1-km run. After complet

48、 ing the run, I was 50_ ! I won dered, what s next? ” 5Theorkout for the day was a 5-km run, which I mostly walked. When I came home, I really considered 52 . However,I 53 myself to keep at it and try harder.Of course, there was no real improveme nt 54 . I always came in last duri ng practice andthe

49、 first few 55 . As days and weeks went on, I really tried my best. During practice, I would always keep at the 56 of the group;the fastest, more 57 runners were always ahead, while the laziest were behi nd. As the result of my 58 , warm-up became areal warm-up. The 5km runs tran sformed into an 59 d

50、ay of practice. And I was no Ion ger last i n anything we did.For a former couch potato, like me, this was a(n) 60 .41. A. rulesB. artsC. competiti onD. schoolworkIf thaarm-upsJP42. A. proceduresB. activitiesC. lessonsD. programs43. A. en dlessB. poin tlessC. importa ntD. challenging44. A. cha ngeB.

51、 restC. teamD. result45. A. accompa niedB. assistedC. requiredD. i nvited46. A. trialsB. alter nativesC. opport un itiesD. reasons47. A. competitorB. coachC. reporterD. referee48. A. hardB. bori ngC. practicalD. casual49. A. decidedB. suspectedC. realizedD. agreed50. A. sent offB. take n awayC. tur

52、ned dow nD. wor n out51. A. realB. bestC. expectedD. fun52. A. complai ningB. quitt ingC. cryingD. refreshi ng53. A. convin cedB. taughtC. sentD. helped54. A. actuallyB. graduallyC. separatelyD. in sta ntly55. A. performa ncesB. prese ntatio nsC. racesD. steps56. A. middleB. topC. frontD. bottom57.

53、A. popularB. con fide ntC. seriousD. relaxed58. A. in spirati onB. determ in ati onC. loyaltyD. con tribution59. A. uni magi nableB. avoidableC. easyD. opti onal60. A. excepti onB. exampleC. promoti onD. successJP第二节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The novel coronavirus,

54、now officiallynamed Covid-19, is a new 61 (ill)andscie ntists are still study ing the best ways to con trol it. Defeati ng Covid-19,62, is not onlythe job of scie ntists and doctors. People have an importa nt role to play in the battle. The best way to help preve nt the virus63 (spread) is by protec

55、t ing yourself and stay ing healthy.Scientists are now sure that Covid-19 is passed between people through coughing and sn eez ing. The virus travelsthrough the air and can be breathed in by people n earby. It may also land 64 surfaces such as tables and chairs. If thesesurfaces 65 (touch), the viru

56、s may be on your han ds. Touch ing your eyes or mouth with 66 (wash) hands can let the virus enter your body._ 67 (protect) yourself and others, wear a mask at all times when out in public. This stops healthy people from breathing in Covid-19 and 68 (reduce) the amount of the virus ill people send i

57、nto the air. Most importantly, wash your handscarefully and frequently, especially69 you are outside your home.Covid-19 is un doubtedly a serious social challe nge, but if we all con tribute and behave70 (resp on sible), it is one that we can overcome.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分）第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 I 分，满分

58、10 分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（人），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。JPThe first a few weeks of the term are over and it has definitely been a new experienee.Havin

59、g school less on on li ne is someth ing I venly read about in articles where discuss future tech no logy. Now I am livi ngin the future! They took me some time to get used to my new Internet classroom. At first, I can t always hear what theteacher or my classmates was saying. SometimesI wasn t well

60、preparingsiowly, however, I adapted the new learning environment but now things are going smoothly. Ofcourse, I still miss seeing my classmates and play together outside.Hopefully, we can meet in person soon.第二节书面表达（满分 25 分）某英文杂志在其“互动栏目（Q & A ）”刊出 Lora 的来信，欢迎读者就信中提到的问题进行分析并提出建议。假定你是读者李华，请给Lora 回信。De

61、ar editor,Im a senior high school stutit, and I want to read more books of classic literature. But some frie nds suggest Iwatch movies based on the books in stead. What are the adva ntages of each approach and what do you suggest?Tha nks!Lora1. 词数 100 左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入词数。JP答案：2

62、1-24BCCA25-27BAC28-31BADC32-35DDAB36-40BFGEA41-45CBBAD46-50ABDCD51-55ABADC56-60ACBCD61. illness63. spreading65. are touched67. To protect69. when/while/if62. however64. on66. unwashed68. reduces70. responsibly短文改错：第一行：删除 a第二行：lesson 改为 lessons ； where 改为 which 或that第三行： They 改为 It第四行： can t 改为 couldn t ; was 改为 were第五行： preparing 改为 prepared第六行：adapted 后 力口to;but 改为 and第七行： play 改为 playing