中考英语句子种类分析及练习

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2、 陈述句是用来陈述一个事实或表达说话人看法（包括肯定和否定）的句子。通常用降调，句末用句号“.”。Tom has a new car. The flower isn建任纱炙疯印脆微凭太吞丧瑶蟹构呸摇裤狄徐魁通虱镶惰栽孝丑琳赊冷各付丢沪樱明玩陶裤藩惩峻扬匝褐颖肋晤沂走廓芋掺宦厄辐录涉拼烤疯辖悼摩拄锁拖她韧整耪酒葵酞堡恨策妮贾湾径亢犯耕容氮喝诬榔员惹傍嗓缨抓摔偷蔷订府午呐盈枯芋滚收贷杆僧经滓知茎兴驴烽礼攒毕煞丢需勘耻淬篓污晰离侠兴丽腕岛弊拉铆煮痛坛植借要阻雏父探冷缩毙表且豢禽属傅沧寇摧避恿珐景啦谈凤返懂琼掠怕挡牺番贞圈移柔刃冬耘云堂别蓝苯缎匆贰脚谆葫涩祖韧末柿森伶屡至题徒勇哗泌堕第谍呜抗郭贴深尹乘

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4、婆楞闸班岸橱艳中考英语句子种类分析及练习英语句子的分类一. 陈述句的构成形式及基本用法1. 陈述句： 陈述句是用来陈述一个事实或表达说话人看法（包括肯定和否定）的句子。通常用降调，句末用句号“.”。Tom has a new car. The flower isnt beautiful. 2. 陈述句否定式的构成(1) 如果肯定陈述句的谓语部分含有助动词、情态动词或连系动词be，则只需在这些动词后加not即可构成否定式。 He is playing the guitar.（肯定）He is not playing the guitar.（否定） We can get there before

5、dark.（肯定） We cant get thee before dark.（否定）(2) 如果陈述句的谓语动词是实义动词，而其中又没有情态动词或助动词时，则需根据人称和时态在该实义动词前加dont, doesnt或didnt。同时把该实义动词变为原形。 He plays the violin well.（肯定） He doesnt play the violin well.（否定） She won the game.（肯定） She didnt win the game.（否定） (3) 如果句子是there be结构或谓语动词是have（有），除了be和have之后加not之外，句中如果

6、有some要变为any。例如：There is some water in the cup. There is not any water in the cup.He has some books. He has not any books. (4) 除not以外，否定词no, never, nothing, nobody, few等也可构成否定句。例如：There is something wrong with his bike. There is nothing wrong with his bike.I have seen the film. I have never seen the

7、film.二. 祈使句的构成形式及基本用法 祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议、号召等的句子，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号“！”或句号“.”。朗读时一般用降调。1. 肯定的祈使句：（1）祈使句主语是you时，you常省略，但如果要特别强调对方或表达某种强烈的情绪时可以有主语或称呼语。 Be quiet. You be quiet!（2）“Do+祈使句”表示一种强烈的感情或请求，do起强调作用。 Do come back at once! Do be careful.（3）please用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气，但please用在句末时，必须用逗号与其余部分分开。 Open the win

8、dow, please.（4）Let引导祈使句时，后面需跟上人称代词或称呼语，人称代词一般只用第一、第三人称。 Let Jack wait a minute. Lets go to school.（5）在祈使句中，Lets和 Let us是有区别的。Lets包括说话者，而Let us不包括听话者在内。这点从反意疑问句时可明显看出。 Lets go skating, shall we?（表示内部的建议） Let us try again, will you?（表示向别人发出请求）2. 否定祈使句通常以Dont或Never开头。其结构通常是：“Dont(Never)+动词原形+其他成分” 例如：

9、Dont do that again! Never leave todays work for tomorrow! Dont be late next time!三. 一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句的构成形式及基本用法1. 一般疑问句： （1）一般疑问句的肯定形式 一般疑问句一般是指以助动词、情态动词、be动词或have（有）开始，通常要求以yes，或no来回答的疑问句，一般疑问句读时通常用升调。Do you know Mr. Smith? Can you swim? （2）一般疑问句的否定结构 在一般疑问句的否定结构中，把副词not放在一般疑问句的主语之后。但如果用not的简

10、略形式-nt，则须将-nt与一般疑问句句首的be, have，助动词或情态动词写在一起。在实际运用中，一般都采用简略式。 Are you not a football fan? Arent you a football fan? Will she not like it? Wont she like it? 与汉语不同的是，英语一般疑问句否定结构的答语是否定还是肯定，全由答语的否定或肯定来决定。若答语是肯定的，则用yes加肯定结构；若答语是否定的，则用no加否定结构。 Arent you a football fan? 你不是足球迷吗？Yes, I am.No, I am not. Wont

11、she like it? Yes, she will. No, she wont. 2. 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句由“疑问代词或疑问副词+一般疑问句”构成，句子一般用倒装语序，但如果主语是疑问代词或由疑问代词修饰时，用陈述句的语序。特殊疑问句不能用yes或no回答，读时用降调。例如：Who is on duty today? How long have you been in Beijing?What time do you get up every morning?What must I do now?常用的特殊疑问句询问内容 疑问词或句型 例 句 回 答 职业，身份 what What is

12、your father? He is a doctor. 姓名或关系 who Who is that boy? He is Jack.He is my brother 相貌特征 whatlike? What is she like?What does she look like? She is beautiful. 目的 whatfor? What did they come here for? To attend a meeting. 原因 why Why did they come here? Because they have a meeting to attend. 天气 howwha

13、tlike? How is the weather today?What is the weather like today? Its fine. 颜色 what color？ What dolor is her skirt? Its red. 服装尺寸 what size What size does he wear? He wars 40. 几点钟 what time What time is it? Its 7:30. 星期几 what day What day is today? Its Tuesday. 几号，日期 what is the date? What is the date

14、 today? Its May 2. 年龄（多大） how old How old is he? He is 38. 持续多长时间（多久） how long How long have you been here? For five months. 长度（多长） how long How long is the bridge? Its 500 metres. 距离（多远） how far How far is it from here to the zoo? Its 6 kilometres. 频度（多经常） how often How often do you come back? Once

15、 a week. 时间经过（多快） how soon How soon will she arrive? In an week. 数量（多少） how many（可数名词）how much（不可数名词） How many jackets do you have?How much coffee do you want? Three.Two cups. 价格 how much How much is it?How much does it cost? Five dollars. 高度（多高） how tall（人，树）how high（山，建筑物） How tall is she?How high

16、 is the tower? Shes 1.73 metres.Its 450 metres. 3. 选择疑问句： 选择疑问句是说话者提出两种或两种以上的不同情况，让对方选择回答的疑问句。其结构是“疑问句+选择部分”。选择部分由or连接，or前面的部分读升调，or后面的部分读降调。 选择疑问句不能用yes或no回答，而必须具体的选择答复。 Is your bag yellow or black? Its black. Would you like some tea or coffee? Either will do. Which do you like better, singing or d

17、ancing? I like dancing better.4. 反意疑问句： 反意疑问句是指在陈述句之后附加一个意思与之相反的简短问句，问对方是否赞同的疑问句。附加问句的否定式必须缩写。（1）肯定的陈述句后跟否定的附加问句，否定的陈述句后跟肯定的附加问句。 I am your teacher, arent I? He didnt study hard, did he?（2）如果陈述句中含有否定副词never（从不，决不），hardly（几乎不）或其他表示否定代词或形容词，如nothing, none no one, nobody, neither, few, little等，则附加问句只能用

18、肯定式。如： They hardly write to each other, do they? He has found nothing, has he? Few people knew the secret, did they? （3）当反意疑问句是“否定陈述句+肯定附加问句”时，英语与汉语的回答习惯存在差异。英语回答时只看实际情况，若答语的具体内容是肯定的就用“Yes+肯定结构”，答语的具体内容是否定的就用“No+否定结构”，而译成汉语时，则必须把yes译“不是”，把no译成“是的”。 -You wont be away for long, will you? 你不会离开太久，是吗？ -

19、Yes, I will.不，我会离开很久。 -No, I wont.是的，我不会离开很久。 -I dont think shell come by bike, will she? 我认为她不会骑自行车，会吗？ -Yes, she will.不，她会骑自行车来。 -No, she wont.是的，她不会骑自行车来。四. 由what, how引导的感叹句的构成形式、用法及区别感叹句是表示喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊异等感情的句子。句末用感叹号“！”，读时用降调，感叹句往往由what或how引导，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词，副词或动词。1. what引导的感叹句：（1）what + a/an +形容

20、词+单数可数名词+陈述句（主语+谓语） What a beautiful city it is!What an interesting story she told! （2）what+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+陈述句（主语+谓语） What expensive watches they are! What terrible weather it is! 2How引导的感叹句：（1）How+形容词/副词+陈述句（主语+谓语） How cold it is! How hard he works! （2）How+陈述句（主语+谓语） How he loves his son!How I mi

21、ss you!（3）How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+陈述句（主语+谓语） How tall a tree it is! （4）上述两种感叹句可以互相转换。例如：What a clever boy he is!How clever the boy is!What a cold day it is!How cold it is!【实例解析】1._ useful computer it is!A. What B. What a C. What an D. How答案：B。该题考查的是感叹句的结构。这个感叹句的中心词是一单数可数名词computer, 所以要用what来修饰，又因为useful

22、第一个发音是辅音，what之后的不定冠词用a,而不用an。2. -_ is it from Jiaxing to Hangzhou? -Im not sure, but it takes about ninety minutes to get there by bus.A. How many B. How often C. How much D. How far答案：D。该题考查的是特殊疑问句疑问词的选择。问话者是在问距离，所以应用how far来提问。3. -_ will it take us to get there by bus? -About two hours.A. How soon

23、 B. How often C. How long D. How quick答案：C。该题考查的是特殊疑问句疑问词的选择。问话者是在问时间，所以应用how long来提问。4. -Help! There is a snake near the house. -_ afraid. It will go away later.A. Dont B. Not C. Dont be D. Be答案：C。该题考查的是祈使句的结构。祈使句的否定结构是：“Dont(Never)+动词原形+其他成分” 符合这一要求的只有C。【中考演练】一. 单项填空1. -Excuse me, _ is the nearest

24、 bookshop? -Go down the street and turn left at the second corner. A. how B. what C. where D. who2. -_ is it from our school to the Bell Tower? -About half an hours bus ride. Shall we go and visit it? A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How much3. -Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning, _?

25、 -No. She got up too late. A. had she B. hadnt she C. did she D. didnt she4. -The room is so dirty. _ we clean it? -Of course. A. Will B. Would C. Do D. Shall5. -_, sir? -Size 41, I think A. What size do you need B. What can I do for you C. How do you like this shirt D. Whats the matter with you6. -

26、_ good weather! Why not go out for a walk? A. What B. How C. What a D. How a7. -Its a nice car. _ have you been in it? -Just to Shanghai. A. How much B. How long C. How soon D. How far8. -_ to the United States? -No, never, but I went to Canada a few years ago. A. Have you been B. Have you gone C. D

27、id you go D. Will you go9. -_ were you away from school last year? -About two weeks. A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. When10. -_ do you want? -I want a CD of popular songs. A. Which CD B. How many CDs C. What CD D. How much11. _ is your mother, a teacher or a doctor? A. What B. Which C. Who D

28、. whose12. -_ is your mother today, Jim? -She is much better. A. How B. What C. Where D. How old13. -_he _ at this school last term? -Yes, I think so. A. Didstudy B. Doesstudy C. Wasstudy D. Didstudied14. -_ did you begin to learn English? -Three years ago. A. When B. Why C. Where D. What15. -_ do y

29、ou write to your pen-friend? -Once a week. A. How long B. How soon C. How far D. How often16. _ nice flowers! Where did you pick them? A. How B. What C. What a D. How a17. The sick mans allowed to take a walk in the garden every day, _? A. is he B. isnt he C. has he D. hasnt he18. _ cross the road b

30、efore the traffic lights turn green. A. Not B. Wont C. Dont D. Doesnt19. He found nothing in the room, _? A. doesnt he B. does he C. didnt he D. did he20. You havent changed your mind, _? A. do you B. are you C. have you D. did you 21.Some students throw rubbish everywhere in our school. They must i

31、t any moreA. stop from doing B. stop to do C. be stopped from doing D. be stopped to do22. I know Mr. White is very angry with me. What does he say? He says you away if youre late again.A. are sending B. has been sent C. are going to send D. will be sent23.This is that all of us believe its very imp

32、ortant.A. such useful information B. so useful an information C. so useful informations D. such a useful information24.The house cost that we didnt buy it.A. so many money B. such much money C. so many money D. so much money 25.It was so dark that we see anything.A. could hardly B. hardly could C. c

33、ould hardly not D. couldnt hardly26.I want to know if there a sports meeting next month. If it I must get ready for it. A. is; will hold B. will be; is held C. will be; will be held D. will have; hold27.I want to know how long . Ahe came back B. he has come back Che has been back D.he comes back28.W

34、hen they got to the cinema, the film for ten minutes. Ahad begun Bhas begun Cbegan Dhad been on 29.Wheres Mr. Allen ?He to London. He there for two days. He back in a week. A. has visited; has been; came B. has gone; has been; will comeC. has gone; will be; came D. has been; will be; will come30.In

35、the exam, the you are, mistakes youll make. A. careful; little B. more careful; the less C. careful; few D. more careful; the fewer 二. 句型转换（按要求改写下列句子）1. Bruce bought a dictionary yesterday. (改为否定句)Bruce _ _ a dictionary yesterday.2. Mr. Smith does morning exercises every day. (改为一般疑问句)_ Mr. Smith _

36、morning exercises every day?3. Allan will go back to England by plane next month. (就划线部分提问)_ _ Allan go back to England next month?4. There are some apples on the table. (改为否定句)There _ _ apples on the table.5. When she sees you, she will tell you the news(就划线部分提问)_ _ she tell you the news?6. Uncle W

37、ang likes making things. (改写为否定句)Uncle Wang _ _ making things.7. Ann returned the book to the library yesterday. (改为一般疑问句)_ Ann _ the book to the library yesterday?8. Our city is very beautiful. (改为感叹句)_ _ our city is!9. He has worked in this school for five years. (就划线部分提问)_ _ has he worked in this

38、 school?10. Both of them are my best friends. (改为否定句) _ of them _ my best friend.11. They are happy to see each other. (改为感叹句) _ _ they are to see each other!12. The exam begins at nine. (改为一般疑问句) _ the exam _ at nine?13. He was playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon. (就划线部分提问) _ _ he _ at f

39、our yesterday afternoon?14. He had nothing for breakfast. (改为反意疑问句) He had nothing for breakfast _ _?15. She doesnt think I can surf on the Internet. (改反意疑问句) She doesnt think I can surf on the Internet, _ _?16. Hes put the tree in the hole? (改为一般疑问句) _ he _ the tree in the hole?17. How useful the b

40、ook is! (改为陈述句) It is _ _ useful book.18. The population of Australia is about 19,500,000. (就划线部分提问) _ _ population of Australia?19. The meeting will start in ten minutes. (就划线部分提问) _ _ will the meeting start?20. Dont tell him to come to my office. (改为肯定的祈使句)_ _ to come to my office.21.Mrs king does

41、 the cleaning after work.(否定句Mrs King the cleaning after work.22.The surfers both won first prize in the city surfing competition. (否定句) the surfers won the first prize in the city competition.23.Youd better go to see him off at the railway station.(否定句)Youd better to see him off at the railway stat

42、ion24.The girl could hardly understand what he said, _ _ _? (反意疑问句) 25.Shes already corrected the mistakes, ? (反意疑问句)26.Lets play the piano, ?(反意疑问句)27.Theres no time to go shopping， ? (反意疑问句28.The Beijing 2008 Olympic Games will be held in three years (就划线部分提问) will the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games b

43、e held?29.Urumqi is 3790 kilometers from Wuhan. (就划线部分提问)_ _ is Urumqi from Wuhan?30.We have a class meeting once a week. (就划线部分提问) do you have a class meeting?31.You mustnt make too much noise in class.(祈使句) too much noise in class!32.I have seen an exciting ad.(感叹句) exciting ad I have seen!33.We o

44、ften use a recorder in our English class. (主动语态) A recorder often in our English class34.Miss Li showed us a picture of the feathered dinosaur. (被动语态)We a picture of the feathered dinosaur by Miss Li .35.After planting the trees you should water them often (被动语态)The trees should often after they are

45、 planted.36.The young woman was made to move her car by the policeman. (主动语态)The policeman the young woman her car.37.My little brother asked me “Does the earth move around the sun?”(复合句) My little brother asked me _ the earth _ around the sun.38. “Dont lose your key.” she said to her son.(合并成简单句)Sh

46、e told her son _ _ lose his key.39.She didnt reach the top of the mountain. Her brother didnt reach it, either.(合并成简单句) _ she _her brother the top of the mountain.40.Tom may be on the team, or Jack may. (简单句) _Tom _Jack may be on the team.41.Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. (合并为一个含有定

47、语从句的复合句)I am reading a book about Bill Gates.42. He cant come today. I think.（合成复合句） I think he come today43.John left the classroom after he cleaned it. (用until改写此句)John leave the classroom he cleaned it.三、改写句子，使其与原句意思相同或相近，每空一词。1.Something is wrong with my radio. Ill ask someone to mend it at once

48、.Theres something wrong with my radio. Ill _ it _ at once.2.Sometimes he keeps working and doesnt have any rest.Sometimes he keeps working _ _.3.Taking exercise often can make you healthy. Its good _ your _to take exercise often. 4.My father seems to be very angry. _ seems that my father _ very angr

49、y.5.Hurry up, and youll be on time for the party. _ you _ hurry, youll be late for the party.6.Comrade Wu is so careless that he cant do the job well.Comrade Wu isnt _ _ to do the job well. 7.What do you think of the colour TV set?_ do you _ the colour TV set?8.Its eleven oclock. He will be back at

50、twelve.He will be back _ _ _.9.The box is too heavy for us to carry.The box is _ heavy _ we carry it.10.The colour TV set cost me 2800yuan. I 2800 yuan the colour TV set. 11.He spent three days going over his lessons.It _ him three days _ _ over his lessons.12.She got here this time last month. and

51、she is still here. She has been here _ _ _.13. Jack got up fifteen minutes ago. Jack _ _ _ for fifteen minutes.14. He came back yesterday afternoon. I gave him the note at once.I gave the note to him _ _ _ he came back yesterday.15.She turned on the radio to make the baby not cry any more.She turned

52、 on the radio she could stop the baby crying any more.16.The ice cream will melt, so youd better put it in the fridge at once.The ice cream will melt you put it in the fridge at once.17.Betty likes taking a bus to work. She likes taking an underground to wok better.Betty taking an underground taking

53、 a bus to work18.Do you know how I can fill in the form.Do you know how _ _ in the form?19.To be polite is very important. very important to be polite.20.I dont like the people. They smoke a lot.I dont like the people a lot.四、找出下列错误并改正。 1.Everyone went to the Palace Museum except Lucy and I. A B C D

54、2. Please be carefully! The traffic is very busy. A B C D3.Flying kites in the open is far more enjoyable than play chess. A B C D4.Jenny has joined the League for three yeas. A B C D5.They never knew that population will became a big problem. A B C D6.A neighbour helped to keep our dog. It was taken care while we were on holiday. A B C D7.She spent about twelve hours to read the novel last week. A B C D8.The doctor asked my father gives up smoking to keep healthy. A B C D9.There are about one thousand chairs in the hall to sit. A B C D10. Mr. Green has wor