八年级英语讲义经典整理分析

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1、1词形转化Rubbish un =litter take out the rubbishFold- feld-feld-folding fold your clothesSweep-swept-swept-sweeping sweep the floor floor第三人称单数：floors复数:floors现在分词:flooring过去式:floored过 去分词：flooredmess-messy-messily mess up 陷入困境；搞糟a mess of 一大堆；把弄糟in a mess 乱糟糟，一团糟 neither none eithershirt shirts wear a

2、shirt T-shirtpass passed/past passed/past passing pass onborrow borrowed borrowed borrow fromlend lent lent lending lend to finger cn finger hate hateful可憎的；可恨的；可恶的.hatefully 可憎地；憎恨地 chore chores do chores make the bed=make one s beddinner cook dinner have dinner breakfast lunch go out for dinner ti

3、re tired tiring reply replied replied angry anger angrilycome came come do did done sit sat sathelp helped helped helping helpful helpless other othersbore boring bored重点词法1.Peter ,could you pleaseake out the trash?彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？ 【的单析 1】 Could you please do sth谑你 （做） 好吗？用于提出请求.希望得到对方的肯定回答.说话的语气比较客气委婉。

4、Could不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用 can.【常用答语】肯定回答:Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem.否定回答：Sorry , I cant【2013 湖北黄冈 3】40.-Could I borrow your camera?5 but please give it back by Saturday.A. I am sorry B. Of course C. Certainly not D. No, thanks 15.Sir, could you please put out your cigarette? This is

5、 a smoke-freefi烟的） school.Im sorry about this.B. No problem C. Sure, Id love toD.Never mindCould youplease睑查它Could youplease?洗碗Could youplease?拖地Could you ,please?整理你的床铺Could youplease?ft 你的衣月艮Could youplease?丁 扫起居室Could youplease?倒垃圾Could you please not do sth请你(不做)好吗Could youplease?要玩电月而游戏Could yo

6、uplease? 要大声说话Could youplease?Could I?我能做某事吗用于寻求允许Could I?使用你的电脑Could I?去看电影Could I?在外面呆到很晚Could I71t 便车Could I?看电视【解析2】take out取出(v+ adV)【注】：跟代词做宾语，代词放中间；跟名词做宾语，可放在中间，也可放在【短语】take out the trash 倒垃圾 take a walk 散步 take away 拿走，取走take back 收回 take place 发生 take off 脱下； 起飞take down t己下：拆隹(J: take sth.

7、with sb.随身带着 take it easy 另紧张take care of 关心，照顾，保管 take an exam 参力口考试 ake one s temperature 量体温The gift is in the box. You can takeJt out.()His teeth hurt badly. The dentist.A .take out it B. take out them C. take it out D .take them out()Lisa, we need to clean the kitchen. Could you the trash?-Yes,

8、 sure. take after B. take off C. take place D. take out() your pen and write down what I m going to say.A. Take away B. Take off C. Take down D. Take outA.【2013 黑龙江大庆】6. You had better hurry or we ll be late for the plane. The plane will in a few minutes.A. take upB. take downC. take off D. take awa

9、y你能和我一起去散步吗？你应该关心你的父母。 那个男孩明天将参加一个考试请脱掉你的外套。2. Can you do the dishes.那你可以洗盘子吗？do the dishes洗碗【结构1】do the + 名词：do the dishes/ laundry洗餐具/衣服【结构2】do the + 动词-ingdo the cleaning打扫卫生【结构3】do ones +名词do ones housework/ homework做家务/家庭作业【结构 4】do some 动词-ing do some reading/ shopping 读写书/购物Do some shopping do

10、 some cleaning你能和你一起上购物吗？你能打扫卫生吗？你能做你的家庭作业吗？( )He helps his mother after every meal.A. does the dishes B. do the dish C. do the dishes D. does the dishCould I at leastfinish watching this show?!少让我看完这个节目可以吗？【解析 1】Could I do a sth? 我可以做 吗？用于表达请求，语气比较委婉。Could I go out with my classmate this weekend?【解

11、析 2】at least至少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度。(反)at most至少，不【2012 江苏南通 4 Now all of us exerciseat least hour a day andoutside school.A. the; a B.a; an C.不填；aD.不填；an他至少50岁了。你至少看了 2个小时电视了【解析 3】finish v 结束； 完成 finish doing sth做完某事finish sth 做完某事lets the work一起把工作完成吧.I at 8:00 last night.(昨晚八点我完成了作业 )You do have to befo

12、re eating吃东西之前，你确实得先洗手你应该今天完成它10. -May I go out with you tomorrow?-If your job by then.A. has been finished B. finish C. will be finished D. will finish2013 四川雅安 4 8. Can you finish these books before 10 oclock? Yes, I can.A. to readB. readC. readsD. ReadingI think two hours of TV is enough for you!

13、我觉得你看两个小时的电视已经足够【解析11 two hours of TV表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数形式(be) really a short time.How time is flies! Three years 300dollar enough/ 作形容解析2 enough足够的，充分的（在句中作岸语或表语）I don t have enough money with me.作 副词 足够；充分（放在形容词；副词后）The river is deep enough for swimming.U 己】 Mr. Smith has enough m

14、oney ,but he isit kind enough to help others. 【注意】enough修饰名词时，置于名词前；修饰形容词时，置于形容词之后。足够的时间足够聪明.WeI was足够快足够的蔬菜our homework.我们有充足的时间做家庭作业？believe him.我够傻的，竟会相信他？由中考试题看 so.that,too.tof口 enough to的转换so. that, too. to和enough to是初中英语教材中的重要结构。在一定条件 下它们可以相互转换，并经常成为中考热点，请看下面三道中考试题：The water wasdirty for usdri

15、nk1. The water was so dirty that we couldnt drink it2. The child is so young that he cant put on his clothesThe child isntput on his clothe s3. The problem is too difficult for me to work outThe problem isntfor me to work out拿；取吃；喝；服用乘（车；船等）They usuallytake the bus to work.花费（时间；金钱）It takes me two h

16、ours to do my homework every4. Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes?你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服叠好，再把碗洗了吗？【解析】take out拿出；取出take的用法：Please take some books to the classroom.Take this medicine three times a day.takin front ofin the front of【记】 The driver satThe policeman stood There is a mo

17、untain There is a blackboard()At last the taxi stoppedthe car.the house.the classroom.a tall building ,and we all got off.day.-Careless driving after drinking his life. - ?m sorry to hear that.A. took B. spent C. paid D. cost6. The minutel sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over我刚坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就过

18、来了。【的单析 1】the minute = as soon as 就”Please write to me the minute you get there.她一到那，我就将给她打电话。解析 2 in front of指在物体外部的前面There is a bike in front of the classroom.指在物体内部的前部Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom the car.A. in front B. in the front C. in front of D. in the front of【注意】有th

19、e无the区别大：at table吃饭；进餐at the tabel 在桌边in hospital 住院in the hospital在医院（不一定看病）解析3 come over过来 come over to sfcB便来访 【拓展】come短语：come across（偶然） come true 实现come in/into 进入，进来 come and go来来去去 1.If we try our best,发现 come back回来come up with 想出come down 下来 come on赶快,力口油 come up上来 our dream willcome from=b

20、e from 来自，出生于come along走吧，过来，快点come out出来，（花）开，（照片）冲洗出来 one day .（内蒙古自治区包头市）A.work out B.come trueC.put up D.show off2.Han Han is a popular writer. His new book will this Septemb er 江苏省宿迁市）A.come up B.come inC.come out D.come on1. I came him first in Beijing. 2. Come, try it again.3. I hlelp you too

21、 if any beast comes you.4. It is impossible for a dead animal to come5. Lei Feng came a poopeasant family.6. The trees turn green and flowers come7. This magazine comes once a month.7. You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house!你总是看电 视，从不帮忙做家务！ 【解析】 all the time = always 一直；总是【拓展】

22、与time相关的短语：on time 按时in time 及时at the same time 同时form time to time 偶尔 the first time 第次 at times 有时time and time again 经常 last time上次 next time 下次The train arrives.If you run, you may be for the busMeimei goes to the zoo 梅梅有时去动物园Look!The monkeys are running and jumping 看！ 那些猴子总是蹦来蹦去See you tomorrow

23、 明天同一时间见8. I m just as tired asyou are!我和你一样累！【解析】 as.as . 和样【注】比较级倍数表达句型为：倍数 +as+容词、副词原级+as+比较对象As big as twice as big as three times as big asThis room is that oneE倍大Your room is miner 样大This bridge is that one. 倍长【2013 玉林 1】56. Liu Ying is good at singing. She sings the famous singer,CoCo.A. as w

24、ell as B. as good as C. as better as D. as the best as 2013 临沂 1 21. When an earthquake happens, and you are outdoors, you should go to an open area as as possible.A. quickly B. quietlyC. loudlyD. slowly你的帽子和我的一样漂亮33. It s said that the power plant is now large as what it was.A. twice as B. as twice

25、 C. twice much D. much twice9. For one week , she did not do any housework andeither did .一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。【解析】neither +助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语 “某人（主语）也不” neither两者者B不 neither nor既不也不,连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定Neither Tom nor Jim js a student她既不喜欢乳酪也不喜欢黄油is at home today 天胞勃和汤母者B不在家【2013 浙江绍兴6.Which magazine d

26、o you like better, Crazy Reading or Teen s space?I like of them. They are useful for English lessons.A. none B. neither C. all D. both【十堰】D27. Which do you prefer, a CD player or a walkman?. I prefer a portable computer.A. Both B. Either C. None D. Neither5. The teachers in that school speak either

27、English or French, or even.Thats so cool!A. all B. both C. neither D. none3. I have two sisters, but of them is a teacher.A. all B. neither C. both D. none 表达 “ 也不” 贝用 Neither /Nor + be / V 助 / V T青 + 主”They didnt go to the park yesterday. Neither / Nor did we昨天他们没去公园,She doesnt go to school by bus.

28、我也没1. He can ride a bike, so I.2. The boy woke, and a week later, so his friend.3. Tom doesn like bananas. Neither his wife.4. If you wori go, neither I.5. He is a teacher and so his wife.6. She has been to New York .So I.7. I like singing and so Tom.8. I don eat meat and neither Helen.9. Jamesdidn

29、attend the meeting and neither Jane.10. Shehasn seen that film. Neither I.11. I don like football. Neither I.10. The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净、整洁。【解析】find +宾语+宾语补足语【注】find f found ffound v 寻找(1) find sb. doing sth发现某人做某事(2) find it + a

30、dj. + to do sth 发现做某事很 find it difficult/ hard to do sth 发现做某事彳艮困难You will at the back of the boo心书后你可找到答案We find我们发现这个故事很有趣I found我发现那个小男孩藏在门后He found 他发现要及时完成这项工作很困难()She found hard to finish the work by herself.A. that B. it SD. it D. this11. She askedin surprise她吃，原地问道。【解析】in surprise惊奇地；吃惊地surp

31、rise v 使吃，原-surprising adj.令人吃，原的 fsurprised adj.吃，原的 to one s surprise某人吃T京的是in surprise 吃T京地 be surprised at 对感至U吃T京John turned around and looked at meThe news greatly us这条消息使我们大为惊讶We his arrivalShe find her handbag missing, the boy won the prize.“A farmer?” said the Frenchman12. “ I m do sorry, M

32、om. I finish understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable homel replied. 对不起，妈妈。我 终于理解为了拥有一个干净、舒适的家我们需要共同来分担家务。我回答说。【解析 1】need v 需要用于肯定句、是实义动词。(1)人估攵丰语，sb. need to do sth 人需要估攵某事(2)物做主语、sth need doing sth= sth need to be doneHe J!要一些帮助Its cold outside. You need用于否定句

33、或疑问句，是情态动词(1)needn t = don t haveta、要 不必You at once.；不必马上做那件事情You this weekS周你不必去(2)need ,must引导的一般疑问旬，肯定会的用 must,否定回答用needn t Must I go there now? Yes, you must/No, you needHt练习1. Grandpa to water the flowers now It going to rain soon2. . Tom will help you finish the work on time , so you worry abo

34、ut it3. John , you do your homework today , Leave it for tomorrow4. Since you are very tired , you finish the work today5. Parents pay for the ninears education in China6. Don feed the fish too often for they much food7. There is plenty of time. You be in such a hurry.This exercise is not difficult

35、. I any help()You to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.8. A. needn t to come B. don t need come C. don t need comingeedn t come share sth 分享或共用某物 share sth with sb.与某人分享某物让我们分享这块蛋糕吧我喜欢和我的妈妈分享快乐。13. Could I hang out with my friends after the movie?看完电影后我能和朋友们 一起闲逛吗？【解析】

36、 hang out闲逛 hang up 把悬挂/挂起你喜欢和你的朋友闲逛吗？14. Could you pleasepass me the sa?t 能把盐递给我吗？【解析】pass v 给；递；走过；通过 pass sb.sth把某物递给某人 Pass on传Please pass the paper on to the other students.我把我的书递给了她，请把这个篮球传给他 v 通过；路过 I pass your home. v 通过(考试)；及格 Tom can pass his mathexam.如果你不努力，你将不能通过考试。【2013 广东中考】If Nancy _

37、the exam , she will go to Australia for English study.A. pass B. passed C. passes D. will pass15. Could I borrowthat book纸能借下你那本书看吗Could you lend me some money?能借我 些钱吗？【解析】borrow /lend/keep(1)borrow 借入，与 from I车用,力中旨语“【借井来”】borrow sth from sb.从某人那里借某物 You can borrow the book from the library.(2)lend

38、 借出 ，与 to 搭酉己 【旨借出去】lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 犯,某物借给某人He doesH t want to lend his book jo others.(3)keep保留：保存正纨动词：可以与表示一段时间的状语连用)【指借一段时间】U 己】I want to a bike from my friend but he didii t it to me,Because Tom had it for two days.【宁夏中考 1 You may the book for two weeks.A. keep B. borrow C. lend D. bu

39、yAlthough you like the book, you may only it for two weeks.A. borrow B. keep C. lend D. stay. May I your dictionary? Sorry. Li Lei it for five days.A. lend; borrowed B. borrow; has kept C. borrow ; has borrowed D. lend; has lent16. I cut my finger and I m trying not to getitwet.我的手指割伤了，伤口不能弄【解析】try

40、(not) to do sth努力(不)做某事。try v试图，设法，努力【拓展】(1)try on 试穿(2) try to do sth 努力做某事【侧重尽力做】(3) try doing sth 试图做某事【侧重尝试做】(4)try one s best to do sth= do one s bestQdoth 力做某事1 Scientists are trying their best to ways to treat the terrible disease called H7N9.A. come up with B. look forward to C. talk about D

41、. give up 2013 广东中考 2】一I didn t hear you come in just now.- That s good. We tried any noise, for you were sleeping.A. not make B. not to make C. to make D. MakingNobody answers the front door.Lets the back door.没人应前门，我们试试敲后门Lets this maths problem.让我们努力解开这道数学题 .You can the shirt if you like17. I hat

42、e to do chores我讨厌做家务。【解析】hate to do sth讨厌做某事，表示某次具体行为或动作。I hate to troublehim.hate doing sth 愿意做某事 表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。She hates smoking in her room.18. Could I ask you to help mewith some chores then? 那我能请求你帮我做些【解析】ask sb. to do sth要求某人做某事。ask for 请求，要某物 ask sb. about sth向某人询问关干某事(1)ask sb. for help向某人请求

43、帮助(2) ask sb. (not) to do sth青求某人做某ask构成的短语:短语含义ask sb. to do sth请某人做某事ask sb. not to do sth不让某人做某事ask sb for sth向某人要某物ask for help寻求帮助)The young should the old advice at work.A. ask; for B. ask; to C. ask for; / D. asks;()If you have difficulty in learning English, you should ask your teacher or yo

44、ur classmateshelp.A. for B. of C. in D. on【重庆中考】 Mr. Li asks the students in the river, because it s too dangerous.A. swim B. to swim C. not to swim D. to not swim【2013 北京中考】 Our teacher often asks us questions in groups.A. discuss B. to discuss C. discussing D. discussed19.I ll finish my homework w

45、hile you help me with the dishes.当你帮我洗盘子的时候,完成我的家庭作业。【解析 1】finish doing sth完成某事Finish的用法 及物动词 vt. 1.结束;完成+v-ingWhen does he his college course?何时大学毕业？I havent the book yet.我还没读完这本书【解析 2】 while conj. 在期间； 当的时候”While引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续动词。While用法小结：一、while用作名词时，意为“一段时间，一会儿”。例如 ： I stayed there for a sh

46、ort while.(我 在那儿 呆了小 会 JLo) The postman came a short while ago.(由B递员刚刚来过。)二、while用作连词时，有以下几种含义：1.意为“当，时候，和，同时”，引导时间状语从句。例 如： While I was watching TV, the bell rang.(我看电视时，铃响了。)Meimei watched TV while she ate her supper.(梅梅边吃晚饭边看电视。)【解析 3】help sb. with sth.在某事上帮助某人。【注 help v 帮助 f helpful adj. 有帮助的(1)

47、help sb. do sth. =help sb. with sth帮助某人做某事(2)with the help of sb.=with one s help人的帮助之下(3)without the help of 没有在 的帮助之下Can you h ?你能帮助我学英语吗？Help yourself to. 请随便吃鱼her, he found his lost childCan you help?你能帮助他完成这项工作吗？重点短语go out for dinner 出去吃饭stay out late在外面待到很晚go to the movies 去看电影get a ride 搭车wor

48、k on 从事finish doing sth.完成做某事clean and tidy 干净整洁do the dishes 洗餐具take out the rubbish 倒垃圾fold your/the clothes 叠衣服sweep the floor 扫地make your/the bed 整理床铺clean the living room 打扫客厅no problem 没问题welcome sb.欢迎某人come home fro m school/ workt 学/下班回家throw down 扔下sit down 坐下come over 过来take sb. for a walk

49、 带某人去散步all the time 一直 ;总是all day/evening 整曰 /夜do housework 做家务shout back 大声回应walk away 走开.share the housework 分担家务a comfortable home 一个舒适的家in surprise 惊讶地get something to drink 拿点喝的东西watch one show 观看一个节目hang out 闲逛pass sb. sth.把某物传给某人lend sb. sth.把某物借给某人get sth. wet 使某物弄湿hate to do sth.讨厌做某事help s

50、b. (to ) d o /with sth帮助某人干某事bring a tent 带顶帐篷来buy some snack献 些小吃go to the stored 商店invite sb. to a party邀请某人参加聚会make sb. do sth.使某人做某事enough stress!够的压力waste of time浪费时间in order to 为了get good grade戴得好成绩mind doing sth. 介意做某事depend on依赖；依靠develop children s independence子的独立性look after/take care of 照

51、顾；照看do one s part in (doing ) SthK人分内的事二、重点句型1. Could you please .do sth. ?Could you please clean your roomi?能整理下你的房间吗？2. I have to do some wor蛾必须干些活。3. Could I+ do sth. ?Could I use your computer或可以用下你的电月而吗？4. She won t be happy if she sees this mess.如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话，她会不高兴的。5. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I. 整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样。6. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the T V . 我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。7. hate + ( to do/ doing) sth.I hate to do chores.