医学常用词根词缀

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1、医学常用词根词缀a- not, without, less ab- from, away from, off abs- from, away from, off ad- increase, adherence, motion toward, very -ad toward, in the direction of, -ward alge- pain algesi- pain algio- pain algo- pain ambi- around, on (both) sides, on all sides, both amyl- starch, polysaccharide nature or

2、 origin amylo- starch, polysaccharide nature or origin an- not, without, -less ana- up, toward, apart ante- before anti- against, opposing; curative; an antibody apo- separated from, derived from arteri- artery arterio- artery arthr- a joint, an articulation arthro- a joint, an articulation -ase an

3、enzyme-ate a salt or ester of an“ ic ” acidaut- self, same auto- self, same bacteri- bacteria bacterio- bacteria bi- twice, double bio- life blasto- budding by cells or tissuebronch- bronchus bronchi- bronchus broncho- bronchus carcin- cancer carcino- cancer cardi- the heart; esophageal opening of s

4、tomach cardio- the heart; esophageal opening of stomach cata- down cephal- the head cephalo- the head chem- chemistry chemo- chemistry chlor- green; chlorine chloro- green; chlorine chol- bile chondrio- cartilage; granular; gritty chrom- color chromat- color chromo- color -cidal killing, destroying

5、-cide killing, destroying cis- on this side, on the near side co- with, together, in association, very, complete col- with, together, in association, very, complete com- with, together, in association, very, complete con- with, together, in association, very, complete cor- with, together, in associa

6、tion, very, complete carni- cranium cranio- cranium cry- cold cryo- coldcycl- a circle, a cycle; the ciliary body cyst- the bladder; the cystic duct; a cyst cysti- the bladder; the cystic duct; a cyst cysto- the bladder; the cystic duct; a cyst cyt- cell -cyte cell cyto- cell dactyl- the fingers, th

7、e toes dactylo- the fingers, the toes de- away from, cessation derm- skin derma- skin dermat- skin dermato- skin dermo- skin dextr- right, toward or on the right side dextro- right, toward or on the right side di- separation, taking apart, reversal, not, undif- separation, taking apart, reversal, no

8、t, undir- separation, taking apart, reversal, not, undis- separation, taking apart, reversal, not, un- duodeno- the duodenum-dynia pain dynamo- force, energy dys- bad, difficult ect- outer, on the outside ecto- outer, on the outside encephal- the brain encephalo- the brain end- within, inner endo- w

9、ithin, innerenter- the intestines entero- the intestines epi- upon, following, subsequent to ergo- work erythr- red, redness erythro- red, redness esthesio- sensation, perception eu- good, well ex- out of, from, away from exo- exterior, external, outward extra- without, outside of ferri- the presenc

10、e in a compound of a ferric ion ferro- metallic iron, the divalent ion (Fe 2+) fibr- fiber fibro- fiber-form in the form or shape of galact- milk galacto- milk-gen producing, coming to be; precursor of gloss- the tongue glosso- the tongue gluco- glucose glyco- sugars gnath- the jaw gnatho- the jaw -

11、gram a recording granul- granular, granule granulo- granular, granule -graph a recording instrument gyn- woman gyne- womangyneco- woman gyno- woman hem- blood hema- blood hemat- blood hemato- blood hemi- one-half hemo- blood hepat- the liver hepatico- the liver hepato- the liver hidr- sweat hidro- s

12、weat hist- tissue histio- tissue histo- tissue hydr- water; hydrogen hydro- water; hydrogen hyper- excessive, above normal hypo- beneath; diminution, deficiency; the lowest hyster- uterus; hysteria; ;late, following -ia a condition-iasis a condition, a state -ic pertaining to -ics organized knowledg

13、e, practice, treatment ileo- the ileum （ 回肠 ） infra- belowinter- between, among intra- within irid- the iris irido- the irisischi- the ischium （坐骨 ）ischio- the ischium -ism condition, disease; a practice, doctrine -ismus spasm; contraction iso- equal, like;“isomer of ”; sameness-ite the nature of, r

14、esembling -ites -y, -like-itides plural of itis-itis inflammation （炎症 ）弱）karyo- nucleus kerat- the comea （ 角膜 ） kerato- the comea kin- movement kine- movement kinesi- motion kinesio- motion kineso- motion kino- movement lact- milk lacti- mile lacto- milk laryng- the larynx （ 喉） laryngo- the larynx l

15、atero- lateral, to one side, a side -lepsis a seizure -lepsy seizure lepto- light （轻）, slender （细）, thin （薄）, frail （leuk- white leuko- white linguo- tongue lip- fat, lipidlipo- fat, lipidlith- a stone, calculus, calcification litho- a stone, calculus, calcification -log speech, words log- speech, w

16、ords-login study of; collecting logo- speech, words -logy study of; collecting lymph- lymph lympho- lymph lys- lysis, dissolution lyso- lysis, dissolution macr- large; long macro- large; long mast- breast masto- breast meg- large, oversize; one million mega- large, oversize; one million megal- large

17、 megalo- large-megaly large melan- black melano- black肠系膜 )mening- meninges （ 脑脊膜 ） meningo- meninges mes- middle, mean, intermediacy; mesentery （ meso- middle, mean, intermediacy; mesentery meta- after, behind; joint action, sharing micr- smallness; one-millionth; microscopic micro- smallness; one-

18、millionth; microscopic mon- singlemono- single morph- form, shape, structure morpho- form, shape, structure myx- mucus （ 粘液 ） myxo- mucus necr- death, necrosis necro- death, necrosis nephr- the kidney nephro- the kidney neur- a nerve, the nervous system neuri- a nerve, the nervous system neuro- a ne

19、rve, the nervous system oculo- eye, ocular odont- tooth odonto- tooth odyn- pain odyno- pain -oid resemblance to olig- few, little oligo- few, little -oma tumor, neoplasm趾甲）-omata plural of - oma oncho- onco- onco- tumor, bulk, volume -one a ketone （-CO-酮） grouponych- fingernail （ 指甲 ）, toenail （ on

20、ycho- fingernail, toenail oo- egg, ovary （卵巢 ）oophor- ovary oophoro- ovary ophthalm- the eyeophthalmo- the eye orchi- testis ( 睾丸 ) orchido- testis orchio- testis-oses plural of - osis-osis process, condition, stateossi- bone osseo- bony ost- bone oste- bone osteo- bone ovari- ovary ovario- ovary ov

21、i- egg ovo- egg oxa- the presence or addition of oxygen atom(s) oxo- addition of oxygenoxy- sharp; acid; acute; shrill; quick; oxygen pachy- thickpan- all, entire pant- all, entire panto- all, entire para- abnormal; involvement of two like parts path- disease patho- disease -pathy disease ped- child

22、; foot pedi- child; foot pedo- child; foot -penia deficiencyper- through, thoroughly, intenselyperi- around, about-pexy fixation, usually surgical phaco- lens-shaped; relation to a lens （ 晶状体，透镜 ） -phage eating, devouring-phagia eating, devouring phago- eating, devouring -phagy eating, devouring pha

23、rmaco- drugs, medicine pharyng- the pharynx （ 咽 ） pharyngo- the pharynx phleb- vein phlebo- vein phon- sound, speech phono- sound, speech phor- carrying, bearing; a carrier, a bearer; phoria （隐斜视 ）phoro- carrying, bearing; a carrier, a bearer; phoria phos- light （ 光 ） phot- light photo- lightphren-

24、diaphragm （ 横膈膜 ）; the mind; phrenic （ 膈膜的，精神的 ） phreni- diaphragm; the mind; phrenic-phrenia of mind phrenico- diaphragm; the mind; phrenic phreno- diaphragm; the mind; phrenic physi- physical; natural; the science of physics physio- physical; natural; the science of physics physo- tendency to swel

25、l or inflate; air, gas phyt- plants phyto- plants -plasia formation plasma- plasma （ 血浆 ）plasmat- plasma plasmato- plasma plasmo- plasma -plegia paralysis （ 麻痹，瘫痪 ） pleur- rib （ 肋骨）, side, pleura （ 胸膜，肋膜 ） pleura- rib, side, pleura pleuro- rib, side, pleura pluri- several, more -pnea breath, respira

26、tion pneo- breath, respiration pneum- air, gas; the lungs; breathing pneuma- air, gas; the lungs; breathing pneumat- air, gas; the lungs; breathing pneumato- air, gas; the lungs; breathing pod- foot, foot-shaped -pod foot, foot-shaped podo- foot, foot-shaped -poiesis production post- after, behind,

27、posterior pre- anterior, before pro- before, forward; precursor of proct- the anus （ 肛门 ）, the rectum （ 直肠 ） procto- the anus, the rectum psych- the mind psyche- the mind psycho- the mind pyel- （renal） pelvis （骨盆） ：肾盂pyelo- （renal） pelvis pyo- suppuration （ 化脓 ）, an accumulation of pus, pus （脓）pyret

28、o- fever pyro- fire, heat, feverrachi- the spine rachio- the spine radio- radiation （辐射）, chiefly x-ray; radius （桡骨 ）re- again, backwardrect- the rectum recto- the rectum retro- backward, behind rhin- the nose rhino- the nose -rrhagia discharge-rrhaphy surgical suturing （缝合 ）-rrhea a flowing, a flux

29、 salping- a tube ：输卵管，咽鼓管 salpingo- a tube sarco- muscular substance, flesh-like schisto- split, cleft schiz- split, cleft, division schizo- split, cleft, division scler- hardness （induration） （ 硬化） ，sclerosis, the sclera （ 巩 膜）sclero- hardness （induration）, sclerosis, the sclera-scope an instrument

30、 for viewing-scopy the use of an instrument for viewing semi- one-half; partlysial- saliva （涎 ）, the salivary glands （唾液腺，涎腺 ）sialo- saliva, the salivary glands sigmoid- sigmoid, the sigmoid colon sigmoido- sigmoid, the sigmoid colon sito- food, grain somat- the body, bodily somatico- the body, bodi

31、lysomato- the body, bodily spasmo- spasm sperma- semen （ 精液）, spermatozoa （ 精子） spermato- semen, spermatozoa spermo- semen, spermatozoa splanchn- the viscera （内脏 ）葡萄球菌 )splanchni- the viscera splanchno- the viscera splen- the spleen spleno- the spleenstaphyl- a grape, a bunch of grapes; staphylococc

32、i （ staphylo- a grape, a bunch of grapes; staphylococci -stat an agent to prevent changing or moving steno- narrowness, constriction stheno- strength, force, power stom- mouth stoma- mouth stomat- mouth stomato- mouth sub- beneath, less than normal, inferior super- in excess, above, superior, in the

33、 upper part sy- together syl- together sym- together syn- together sys- together thel- the nipples （乳头 ）thelo- the nipples therm- heat thermo- heat thorac- the chest, the thoraxthoracico- the chest, the thorax thoraco- the chest, the thorax thromb- blood clot thrombo- blood clot thyr- the thyroid gl

34、and toco- childbirth -tome a cutting instrument; a segment, section -tomy a cutting operation tono- tone, tension, pressure top- place, topical topo- place, topical tox- a toxin, a poison toxi- a toxin, a poison toxico- a toxin, a poison toxo- a toxin, a poison trache- the trachea （气管 ）tracheo- the

35、trachea trans- across, through, beyond trich- the hair, a hairlike structure trichi- the hair, a hairlike structure -trichia the hair, a hairlike structure tricho- the hair, a hairlike structure -trophic food, nutrition tropho- food, nutrition -trophy food, nutrition -tropic turning toward, affinity

36、 uri- uric acid uric- uric acid urico- uric acid vas- a duct, a blood vessel vasculo- a blood vesselvaso- a duct, a blood vessel vesic- a vesica （膀胱 ）, a vesiclevesico- a vesica, a vesicle xanth- yellow, yellowish xantho- yellow, yellowish zo- an animal, animal life zoo- an animal, animal life zym- fermentation （ 发酵 ）, enzymes （ 酶） zymo- fermentation, enzymes