初高中六大从句的归纳整理Word版

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1、一 主语从句1. 定义在句子中做主语成份。2. 种类由连词that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义/在句中不做成分/不可以省。That you will win the medal seems unlikely.你要赢奖牌这个事可能不能实现。用连词 whether 引导的主语从句: whether有含义(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省。注意：引导主语从句，不能用if，只能用whether。Whether she is coming or not doesnt matter too much.她来不来并不重要。在由连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, who

2、ever, whomever, whichever, whatever引导What you need is more practice.你需要的是更多的练习。Whatever we do is to serve the people.我们所做的一切就是为人民服务。（whatever = anything that; whoever = anyone who）用连接副词when, where, why, how引导How to solve the problem hasnt been decided.怎么解决这个问题还没有决定。3. 注意： it构成的主语从句（1）由连词that引导的主语从句，

3、在大多数情况下会放到句子的后面，而用代词it作形式主语。例如：That light travels in straight lines is known to all. =It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.所有人都知道，光是直线照射的。4.谓语一般是单数。在句子中起名词作用的各种从句统称为名词性从句。根据它们在句中的语法作用，这类从句又可分为主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句和宾语从句。一完成以下选择题：1.【2012安徽】27. The limits of a persons intelligence, general

4、ly speaking, are fixed at birth, but _he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. A. where B. whether C. that D. why 2.【2012全国】24. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A. how B. whichC. that D. what3.【2012山东】25. It doesnt matter _ you pay by cash or credit card

5、in this store.2 / 32A. how B. whether C. what D. why4.【2012湖南】26. Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesnt matter _ you have lived there for a short or a long time.A. why B. how C. whether D. when5.【2012天津】9. It doesnt matter _ you turn right or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the

6、park.A. whether B. how C. if D. when 6.【2012江西】25. It suddenly occurred to him _ he had left his keys in the office.A. whether B. where C. which D. that 2011-20021【2011北京卷 22】_ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. A. WhichB. WhatC. ThatD. Whom2【2011江苏卷 26】It was never clear _ t

7、he man hadnt reported the accident sooner.A. that B. how C. when D. why3【2011重庆卷 22】It is still under discussion _the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.A. whether B. when C. which D. where4【2011湖南卷)31】Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _the problem itself

8、is. A. what B. that C. which D. why510北京 _ some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A. Whether B. What C. That D. How610浙江It is uncertain _ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousandpatients have taken it. A. that B. what C. how D. whether709天津It

9、is obvious to the students _ they should get well prepared for their future.A. as B. which C. whether D. that808福建 _ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.A. ItB. WhatC. AsD. Which908山东_ was most important to her, she told me, was her family.A. ItB. ThisC. What

10、D. As1007全国_matters most in learning English is enough practice.A. WhatB. WhyC. WhereD. Which1107陕西_parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.A. ThatB. WhichC. WhatD. As1207福建It is none of your business_other people think about you. Believe yourself.A. howB. whatC. whichD. when1306

11、天津What we used to think_impossible now does seem possible.A. isB. wasC. has beenD. will be1406山东_team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.A. No matter whatB. No matter whichC. WhateverD. Whichever1506辽宁_makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.A.

12、WhatB. WhoC. WhateverD. Whoever1603上海It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. A. that B. when C. what D. how1703上海春_ made the school proud was _ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. A. What; because B. What; t

13、hat C. That; what D. That because1802上海春_fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. A. What B. That C . This D. Which二用适当的引导词填空。1. It is likely _ he is the winner of this game. 很可能他是这场游戏的胜利者。2. _ she bought so many dictionaries is not clear.= It is

14、not clear _ she bought so many dictionaries.不清楚她为什么买这么多字典。3. _ he was admitted into Beijing University made his teachers and parents happy. 他考上了北大，这让他的老师和父母很高兴。4. Its a pity_ you cant attend my birthday party.很可惜你不能参加我的生日聚会。5. _ we will build a new high school hasnt been decided. 我们是否要建新高中还没决定呢。6. _

15、 breaks the law should be punished.不管谁违法都应该受到惩罚。7. It is necessary _ the problem (should) be solved at once. 很有必要立刻解决这个问题。8. _ he was born is unknown. 他生于何时还不知道。9 It is possible _ he has stolen the car. 很可能他偷了小车。10. _ has broken the glass is unknown. 谁打破了玻璃现在还不知道。11. _ he wants is all here. 他所要的东西都在

16、这里。12. _ he worked it out is still a secret.他是如何把它做出来的还是一个秘密13. _ they makes in this factory are TV sets. 他们在工厂里所做的东西就是电视机。14. _ they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。15. _ you want is yours. 你要哪个哪个就是你的。16. _ we need is money. 我们需要的是钱。17._ we arrive doesnt matter. 什么时候到没有关系。18. _ it w

17、as done was a mystery. 这是怎样做的是一个谜。19 _ this happended is not clear to anyone. 这件事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。20. _ I spend my summer is no business of yours. 我在哪里过暑假不关你的事。三翻译1(谁将去接他)_ is not decided.2(哪个班极会赢得这场足球赛)_ is not clear .3(他能否买到飞机票)_ doesnt matter much.4(我们如何去那里)_ is a question.5. It is clear_(他是一个乞丐).二 表语

18、从句1. 定义名词性从句在be等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句 。从句在句子中做表语 成份。2. 种类 连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether, how. whoever，whomever，whichever ，whatever等The question is when he can arrive at the hotel. 问题是，他什么时候可以到达酒店。 that在表语从句中不可以省掉。 基本用法：表语从句只能置于主句之后，而主句的动词只能是联系动词be，look，seem，sound，appear等。Th

19、e scissors are not what I need. 这把剪刀不是我所需要的。一完成以下选择题1. The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.A. that B. if C. when D. whether2The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of3. Go and get your coat. It s _you left itA. where B. there C. ther

20、e where D. where there4The problem is _to take the place of TedA. who can we get B. what we can getC. who we can get D. that we can get5. What I want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us.A. that B. if C. whether D.不填6. The reason is_I missed the bus. A. that B. when C. why D. what7. That is _

21、_ we were late last time. A. that B. when C. why D. what8. She looked _ she were ten years younger. A. that B. like C. as D. as though9.I fell sick!-I think it is _ you are doing too much. A. why B. when C. what D. because 10. The reason why he hasnt come is _. A. because his mother is ill B. becaus

22、e of his mothers being illC. that his mother is ill D. for his mother is ill11. He was born here.- That is _ he likes the place so much.A. that B. what C. why D. how12.That is _ Lu Xun once lived.A. what B. where C. that D. whythat/what的区别1_your father wants to know is_ getting on with your studies.

23、A. What; how are you B. That；how you are C. How；that you are D. What；how you are2. The trouble is_we are short of tools. A. what B. that C. how D. why that3. America was _was first called “India” by Columbus.A. what B. where C. the place D. there where4. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It i

24、s no longer_ . A. what it used to be B. what it was used to being C. what it used to being D. what it was used to be 5. _he really means is _he disagrees with us.A. What that B. That whatC. What what D. That what6. The energy is _ makes the cells able to do their work.A. that B. which C. what D. suc

25、h高考练习1 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week .Is that_ you had a few days off？（NMET1999）A. why B .what C. when D. where 2 .I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella _I got wet through. （1998 上海）A. Its the reason B. Thats why C. Theres why D. Its how3. See the flags on top of the building? That

26、 was _ we did this morning. （06 全国）A. when B. which C. where D. what4. - Are you still thinking about yesterdays game?(2003北京春) -Oh, thats _.A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited5. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he s

27、aid it.（2004湖北）A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which三 同位语从句1. 定义在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。2. 种类 可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等 I heard the news that our team had won我听到了我们队获胜的消息。英语

28、中引导同位语从句的词通有连词 that，whether，连接副词 how,when,where等。（注：if,which 不能引导同位语从句。） He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。 The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city 他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。一 用适当的连接词填空：1.It worried her a bit _ her

29、hair was turning gray.2.I have no idea _we can do with these waste materials.3. _the doctor really doubts is _my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.4.It is hoped _nature will never be destroyed.5. _do you guess will give a talk on English tomorrow?6.- I drove to Zhuhai for the air sho

30、w last week. - Is that _you had a few days off?7. Word came _I was wanted at the office.8.Do you know _of them will be our new headmaster?9.The teacher didnt tell me _we were wrong.10. Its generally considered unwise to give a child _he or she wants.二.单项选择1. It was true _ Alice did surprised her mot

31、her.A. that B. what C. that, what D. what, that2. Does _matter much _he cant come to the meeting.A. it, if B. that, if C. it, whether D. this, whether3.-What are you anxious about?- _A. How can we succeed B. Whether we can succeed C. When can we succeed D. That we can succeed 4.The reason _the littl

32、e actress has been such a success is _she is both clever and hard-working.A. why, why B. why, that C. that, because D. for, because5. _leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. The person 6.I really dont know _I had this photo taken.A. where it was that B. it

33、was that C. where it was D. it was why 7.? Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge. I cant remember _.A. where B. there C. which D. that 8.-What do you think of China? -_different life is today from _it used to be.A. How, what B. What, what C. How, that D. What, that 9.Give this to _you thin

34、k can do the work well. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever 10._troubles me is _I cant learn all these English idioms by heart. A. That, that B. What, what C. That, what D. What, that四 宾语从句1. 定义宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。2. 种类由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：He said (

35、that) he wanted to stay at home.他说他想留在家里。由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? 你知道他们在等谁吗？由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。 if、whether 一般情况下可以互换，但在构成whetheror not 句式只用whether例如：I want to know

36、 if (whether) he lives there.我想知道他是否住在这里。3. 语序陈述句的语序：主语+谓语+宾语。例如：Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when well have the meeting.请告诉我，我们什么时候开会。4. 时态主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。如：I dont think (that) you are right. 我认为你是错的。Please tell us what they bought in the mall yesterday.请告诉我们， 他们

37、昨天在商场买了什么。如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：He asked what time it was.（从句一般过去时）他问现在几点。He told me that he was preparing for the meeting.（从句过去进行时）他告诉我，他正在为会议做准备。如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.我们老师说过，一月是一年的第一个月。一、 用tha

38、t, whether(if), what, who, which, how, where或why填空，完成下列句子。1. Please tell us_ the sports meeting will begin.2. She said_ her aunt lived in Shanghai.3. Did you know_ she was?4. Do you know_ is thicker, a book or a dictionary?5. He was surprised at _you said to him yesterday afternoon.6. I wonder_ she

39、has really gone to Beijing.7. I couldnt understand _ my wife was so angry.8. He doesnt know _ and _ his mother was born.9. I went upstairs to see _ everything was in good order.10. Her mother wondered _ she closed the door of her bedroom.二 选择题类型一：引导词的运用（1） I dont know _or notA whether he is at homeB

40、 if he is at homeC that he is at home D whether is he at home（2） This depends on _ the weather is fineA which B whetherC if D that（3） The teacher asked the new student _ class he was inA which B whereC if D that（4） I dont know _ Mr Green will come to see us Hell help us with our EnglishA why B when

41、C how D where（5） Be careful！ Dont break the bottles Do you hear _ I said? David? Yes， MumA what B that C why D if（6） Do you know _ Mr Blacks address is? He may live at NO18 or No 19 of Bridge Street Im not sure of _A where， which B where， whatC what， whichD what， where（7） There is not much differenc

42、e between the two I really dont know _A what should I chooseB which I should chooseC which should I choose D what I should choose类型二：宾语从句的语序（1）Did you find out _?A she was looking for whose childB whose child was she looking forC whose child she is looking forD whose child she was looking for（2）Are

43、you interested in _?A how did he do it B he did it howC how he did itD he how did it（3）I dont know _ Can you tell me?A how the two players are old B how old are the two playersC the two players are how old D how old the two players are（4） What did the scientist say? He said he wondered if _ into spa

44、ce by spaceship one dayA he had to flyB he could flyC can he flyD could he fly（5）Excuse me， sir Could you tell me _?A Where the bank nearestB where is the nearest bankC where the nearest bank is D the nearest bank is where（6）She asked Tom _ with his car?A what the matter was B what the matter isC wh

45、at was the matter D what is the matter类型三：时态（1） Its 7：30 I cant believe you_ cooking dinner yet， SallyA havent started B didnt C dont start D hadnt started（2）The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 _ Christmas Day A isB was C has beenD will be（3） The teacher said that the earth _round the sun

46、A goesB go C went D will go（4） We d like to tell you that you _the examA have passed B had passed C passD will pass（5） “Could you tell me_?” “ Yes They _ to the library”A where are the twins， have beenB where were the twins， have beenC where the twins are， have goneD， where the twins were， have gone

47、（6） Our father said that he _ a new computer next weekA will buy B have boughtC would buy D buys（7）I hear that he _ to Beijing yesterdayA goesB will goC wentD have gone类型四：其他反意疑问句，it做形式宾语（1）I dont think he is right，_?Aisnt he Bis he Cdo IDdont I（2） He believes she is right， _?Adoesnt he Bdoes he Cis

48、 sheDisnt she（3）I thought that he disliked playing football，_?Adidnt he Bdid he Cdid IDdidnt I（4） I find _ important that we practice English every dayA it B this C thatD what（5） You cant imagine _when they received the nice giftA how they were excited B how excited they wereC how excited were theyD

49、 they were how excited五 状语从句1.种类时间状语从句：在一个句子中作时间状语的句子。引导词：when(当时候) while(当时候) as(当时候) after(在以后) before(在以前) as soon as(一就) since(自从到现在) till /until(直到才) by the time(到为止) 例如：When Jack got home, his mother was cooking.Jack回到家的时候，他妈妈正在煮菜。原因状语从句：在一个句子中作原因的句子, 译作“因为”。引导词：because, since, as, 也可由for引导。例如

50、：I didnt go to school yesterday because I was ill. 我昨天没有上学是因为我病了。条件状语从句：连接词：if（如果）, unless (=if not) （除非）（时态：主将从现原则）例如：If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.如果明天不下雨，我们会去爬山。目的、结果状语从句：目的状语从句是指在一个句子中充当目的状语的句子，译作“以此来.”。结果状语从句是指在一个句子中充当结果状语的句子，译作“所以.或者如此以致于”。引导词：so that（为了）, sothat（如此以致） , in ord

51、er that（为了）。例如：He came early so that he could get a good seat.他提前到是因为他想找个好位置。让步状语从句：指在句子中作让步的状语的句子引导词： though, although, even though, even if 译作“尽管”举例：Although he is rich, he is not happy.尽管他很有钱，他一点都不开心。2.时态时间状语从句、条件状语从句与主句的时态：主将从现（主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时）例如：If it doesnt rain tomorrow ,we will go to climb t

52、he hill. 如果明天不下雨，我们会去爬山。since引导的时间状语从句。 It is + 时间+ since + 一般过去时 It is ten years since we left that city. 我们离开那个城市四年了。3. 语序陈述句语序一 选择题1、It was a nice meal, _a little expensive.A. though B. whether C. as D. since2、_ volleyball is her main focus, shes also great at basketball.A. Since B. Once C. Unles

53、s D. While3、If a lot of people say a film is not good, I wont bother to see it, or Ill wait _ it comes out on DVD.A. whether B. after C. though D. until4、The police officers in our city work hard _ the rest of us can live a safe life.A. in case B. as if C. in order that D. only if5、Please call my se

54、cretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or _ it is convenient to you.A. whenever B. however C. whichever D. wherever6、One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away _my daughter heard cries for help.A. after B. while C. since D. when7、It was April 29, 2001 _ Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.A.that B.when C.since D.before8、Frank