LEARNING英语学习中意群的构建

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1、STRUCTURE OF GROUP MEANING IN STRUCTURE OF GROUP MEANING IN ENGLISH LEARNINGENGLISH LEARNING( (英语学习中意群的构建英语学习中意群的构建) ) （一）意群的构建在单项选择题中一）意群的构建在单项选择题中制作：张利青意群指的是在英语交际中表达一个词组意群指的是在英语交际中表达一个词组 、一、一个句子或一个段落的完整的意义。意群对于个句子或一个段落的完整的意义。意群对于学生在学习语言的过程中理解句子和段落大学生在学习语言的过程中理解句子和段落大意以及文章中心思想都有很重要的作用。在意以及文章中心思想都有很

2、重要的作用。在意群构建学习中，如下几点是关键：意群构建学习中，如下几点是关键：a.构建意群的整体性构建意群的整体性(completion)各个意群是一个有机的整体，在意义上不能各个意群是一个有机的整体，在意义上不能把它们分割开来。如：把它们分割开来。如：Jenny is pleasant to _ .A. say B. speak C. talk D. talk to答案答案D，强调了整体性，因为意群强调了整体性，因为意群 talk to sb. 与前面的与前面的Jenny 有关。又如有关。又如D- Whom would you rather _with you, Mary or June?-

3、 _.A.go,Neither B. have go, Either C.have gone, Either D. have to go , Both答案答案B，强调了意群是强调了意群是have sb. do sth. ,与与前面的前面的whom 有构成整体的关系有构成整体的关系。 B b.重视意群的分裂性重视意群的分裂性(separation)。即把一个意群的整体分裂开来。如：即把一个意群的整体分裂开来。如： John plays the piano _ , if not better than, David. A.as well B. as well as C. so well D.so

4、well as答案答案B，说明意群的整体是，说明意群的整体是，John plays the piano as well as David,只是只是中间插了一个状语中间插了一个状语not better than (=if he doesnt play it better than David.)把意群的整体分裂开来。把意群的整体分裂开来。B又如：又如：The fellow in rags, _ nobody seemed to say anything ,tried to explain that he was not a beggar. A. to whom B. about whom B.C

5、. who D. whom 答案答案A，说明说明The fellow in rags tried to explain ，是意群的整体是意群的整体,只是只是中间夹了一个非限制性定语从句。中间夹了一个非限制性定语从句。如果不注意意群的构建的话，就会如果不注意意群的构建的话，就会很容易误选很容易误选B答案。答案。AC.关注关注意群的位移意群的位移(displacement)这种现象经常出现在倒装句这种现象经常出现在倒装句 . 感叹句和疑感叹句和疑问句中，如：问句中，如： Not until all the fish in the river died _ how serious the pollu

6、tion was. A. did the people realize B. the people realized C. the villagers did realized D. didnt the villagers realizedA答案答案A。这是个否定词位移的倒装句，这是个否定词位移的倒装句，原本的意群是原本的意群是 not until , 即即People didnt realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish in the river died .又如：又如：How happy the children ar

7、e _ each other again.A. see B. to see C. saw D. seen答案答案B，表明原本的意群是表明原本的意群是BThe children are happy to see each other. 只是在感叹句中把只是在感叹句中把happy 作作为被强调部分调到前面去了。为被强调部分调到前面去了。d.把握意群的省略把握意群的省略(omission)。即把意群中的某个部分省去，意即把意群中的某个部分省去，意义还是完整的如：义还是完整的如：I didnt noticed it until _ .A. it is too B. being too late C.

8、too late D. be too late答案答案C，表明完整的意群是表明完整的意群是Cuntil it was too late. 又如：又如：You can have another two days leave, if / when necessary. 很明显很明显 if /when necessary 的完整意的完整意群是群是 if / when it is necessary.e.留意标点符号留意标点符号(punctuation marks)如逗号，分号分号；等等:1.John went up to the boy , patting him on the shoulder ,

9、 and _ him away.BA. taking B. took C. to take D. take2.Last Sunday,I met Marry, _ was my friend.3.Last Sunday, I met Marry ; _ was my friend .4.Last Sunday, I met Marry , and _ was my friend.A. who B.she C.her D. whomABBExercises1.Those plastic flowers look so _that many people think they are real.A

10、.similar B.nice C.natural D.beautiful2. -Tom,you are so lazy.This job ought to have been finished hours ago.-Sorry,I know it _.A. Should have done B.must have been C.ought to be D. should have beencD3. When the country calls you for help, you _.A.cant go B.should not but go C.cant help but go D. can

11、t but go4.-Is the house at the end of the street still for sale? -No, it _.A. was sold B.has sold C.had sold D.has been sold DD5. Mary tried hard to find a job but she had no _.A.trouble B. luck C. time D. chance6.- Do you enjoy these two novels? - I should if _ of them were written lively.A. either

12、 B. each C. every D. allAB7. They _ 100,000 dollars for the old house.And now they ve bought a new one. 8. The old houses were too expensive. I only _ him 10,000 for each.A.spent B.sold C.took D.paid B.9.He _ the bus (train , plane) until it disappeared in the distance.C.A.saw B.watched C. noticed D.observedCDB更多资源http:/