复习十一句子种类和成分

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1、 复习十一复习十一 句子种类和成分句子种类和成分(P94 P102) 句子的种类句子的种类：(P95) 一、陈述句一、陈述句 (P95，考点，考点1) 句子按句子按使用目的使用目的可分为可分为陈述句陈述句、疑问句疑问句、祈使祈使句句、感叹句感叹句和和倒装句倒装句五种。五种。1. 肯定句I like English. He likes Chinese.I am short. He is tall. They are tall, too.2. 否定句借助借助否定词否定词not, no, never, no one, nobody, none等，以及等，以及半否定词半否定词hardly, few,

2、little等构等构成否定句。成否定句。You must go home. I can stay here. We cant leave without water. 注意：注意： Im too hungry. I can hardly walk.(1)肯定句变为否定句时，and要改为or。 She likes apples and pears.She doesnt like apples or pears. Not everything he said is right.（部分否定）(2)含有all, both, each, every等的肯定句加not变否定句后，表示部分否定；若表示全部否

3、定则用none, neither, no one, nobody等。None of us likes / like him. （全部否定） (3)含有already, too的肯定句变为否定句时，already, too要分别变为yet, either。 He has already finished his homework. He hasnt finished his homework yet.She likes oranges, too.She doesnt like oranges, either.1.一般疑问句一般疑问句(P95-P96)二、疑问句二、疑问句(P95-P96，考点，考

4、点2)Are you a student?Yes, I am. / No, I am not.Must I go home?Yes, you must./ No, you neednt. / No, you dont have to.Dose he like eggs?Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. 2. 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句(P96) 用疑问词提问的句子，不用yes或no 回答，而是根据具体情况进行回答。What do you do? Im a student.Whose book is this? Its my sisters.3. 选择疑问句选择疑问句(P9

5、6)提出两种或两种以上情况，要求对方选择一种情况回答。不能用yes或no作答，要选择其中之一作答。(1)一般疑问句+被选择部分+or+另一被选择部分？ Do you like Chinese or math?I like Chinese.Is he a teacher or a student?A student. (2)特殊疑问句特殊疑问句, 被选择部分+or+另一被选择部分？ Who is taller, the boy or the girl?The boy.4. 反意疑问句反意疑问句(P96-P97，考点，考点3) 陈述句，陈述句，+ 简略问句？简略问句？(1)肯定，+ 否定？ You

6、 are right, arent you?He doesnt like it, does he?简略问句部分的主语与陈述部分的主语保持一致，且只能用相应的人称代词(there be句型除外)。简略问句的谓语动词也要与陈述句的谓语动词保持一致；如果是否定，一定要用缩写。(2)否定，+ 肯定？ There is some water in the glass, isnt there?注意：注意：(P96-P97，考点，考点3)1.前面用Im，后面用arent I; Im tall, arent I?2.前面有little, few, no, never, nothing, nobody, har

7、dly等表示否定意义的词时，后面要用肯定形式；She has little money, does she? 3. 前面的主语是nothing, something, anything时，后面的主语用代词it；前面的主语是everyone, no one, someone, everybody, nobody, anybody时， 后面的主语常用they,有时也用he；Everything is ready, isnt it? Everyone is here, arent they? 4.前面的主语是this或that时，后面的主语用it；前面的主语是these或those时，后面的主语用t

8、hey； This is a book, isnt it?Those arent pens, are they？5.在在宾语从句宾语从句中，后面一般根据中，后面一般根据主句的主语主句的主语来变来变化，但当化，但当主句的主语是主句的主语是I(we) (dont/didnt) think(believe, suppose)时，后面就根据时，后面就根据从句从句的主语的主语来变化，来变化， He says that I did it, doesnt he? I think he is wrong, isnt he?I dont believe its true, is it? 6.前面的情态动词mus

9、t表示猜测，“一定是，必定”时，后面根据must后的动词来变化，不能用mustnt；当must表示“一定要，必须”时，后面要用neednt；当前面是mustnt（不准）时，后面用must。 He must be a doctor, isnt he?（表猜测，一定是） You must do it, neednt you?（必须） We mustnt play with fire, must we?（不准）7.祈使句的反意疑问句Lets, shall we?前面是肯定的，后面用will you或wont you;前面是否定的，后面用will you; 三、祈使句三、祈使句 (P98，考点，考点4

10、) No photos! Listen to me carefully.Please be careful.肯定式的肯定式的:以动词原形开头以动词原形开头Come in, please.否定式的否定式的:1. Dont + 动词原形.Dont be lazy.2. Never +动词原形.Never give up.3. No +名词 / 动名词No smoking! Please be quiet, will you / wont you? Dont talk, will you? Lets study hard, shall we?8. 感叹句的反意疑问句一律用否定形式； 9. 对反意疑问

11、句作答时，需要根据实际作答，实际是肯定的，用“Yes, + 肯定结构”；实际是否定的，用“No, + 否定句结构”。You dont know him, do you?What bad weather, isnt it？How fast he runs, doesnt he?Yes, I do.（认识）He is a doctor, isnt he?No, he isnt.（不是医生） 四、感叹句四、感叹句 (P98，考点，考点5) 1. How +形容词形容词 / 副词副词 （+主语主语+谓语）谓语）！How beautiful the flowers are!以以how引导的感叹句：引导的

12、感叹句： How well he writes!2. How + 主语主语 + 谓语（谓语（+宾语）宾语）！How I love you!How time flies!以以what引导的感叹句：引导的感叹句：1. What + a / an+形容词形容词+可数名词单数可数名词单数（+主语主语+谓语）！谓语）！ What a good boy he is!What an old bike it is! 2. What + 形容词形容词+不可数名词不可数名词（+主语主语+谓语）谓语）！ What exciting news it is!3. What +形容词形容词+可数名词复数可数名词复数（+主

13、语主语+谓语）！谓语）！What bad weather! What good students you are!4. What + (a / an) + 名词（省略主语和谓语）！What a pity!What a shame!五、倒装句五、倒装句 1. 以Here / There开头的倒装句Here comes the bus!There goes the bell! Here he comes!2.前者和后者的情况一样且表示肯定时，用倒装：注意：注意：主语是人称代词时，即使Here / There放在句首也不能用倒装。 So + 助动词助动词/be/情态动词情态动词 + 主语主语。也一样

14、也一样He studies hard.So does she.They are strong. So am I.She can dance.So can I. Neither / Nor +助动词助动词/be/情态动词情态动词 + 主语主语。 3.前者和后者的情况一样且表示否定时，用倒装： 也不也不He doesnt like math.Neither / Nor do I.She wasnt doing her homework this time last night. Neither / Nor was he.I couldnt ride a bike when I was 6.Neither / Nor could she. 核对核对P94的练习答案。的练习答案。 核对核对P99 P102的练习答案。的练习答案。 课后完成课后完成P103, P106 P108的练习题的练习题Goodbye!