it作形式主语和形式宾语练习

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1、浅谈it作形式主语和形式宾语用法一、 It 用作形式主语当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。e.g. It is wrong to tell a lie. (说谎是错误的。) It为to tell a lie的形式主语It is no use arguing about it. (争吵是没用的。) It为arguing about it的形式主语It is uncertain who will come. (谁要来还不确定。) It为who

2、 will come的形式主语It 作形式主语的常见句型： It + be + 形容词 + to do sth. / doing / that .e.g. It is very important to learn a foreign language. It is useless crying over the spilt milk. (覆水难收。)It was really surprising that she married a man like that. It + be +名词词组 + doing / that .e.g. It is no good telling lies. (

3、撒谎没好处。)It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film yesterday. It + be + 过去分词 + that .该句型常见动词有：say, hope, think, suppose, expect, report, know, believe, decide, etc.e.g. It is said that they have invented a new type of computer. It is believed that China will become one of the strongest countries

4、in the world.It was reported that more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami. It + seems / appears / happens等不及物动词 + that .e.g. It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much. It appears that Tom might change his mind. 若句子是疑问形式，就只能用it作形式主语。e.g. Does it matter much that they wont come tomorr

5、ow? Is it true that he will go abroad next week? It + takes + (sb.) + some time + to do sth.这是一个表示“（某人）花多少时间干某事”的句型，其中it是形式主语，代替后面的不定式（to do sth.），句型中的sb.也可以省略。e.g. It took me some time to read the reading materials.It took him fourteen hours to go to New Zealand from Shanghai by plane.How long does

6、 it take you to go to Beijing from Qingdao by train? I am not sure, but I think it takes at least nine hours to get there.二、It 用作形式宾语当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，避免句式结构的混乱，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。此时it仍只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。下列四种情况须用it 作形式宾语： 当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时（如think, make, find,

7、consider, feel, suppose等）；e.g. They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese.I dont feel it difficult to understand the Special English. He makes it a rule never to borrow money. I think it no need talking about it with them. 某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如like, enjoy, love, hate等，往往不能直接接宾语从句；e.g. I do

8、nt like it that hes so lazy. I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs. that引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语；e.g. You may depend on it that we shall always help you.Would you see to it that she gets home early? He insisted on it that he was innocent. （他坚持说自己是无辜的。） 由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中，宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时，须借用it。e.g. I lea

9、ve it to your own judgement whether you should do it.We owe it to you that there wasnt a serious accident.试比较下列高考题，选出最佳答案：1. Is _ necessary to complete the design before National Day? (MET89) A. this B. that C. it D. he2. I dont think _ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.

10、 (MET90)A. this B. that C. its D. it3. Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time? (MET91)A. this B. that C. he D. it4. Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _ didnt help. (MET93)A. he B. which C. she D. it5. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international

11、language. (MET95)A. There B. This C. That D. It6. I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full. (MET98)A. it B. that C. these D. them7. Dont _ that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be the most successful. (上海98)A. take as granted B. take this for grantedC.

12、take that for granted D. take it for granted8. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (MET2004)A. this B. that C. it D. one模拟练习：( ) 1. _ happened _ he is unfit for the office. A. This; that B. That; that C. It; that D. He; that( ) 2. We took _ for granted that they would accept

13、 our advice. A. that B. this C. it D. them( ) 3. _ that the scientist will give us a talk next month? A. Is true B. Is it true C. Its true D. Its truly( ) 4. _ doesnt matter much _ dress you are going to wear. A. This; that B. That; who C. It; which D. It; who( ) 5. _ is going to America for further

14、 study. A. He is said that B. People said that he C. It was said he D. It is said that he( ) 6. They are good friends. _ is no wonder that they know each other so well. A. This B. That C. There D. It( ) 7. Is _ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship? A. this B. there C. that D. it( ) 8. She like

15、d _ when he kissed her. A. him B. that C. one D. it( ) 9. _ will do you good to do some exercise every morning. A. It B. There C. Those D. One( )10. We think _ our duty to pay taxes to our government. A. that B. this C. its D. itIT的用法练习1. It took us over an hour _ along the street. A. walkB. to walk

16、 C. walking D. walked2. I think it a great honour _ to visit your country. A. to invite B. invitingC. having invited D. to be invited 3. Many people now make _ a rule to buy cards for their friends before Christmas. A. themselves B. it C. thatD. this 4. _ is very clear to everyone that he is round a

17、nd tall like a tree. A. This B. What C. That D. It 5. In the United States，bus travel doesnt cost much as train travel，_? A. dont they B. does it C. do they D. doesnt it 6. Someone is at the door, who is _? A. this B. that C. itD. he 7. _ raining hard for three hours without stopping. A. It is B. It

18、 was C. It has beenD. It had been 8. Has the boy got his bicycle now? Yes，the police gave _. A. him to him B. it to it C. it to him D. him to it 9. It is important _ their offer. A. reject B. rejects C. to reject D. rejecting 10. Has _ been decided when we are to hold the sports-meeting? A. that B.

19、this C. it D. what 11. - Did Li Lei call me while I was out? - Yes，it was _ that called you. A. him B. he C. who D. whom 12. Nothing is wrong with the radio，_?A. isnt itB. is that C. is it D. isnt that 13. I dont think _ difficult for a Chinese student to master a foreign language within five years.

20、 A. that B. it C. too D. very 14. Its the second time you _ late this week. A. arrive B. arrivedC. have arrived D. had arrived 15. It will not be _ we meet again. A. long before B. before long C. soon after D. shortly after 16. Its demanded that we _ there on foot A. not to go B. dont goC. not go D.

21、 wont go 17. “It” is often used to _ a baby. A. mean to B. stick to C. point to D. refer to 18. It was not until 1936 _ basketball became a regular part of the Olympic Games. A. that B. when C. which D. then 19. _ you met the Englishman? A. Where it was that B. Who it was that C. Where was it thatD.

22、 Where was that 20. _ that she has gone to the United States? A. Was it true B. Is it true C. It is true D. It was true 21. _ certain that his invention will lead to the development of production. A. Thats B. This is C. Its D. Whats 22. _ in 1914 _ the First World War broke out? A. Was that；that B.

23、Was that；when C. Was it；that D. Was it；when 23. It is important that she _ with Mr. Williams immediately. A. speak B. spoke C. will speak D. to speak 24. _ that theres another good harvest this year.A. It says B. It is saidC. It was said D. He was said 25. Its no use _ over spilt milk. A. cry B. cryingC. that you cryD. for you to cry 5