英语数词及练习

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上英语数词及练习一、概述表示数目与顺序的词，叫做数词（numeral）。数词有两种：基数词和序数词。数词与不定代词相似，其用法相当于形容词或名词。可以在句中充当句子成分，如可用作主语、定语、宾语、介词宾语、表语、同位语或状语等。One added to six is seven.六加一等于七。（基数词作主语）It is not rare in the 90s that people in their fifties are going to university for further education. 在90年代50多岁的人上大学深造并不稀奇。(基数词作介词宾语)

2、The hundredth cave that George has discovered in his lifetime is near the Alps.乔治一生中发现的第100个洞在阿尔卑斯山附近.（作定语）China is one sixth larger than the United States. 中国比美国大六分之一倍。（作状语）6 divided by 2 is 3.六除以二等于三。（作表语）二、基数词表示数目的词是基数词（cardinal numeral），如one(一)，two（二），thirty（三十）等。1、最基本的基数词1.one2.two3.three4.four

3、5.five6six7.seven8.eight9.nine10.ten11.eleven12.twelve13.thirteen14.fourteen15.fifteen16.sixteen17.seventeen18.eighteen19nineteen20.twenty30.thirty40.forty50.fifty60.sixty70.seventy80.eighty90.ninety100a hundred1,000a thousand1,000,000a million1,000,000,000a billion(美)a thousand million(英)2、其它基数词（1）

4、21-99先“几十”再”几”，中间加连字符。21 twenty-one 25 twenty-five 99 ninety-nine巧记100内的基数词：十二以内词各异，十三数到十九去，后加-teen莫忘记；二十、三十至九十，整十之后有-ty；要说“几十几”，中间“-”号别丢弃，hundred是“一百”，请你记住莫大意。（2）100及100以上的基数词100及100以上的基数词，以末位向前推（每三位一节），依次须用到hundred, thousand, million, billion等。（3）基数词的读法三位数的读法:第一个数字+hundred+ and+后面的一位或两位数字101 one h

5、undred and one 450 four hundred(and)fifty 999 nine hundred and ninety-nine 1，000以上的数的读法:先从后向前数，每三位数加一个逗号，第一个逗号前的数字用thousand(千)，第二个逗号前的数字用million(百万)，用 “几十thousand”表示 “几万”，以 “几百thousand”表示 “几十万”，用 “几十million”表示 “几千万”，用”几百million”表示 “几亿”。百位与十位（或个位）之间用and（偶尔可不用）5，643 five thousand six hundred and forty

6、-three865，432 eight hundred sixty-five thousand four hundred and thirty-two 6，000，000 six million60，000，005 sixty million and five8，000，000，000 eight billion(=eight thousand million) 13，789，653thirteen million seven hundred and eighty-nine thousand six hundred and fifty-three。巧记读数：从右向左三逗开，一逗千，二逗百万，三

7、逗就是十万万；左右三位分开读，保你又快又喜欢。注：逗指逗号。3、基数词的用法（1）基数词的功能基数词在句子中可以做主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语等，其句法功能基本上相当于名词或形容词。One and two is three.一加二等于三。（做主语，表语）Fifty divided by five is ten.五十除以五等于十。（做主语，表语）I wanted three, but he gave me two.我想要三个，他却给我两个。（作宾语）It brings us in two million dollars a year.这给我们带来每年两百万美元的收入。（作定语）Is there

8、 room for us three? 有我们三人的位置吗？（作同位语）The town has a population of one hundred thousand.这个城镇拥有十万人口。（介词宾语）注意：hundred, thousand, million等基数词作定语时，不用复数形式，但表示数量之多，可以用它们的复数形式加of短语。hundreds of(或hundreds and hundreds of)好几百，成百上千的，thousands of成千上万的，thousands upon thousands of数以千计的，tens of thousands of千千万万的，mil

9、lions of几百万的。Tens of thousands of deer are kept in the nature park.在那座公园里养着数以万计的鹿。（2）事物编号一般用基数词第209房间 Room 209 第三部分 section 3/part 3南京路308号 308 Nanjing Road 电话号码 TEL 注意：也有用序数词表示的，如Lesson Eleven,亦作the Eleventh Lesson等。（3）某些数学算式表示法3+2=5Three/and/plus/added two is/equals five10-5=5Ten minus/less five i

10、s five。Five from ten leaves five.23=6Two times /by three is / makes six.62=3Six divided by two equals/gives three.ABABABAB A is more than B.A is less than B.A approximately equals to B.A is not equal to B.（4）hundred，thousand，million的用法当前面有数词以及many，several等词修饰时，这三个词用单数形式，后面直接跟复数名词。Two hundred old peo

11、ple died of cold last winter. 去年冬天200名老人被冻死。several thousand enemies 几千敌人当这几个词前面没有数词而后面有of时，则一定要用复数形式，表示数百、 数千等笼统的数目概念。hundreds of dollars 数百美元millions of ants 数百万蚂蚁（5）score(二十)，dozen (打；十二个)的用法dozen当dozen与基数词或many, several等连用时，不加“-s”，所修饰的名词前常省去of。但是，在a dozen of these people, two dozen of them等短语中应加

12、of。这是因为习惯上在these, those, us等词前，应该用dozen of的缘故。two dozen books 两打书 two (many, several)dozen pencils 两打（几打）铅笔Shortly after the accident, two dozen police were sent to the post to keep order. 事故后不久，二十四名警察被派往邮局维持秩序。Mr. Smith asked me to buy several dozen eggs for the dinner party.史密斯先生让我买几打鸡蛋吃。scorescor

13、e意为“二十”。two score of people中应加of，但three score and ten people，“70人”中不加of。scores of people意为“许多人”。上述这两个词的复数形式与of连用时，表示不确切的数量，意为“许多，大量的 ”。for dozens of years 好几十年以来 scores of years ago 许多年前scores of times 许多次巧用hundred等：hundred，thousand和million，有时含糊有时清。清时无s和of，糊时s和of跟。三、序数词表示顺序的词是序数词（ordinal numeral），如f

14、irst(第一)，second(第二)，thirtieth(第三十)等。序数词前一般要加定冠词。1、最基本的序数词序数词缩写汉译序数词缩写汉译firstsecondthirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthlst2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th第一第二第三第四第五第六第七第八第九tentheleventhtwelfththirteenthnineteenthtwentiethtwenty-firstthirty-fourthninety-third10th11th12th13th19th20th21st34th93rd第十第十一第十二第十三第

15、十九第二十第二十一第三十四第九十三（1）序数词1-19除第一（first），第二（second）,第三（third）有特殊形式外，其余均由-th结尾即基数词+th构成，其中有几个序数词加-th时拼法不规则，分别是fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth，需多加注意。（2）十位整数的序数词十位整数的序数词的构成方法是将相应的基数的词尾-ty中的y变为i，然后再加-eth,如forty-fortieth.（3）第“几十几”基数词“几十几”变成序数词时，仅将个位变成序数词。twenty-two twenty-secondeighty-three eighty-thirdninety

16、-ninth ninety-ninth（4）序数词的缩写形式序数词的缩写形式由阿拉伯数字加上序数词的最后两个字母构成。first1st second2nd third3rd forth4th twenty-first21st ninety-fifth95th 巧记基数词变序数词：基变序，很容易，结尾加上“th”。一二三特殊记，结尾各是t、d、d。八减t，九去e，f来把ve替，y改为“ie”，结尾仍有“th”。若是遇到几十几，只变个位就可以。2、序数词的用法（1）序数词的功能序数词在句子中可用做主语、宾语、定语、表语等，主要用作定语，其前面常用定冠词the。The first is the mo

17、st important of the three.第一个是三个中最重要的。（做主语）Dr. Wang was among the first to arrive.王博士是首批到达的。（作宾语）The first Olympic Games in modern times was help in 1896.首届现代奥林匹克运动会于1896年举行。（作定语）You will be the third to speak.你将是第三个发言。（作表语）（2）序数词前不用定冠词的情况表示顺序的语气很弱，具有“又一”、“再一”的意思时，其前要用不定冠词，不用定冠词。Ill have to do it a

18、second time.我只得再做一次。A third bullet passed.又一颗子弹飞过。序数词前有指示代词、物主代词、名词所有格或every时，不用定冠词。He made his first set in an old box.他在一个箱子里做了他的第一个设备。Berlin in 1929 held a public celebration on Einsteins fiftieth birthday.柏林在一九二九年爱因斯坦第五十岁生日时举办了一个公开庆祝会。在表示分数的序数词前不用定冠词。From then on he toured three-fourths of Beiji

19、ng.从那以后他逛了四分之三的北京城。Two-thirds of the area is covered by trees.三分之二的地区为森林所覆盖。数词与名词构成复合名词时，不用定冠词。There is a first-class hotel over there.那边有一个一流的宾馆。He went to a second-hand bookshop.他去了旧书书店。序数词用作副词时，不用定冠词。Why did the captain first hesitate in letting the boy risk climbing the tree?为什么上尉一开始犹豫让那个男孩冒险爬树？

20、We first met in London.我们第一次是在伦敦相见。在一些由序数词构成的固定词组里不用定冠词。at first 开始 first of al1首先 from first to last自始至终3、数词的复数形式基数词和序数词一般都以单数形式出现，但在下面几种情况下却要用复数：（1）表示几十岁时“二十多岁”说twenties，表示的是20岁到29岁。依次类推，thirties表示“三十几岁”，forties表示“四十几岁”，但“十几岁”不可说tens，而要说teens，指13岁至19岁。The hero of the story is an artist in his thir

21、ties.故事的主人翁是一位三十多岁的艺术家。He looked quite healthy though he was in his seventies.虽然他七十多岁了她看上去很健康。（2）表示几十年代时“二十世纪八十年代”写成1980s或1980s，均读作nineteen eighties，指的是1980至1989年这十年间，需注意的是，年代用文字表示时则不可用-s形式。Great changes took place in the l970s.在二十世纪七十年代发生了很大的变化。History has entered the eighties.历史进入到八十年代。（3）表示不确定数目时

22、这时要在million，thousand，hundred等词后加上-s并与of连用，表示大约多至“数以计”，但millions of等前不能再加基数词，却可加some，several等表示不确定数目的修饰语。Millions of other stars are even bigger and brighter than the sun.数以百万计的星球甚至比太阳还大还亮。Some hundreds of new buildings have been put up here this year.今年这里建了几百栋新楼。（4）在分数中当基数词(表示分子)大于one时，序数词(表示分母)要用复数

23、，两者之间用不用连字符号均可。Two thirds of the teachers in our school are women.我们学校三分之二的老师是女的。She has spent four-fifths of her money.她把自己的花了五分之四。（5）当基数词用作可数名词或用于某些固定词组中时，也要用复数。How many sevens are there in forty-nine?49是由几个七组成？They arrived by twos and threes.他们三三两两的来了。Wait a minute. Ill be finished in two twos.请等

24、一下，我马上就来。四、分数词、小数、和百分数1、分数（1）分数的构成法分子用基数词，分母用序数词；分子大于”1”时，分母加”s”（即序数词应变为复数）。 1/3 one-third 1/4 one-fourth 2/5 two-fifths5/12 five-twelfths two and five-twelfths另外还有下列构成法：1/2 a (one)half 1/4 a quarter 3/4 three quarters one and a half巧记分数：分子基数词，分母序数词，分子大于“1”，分母加“-s”。带分数莫着急，前加整数就可以。分母若是“2”和“4”，half、qu

25、arter可代替。（2）分数的功能分数在句子中可用做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。A quarter of the students are girls.四分之一的学生是女生。（做主语）The sea covers two-thirds of the surface of the earth.海洋覆盖了地球表面的三分之二。（作宾语）China is one-sixth larger than the United States.中国比美国大六分之一。（作状语）The crop that year was only one half of the usual amount.那年的收成只是平常年

26、景的一半。（作表语） （3）作主语是谓语动词的数表示几分之几 (或百分之几)的人或物时，须在分数 (或百分数)和人或物间加of。若充当主语，谓语动词的数须与of后的名词的数保持一致。One third of the students are girls.1/3的学生是女生。Sixty percent of her income was spent on clothes.她收入的60%花在了服装上。但当表示人口的几分之几 (或百分之几)作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。The population in China is very large, and eighty percent of it a

27、re farmers.中国的人口众多，其中80%是农民。2、小数（1）小数的表示和读法小数用基数词表示，注意其读法小数点读作point,零读作zero或naught。小数点后的数字按个位基数词依次读出。0.1 (zero)point one 2.05 two point zero3.145 three point one four five 14.32 fourteen point three two（2）小数的功能小数在句子中一般作定语The rope is 1.8 metres long.绳子长1.8米。0.8 metre 0.8米 2.5 tons 2.5吨3.百分数（1）百分数的表示百

28、分数由基数词加percent表示。5% five percent 25% 25percent0.15% zero point one five percent(2)百分数的功能在句子中可做主语、宾格、表语、定、状语等。作状语时，常与by连用。More than 70 percent of the surface of the earth is covered by water.百分之七十多的地球表面被水覆盖着。The output of cars has increased 20 percent.汽车的产量已增长了20%。The price was reduced by 15.5percent

29、.价格降低了15.5%。五、基数词、序数词的其他应用。1、年、月、日表达法（1）年代表达法年代用基数词表示，时间前用介词in。221BC two hundred and twenty-one BC/two twenty-one BC.in 1901 in nineteen and one/nineteen hundred and one/nineteen o onein 1979 in nineteen seventy-nine /nineteen hundred and seventy-nine in 1600 in sixteen hundred.注意：年代后不用year，但可放在数词前i

30、n the year 1979一九七九年 the twenties,20s二十年代in ones twenties某人二十多岁（2）月份表达法月份前用in，月份名称第一个字母须大写。in January(in Jan.) in May.in September (in Sept.) in December(in Dec.)（3）日期表达法用序数词表示，前面加the，在某日前用介词on。on the first 在一日 on the thirtieth在三十日（4）某年某月某日表达法in October,1949 一九四九年七月 on October 1,1949一九四九年七月一日May 1(s

31、t)(May the first)五月一日 Mar.5(th)(March the fifth)三月五日2、时刻表达法时刻用基数词表示。时间巧说：数字说法时后分，quarter,half不可用。如果出现past,to，分钟在前记心中。past过，差几分to，分钟小于三十分。 （1）表示“几点钟”用“整点数+oclock(可省略)”。8：00 eight(oclock) 12：00 twelve(oclock)（2）表示“几点过几分” 在半小时之内表示“几点过几分”，而分钟数又在半小时之内（包括半小时）可用”分钟数+past/after(美)+钟点数”。8：15 a quarter past/a

32、fter eight8：20 twenty past eight8：30 half past eight（3）表示”差几分几点”，而且不超过半小时表示“差几分几点”，而且不超过半小时，可用”分钟数+to/of(美)+钟点数”。10：45 a quarter to /of eleven11：55 five to /of twelve 注意：表示在某时用介词at，任何时刻均可直接按数字顺序读，8：05 eight five等。We begin classes at eight.我们八点开始上课。3、倍数表达法 （1）倍数+ as.as倍数+as.as（意为“A是B的几倍”，多用于对客观事物的比较。

33、）Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲有欧洲的四倍大。This dictionary is twice as heavy as that one.这本字典有那本字典的两倍重。（2）倍数+比较级形式+than倍数+（形容词/副词）比较级形式+than，意为“增加（多）几倍”。This type of car uses three times more petrol than that type does.这种汽车比那种汽车的耗油多三倍。The house is twice larger than that one.这间房子比那间大两倍。（3）倍数+ t

34、he size of倍数+ the size/length/depth of .意为”是几倍大/长/深”。The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球的大小是月球的四十九倍。Shanghai is ten times the size of our hometown.上海有我们家乡的十倍大。（4）倍数+ that of倍数+ that of .多用于生产、产量等方面的比较。Their grain output is now 3.5 times that of 1980.他们的粮食产量是1980年的3.5倍。4、基数词与序数词连用时基数词与序数词连用

35、时，一般将序数词放在基数词前面；当用基数词构成复合形容词时，其后的名词要用单数形式。The first three parts need to be revised.前三部分需要修订。a six -year -old girl一个六岁女孩a five-hundred-word composition一篇五百字的作文六、加减乘除的表示法1、加法的表达法如表达“几加几是多少”，可用“What/How much is+基数词and/plus+基数词？”；如表达“几加几等于几”，可用“基数词and+基数词is基数词”。What/How much is seven and eight?7加8是多少？Se

36、ven and eight is fifteen. 7加8等于15。2、减法的表达法如表达“几减几是多少”，可用“What/How much is+基数词minus+基数词？”；如表达“几减几等于几”，可用“基数词minus+基数词is基数词”。What/How much is seven minus eight?7减8是多少？Twenty-three minus eight is fifteen.23减8等于15。3、乘法的表达法如表达“几乘几是多少”，可用“What/How much is+基数词times+基数词？”；如表达“几乘几等于几”，可用“基数词times+基数词is基数词”。W

37、hat/How much is seven times eight?7乘8是多少？5 times 8 is 40. 58=404、除法的表达法如表达“几除以几是多少”，可用“What/How much is+基数词divided by+基数词？”；如表达“几除以几等于几”，可用“基数词divided by+基数词is基数词”。20 divided by 4 is 5. 204=5What/How much is 64 divided by eight?64除以8是多少？七、点击考点1.-Have you seen_workers pass by? -Yes，Ive seen_them.A. w

38、oman;hundreds of B. women; hundreds ofC. woman;two hundred of D. women; hundreds2.Having done three experiments without rest，they were_out to go on with_one.A. so tired; a fourth B. so tiring ;the fourthC. too given; the fourth D. too worn; a fourth3.-Whats the date today?-Its _.A. Sunday B. August

39、the ninthC. the first of May D. October fifth4.Hainan is _ island.A. Chinas second largest B. the Chinas second largestC. the second Chinas largest D. Chinas the second largest5.In her _she began to take up writing.A. forties B. fourties C. fortieth D fourtieth6._summer Olympics was held in Barcelon

40、a in SpainA. The Twenty-four B. Twenty-four C. The Twenty-forth D. Twenty-fourth7.The Sao Paulo fire broke out _February 4th，1974.A. in B. on C. at D. for8.-How many new jobs can you give to the people here?-Three _ and _.A. hundred; eighty-six B. hundreds; eighty-sixC. hundred; eighty-sixth D. hund

41、reds; eighty-sixth9.-What time did finish your homework yesterday?-_seven oclock _ the afternoon.A. On；in B. At；on C. At；in C. On；at10.“Please turn to _ and look at the text.”A. Page 29 B. the page 29 C. a page 29 D. 29 page11.He lives in _. A. Room 512 B.512 Room C. the 512 Room D. the Room 51212.-

42、How long is the bridge? -700_. A. meter long B. meters long C. meter longer D. meters longer13.After a long walk we had _ rest.A. a few minutes B. a few minutesC. few minutes D. few minutes14.The meeting has finally begun after _.A. two hours later B. two hours of absenceC. two hours delay D. a dela

43、y of two hours15._of the rivers here have been polluted.A. Two-third B. Two-thirds C. Two-three D. Second-third16.The Second World War broke out in _.A. 1930s B. the 1930es C. The 1930s D.1930s17.There are _ of visitors in the exhibition every week.A. tens of thousands B. about ten of thousandsC. ab

44、out three thousands D. about three thousand18.-What time is it now? -Its _.A. a quarter past half B. four eighteenC. five past forty-two D. forty-two to five19.I got to the station _ than John. A. five minutes later B. five minutes late C. later five minutes D. late five minutes20.Two _ years ago he lived in the United Stares.A. dozen B. dozens C. dozen of D. dozens of答案：1. B 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.A 11.A 12.B 13.B 14.D 15.B 16.C 17.A 18.B 19.A 20.A专心-专注-专业