新核心大学英语读写教程2unit6

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1、Unit 6 SkyscrapersLearning ObjectivesIn this unit, you will:1. learn about the basic aspects of a skyscraper and world- famous super-tall buildings;2. familiarize yourself with the words, expressions, and sentence patterns related to the theme of the unit;3. use these words, expressions, and sentenc

2、e patterns correctly;4. research skyscrapers;5. give an oral presentation to the class about skyscrapers;6. vary sentence openings in your writing.Exploring the Topic Task 1 Brainstorming Task 2 Surfing and Reporting Task 3 Watching and Retelling Task 4 Vocabulary Preview1. Name as many world-famous

3、 tall buildings as possible.2. Make a list of no less than 10 words to describe those skyscrapers.Task 1 BrainstormingUnit 6 Part I Task 11. Work in groups and find information on the Internet about the following terms.Task 2 Surfing and ReportingUnit 6 Part I Task 2A) the Tower of BabelB) the Petro

4、nas Twin TowersC) the Sears TowerD) Taipei 101E) Burj DubaiF) the Empire State BuildingA) the Tower of Babel The story of the tower of Babel is about disobedience and arrogance. The story takes place after the flood that destroyed all but Noah and his family. The world was still united by language a

5、nd probably tradition. “And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech.” ( G enes i s 11 : 1 ) Those who lived in the region of Shinar “ . sa i d one t o ano t he r, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them thoroughly. And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for mortar. And they

6、said, Go to, let us build us a city and a tower, whose top may reach unto heaven; and let us make us a name, lest we be scattered abroad Answers for reference:Unit 6 Part I Task 22. Fill in the spaces below according to your Internet research. Present this information to the class, optionally using

7、PowerPoint.Unit 6 Part I Task 2NameWhenWhereHeightExtrainformationthe Empire State BuildingWorld TradeCenter1931New York, USA381m(443.5m with antenna)Movie King Kong1973-2001New York411.5mFreedom Tower will be built on the siteUnit 6 Part I Task 2NameWhenWhereHeightExtrainformationthe Petronas Twin

8、TowersChrysler BuildingChrysler Building1998KualaLumpur,Malaysia452mthe tallest twin buildings in theworld1930New York305m1973Chicago, Illinois,USA442 / 1,450 ftCurrent Name: Willis TowerUnit 6 Part I Task 2NameWhenWhereHeightExtrainformationTaipei 101Burj Dubai2004Taibei,Taiwan101floors, 508mperfor

9、med by Skidmore, Owings,and Merrill2010Dubai, UnitedArab Emirates828m (2,717 ft)Task 3 Watching and Retelling1. Watch the video clip “Building the Ultimate Skyscraper”. Fill in the blanks with the information you have heard. Use the glossary below as a reference.ultimate /ltmt/最终的，极限的最终的，极限的curious

10、/kjris/奇怪的奇怪的gherkin /kn/（腌制用的）小黄瓜（腌制用的）小黄瓜Swiss Ray Building/sws re bld/瑞士瑞士X光公司大楼光公司大楼cutting edge/kt ed /刀刃，前线，先锋刀刃，前线，先锋Chicago Home Insurance Building/k: hm nurns bld /芝加哥家庭保险公司大楼芝加哥家庭保险公司大楼Unit 6 Part I Task 3dizzyingly /dzli/令人眩晕地，使人眼花缭乱地；令人眩晕地，使人眼花缭乱地；过高地，过快地过高地，过快地Salisbury Cathedral /s:lzb

11、ri ki:drl /索尔兹伯里大教堂（沙利斯柏立索尔兹伯里大教堂（沙利斯柏立大教堂）大教堂）Medieval /mediivl/中世纪的中世纪的priority /prarti/优先考虑的条件优先考虑的条件monocoque structure /mnkk/单壳体结构单壳体结构sideways force横向力横向力load /ld/负荷，重量负荷，重量foundation /fanden/地基地基Unit 6 Part I Task 3Unit 6 Part I Task 3 The skyscraper is a great engineering achievement. “They

12、have to do with gravity; they have to do with wind.” The shining towers of steel concrete and glass attest to their limit. “They have to do with earthquakes; and they have to do with fire.” Can we build the 1) skyscraper? Skyscrapers 2) the sky. Man can build ever higher and higher, testing his inge

13、nuity against the 3) . This is the Swiss Ray Building in London. Its nearly 600 feet high and known as the Gherkin because of its 4) . Its aerodynamic design is 5) of skyscraper thinking. The modern skyscraper was born in Chicago. “In order toultimate_reach for_ forces of nature_ the cutting edge_ c

14、urious shape_Unit 6 Part I Task 3understand the development of the skyscraper, we really need to go to Chicago, where in the 1880s somewhat 6) occurred in the history of skyscraper.”7) . “Chicago was destroyed by fire in 1871, leveled. In fact, 8) . And for a city there was an exploding population a

15、nd very wealthy with a burgeoning commerce, it was important for the city to rebuild as quickly as it could.” So they decided to build tall. 9) ofreconstruction was the Home Insurance Building. It rose 10 storeys high, dizzily tall for the time. 10) . But some think the evolution of skyscrapers stru

16、cture has its beginnings long before.The jewel of the crown_ the most significant developments _ the central part of the city was gone _The evolution came out of disaster_ The era of skyscrapershad begun _Unit 6 Part I Task 3【Script】2. Watch the video again and then discuss the main idea with the gr

17、oup. The skyscraper is a great engineering achievement. “They have to do with gravity; they have to do with wind.” The shining towers of steel concrete and glass attest to their limit. “ They have t o do w it h ea rt hquakes ; and t hey have to do with fire.” Can we bu il d t he u lti m a t e skyscr

18、aper? Skyscrapers reach for the sky. Man can build ever higher and higher, testing his ingenuity against the forces of nature. This is the Swiss Ray Building in London. It s nea rl y 600 f ee t h i gh and known as t he Gherkin because of its curious shape. Its aerodynamic ScriptUnit 6 Part I Task 3T

19、ask 4 Vocabulary PreviewRead the words and phrases below, paying attention to the pronunciation. Use the scale below to give yourself a score for each word. After finishing the study of the unit, score yourself again to check your improvement.Unit 6 Part I Task 41I dont understand this word.2I have

20、seen this word before, but I am not sure of the meaning.3I understand this word when I see it or hear it, but I dont know how to use it.4I know this word and can use it in my own speaking and writing.Unit 6 Part I Task 4Nouns high-rise testament progression elevator column stability width footprint

21、elevation velocity gust simulation occupancy acceleration advancement illumination descent ascent efficiencyGlossary for Main ReadingUnit 6 Part I Task 4Verbs pierce mock humble surge tune computerize damp wage topple rethink combat sway amplify fine-tune model crumble complicate stumble deploy disp

22、atchAdjectives spectacular heavenly striking technological daring intelligent ongoing implacable cumulative respective optimum counter compressive considerable composite replete ancillary fluorescent interior ironic noteworthy even odd cableless fuzzy peak economicalUnit 6 Part I Task 4Phrases wage

23、a battle come in stumbling blockUnit 6 Part I Task 4Adverbs majestically extensively desperately financiallyGlossary for Related ReadingNouns threshold holder spire multibillionaire imagination peer leg crane historian region opposition reaction developer mold flow concrete presence phase downturn i

24、con session produce cartUnit 6 Part I Task 4Verbs accommodate surpass outdo unveil conclude evidence incorporate project enshrine bump nestUnit 6 Part I Task 4Adjectives staggering pressing massive audacious emerging residential focal architecturalPhrases in the midst of in perspective break old mol

25、ds serve as under wrapsUnit 6 Part I Task 4 Main Reading Related Reading Main Reading Text-related Information Text Analysis Language Points Translation of the Texts Tasks The World Trade Center (WTC) was a complex of seven buildings in Lower Manhattan in New York City that were destroyed in the Sep

26、tember 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. The site is currently being rebuilt with six new skyscrapers and a memorial to the casualties of the attacks. The original World Trade Center was designed by Minoru Yamasaki in the early 1960s using a tube-frame structural design for the twin 110-story towers. In g

27、aining approval for the project, the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey agreed to take over the Unit 6 Part II Main Reading1. The World Trade CenterText-related Information The Chrysler Building is an Art Deco skyscraper in New York City, located on the east side of Manhattanin the Turtle Bay

28、 area at the intersection of 42nd Street and Lexington Avenue. Standing at 319metres(1,047 ft), it was the worlds tallest building for 11 months before it was surpassed by the Empire StateBuilding in 1931. After the destruction of the World Trade Center, it was again the second-tallest buildingin Ne

29、w York City until December 2007, when the spire was raised on the 365.8-metre (1,200 ft) Bank ofAmerica Tower, pushing the Chrysler Building into third position. In addition, The New York Times Building, Unit 6 Part II Main Reading2. Chrysler BuildingText Analysis Parts ParagraphsMain IdeasIABThe co

30、nstruction of tall buildings is on the trend and it asks for new concepts and technologies.IICJTo build a super skyscraper, a lot of factors should be taken into account: its ability to stand wind and earthquake, amixed occupancy and elevators, etc. CH: It talks about the influence of wind on tall b

31、uildings and some materials and technologies used to dampen it.I: Mixed use makes the design for a tall Building more complicated.Unit 6 Part II Main ReadingUnit 6 Part II Main ReadingParts ParagraphsMain IdeasIICJTo build a super skyscraper, a lot of factors should be taken into account: its abilit

32、y to stand wind and earthquake, amixed occupancy and elevators, etc.J: Elevators are also an important factor which influences the construction of a high-rise.IIIKTechnology and finance are both important to determine whether a super skyscraper can come into being in reality.Language Points Unit 6 P

33、art II Main Reading1. humble (L2)v. to make people feel that they are not as good or important as they thought they weree.g.lHe was humbled by her generosity.a. showing you do not think that you are as important as other peoplee.g.lBe humble enough to learn from your mistakes. having a low rank or s

34、ocial positione.g.la man of humble originsUnit 6 Part II Main Reading2. wage an ongoing battle with (L11) wage v. to engage in (a war, a battle, etc. ) wage something (against/on somebody/something)e.g.lThe rebels have waged a guerrilla war since 1995.lHe alleged that a press campaign was being wage

35、d against him.Unit 6 Part II Main Reading3. Thus, the footprint of a super skyscraper could easily consume multiple city blocks. (L19)Paraphrase: figurative The base of a super skyscraper could take up several city blocks.【译文译文】这样，仅是一栋超级大楼的地基就要占据好这样，仅是一栋超级大楼的地基就要占据好几个街区。几个街区。Unit 6 Part II Main Read

36、ing4. Gusts of wind can be particularly dangerous when they come spaced in intervals that approach a buildings natural period: the amount of time the structure takes to complete one oscillation when it is swaying back and forth. (L28)【译文译文】如果阵风以接近建筑物自然周期（即建筑物前后如果阵风以接近建筑物自然周期（即建筑物前后摇摆时完成一次震荡周期）的时间间隔经

37、过，那摇摆时完成一次震荡周期）的时间间隔经过，那将是尤其危险的。将是尤其危险的。 1) space v. to organize or arrange with spaces between space out 隔开；昏沉，迷乱隔开；昏沉，迷乱 space out the lampposts 30 meters aparte.g.lI was supposed to meet her, but I spaced out and forgot.2) interval n. a space between two objects, points, or unitse.g.lan interval

38、of ten feetlIt snowed at intervals this week.lHe visits me at regular intervals.Unit 6 Part II Main Reading5. Thanks to wind-tunnel tests and computer simulations, architects and engineers can fine-tune a buildings shape, surface and structural characteristics to achieve optimum designs for withstan

39、ding high winds. (L33)Paraphrase:Modern technologies like wind-tunnel tests and computer simulations help architectsand engineers make small adjustments in a buildings shape, surface and structural characteristics so that they can work out the best design to withstand strong winds.【译文译文】多亏了风洞试验和电脑模拟

40、，建筑师和工程师多亏了风洞试验和电脑模拟，建筑师和工程师们才能对建筑物的外形、表面和结构特点进行们才能对建筑物的外形、表面和结构特点进行微调以便取得对抗强风的最佳设计。微调以便取得对抗强风的最佳设计。Unit 6 Part II Main Reading 1) thanks to because ofe.g.lThanks to your timely help, we accomplished the task on time. 2) fine-tune to make small adjustments for optimal performance or effectivenessUni

41、t 6 Part II Main Reading6. On windy days, the so-called mass damper, located on a floor near the top of the high-rise, moves in opposition to the structures swaying, sliding on oil to help dampen oscillations by as much as 50 percent. (L40)Paraphrase: Mass damper is placed on the top floor of the ta

42、ll building; when there is wind and thebuilding begins to sway, it will move in the opposite direction and reduce oscillations by 50%.【译文译文】起风的时候，靠近大楼顶层安装的所谓大型起风的时候，靠近大楼顶层安装的所谓大型减震器就会以与建筑物摇摆相反的方向移动，减震器就会以与建筑物摇摆相反的方向移动，它们在润滑油上的滑动可以将大楼的摆动减它们在润滑油上的滑动可以将大楼的摆动减少少50%。Unit 6 Part II Main Reading1) damper n

43、. a device that eliminates or progressively diminishes vibrations or oscillations dampen v. to reduce, to restraine.g.lThe bad news dampened our spirits.2) in opposition to somebody/something disagreeing strongly with somebody/something 强烈反对（或抵制）强烈反对（或抵制）e.g.lProtest marches were held in opposition

44、to the proposal law. contrasting two people or things that are very different 对比，对照对比，对照e.g.lLeisure is often defined in opposition to work.Unit 6 Part II Main Reading7. Thousands of these viscoelastic dampers have been inserted between columns and beams; when the building sways, friction between th

45、e plates dampens the motion. (L42)【译文译文】数以千计这样的粘弹性减震器被置于立柱和数以千计这样的粘弹性减震器被置于立柱和横梁之间，当建筑物摇摆时，金属板之间的横梁之间，当建筑物摇摆时，金属板之间的摩擦会让摆动幅度减小。摩擦会让摆动幅度减小。Unit 6 Part II Main Reading8. in counter directions to (L47) in opposite directions to counter a. contrary; opposing adv. acted counter to ones promiserun/go coun

46、ter to ones inclination v. to move or act in opposition to; opposee.g.lHe countered my proposal with one of his own.Paraphrase:Unit 6 Part II Main Reading9. Indeed, the century-old history of skyscrapers is replete with advancements in ancillary technologies, such as fluorescent lights, which enable

47、d the relatively cool illumination of interior offices. (L63)Paraphrase:Various modern assisting technologies are put into use to get the century-old history skyscrapers more convenient, such as fluorescent lights that make possible cool illumination in the offices.【译文译文】实际上，有着一百多年历史的摩天大楼里到处都实际上，有着一

48、百多年历史的摩天大楼里到处都是各种现代化辅助科技，比如使办公室里能有冷是各种现代化辅助科技，比如使办公室里能有冷光照明的荧光灯。光照明的荧光灯。1) be replete with be filled with a mind replete with knowledge a stream replete with trout2) ancillary a. supporting, assistingTranslation of the TextsFor Main Reading 天空才是极限 它们无视重力直插云霄，不断向天空伸延，使得地面的一切都显得如此微小。帝国大厦、 西尔斯塔、吉隆坡双子塔，

49、这些高度超过1000英尺气势恢宏的摩天大楼，成了人类技术力量的有力证明。 这个通天进程仍在继续。代表各种大胆结构概念的新式摩天大楼测试着高楼技术的极限。空间框架、空气动力调试、智能电梯以及电脑化减震系统还仅仅是将建筑高度推向2000英尺诸多革新中的一小部分。Unit 6 Part II Main ReadingTask 1 Guessing Meaning from ContextGuess the meaning of the following words and phrases from context. The letter in the parentheses refers to t

50、he paragraph in which the word can be found. Choose which meaning best fits the word.TaskVerbs1. humble (A)a) to awe, to make one feel that he is not worthy2. topple (D)b) to lessen3. amplify (F)c) to make larger or more powerful4. dampen (F)d) to push or throw over5. dispatch (J)e) to send someone/

51、something somewhereUnit 6 Part II Main Readinga d _c _b_e _Nouns1. testament (A)a) proof2. column (C)b) resistance to change, deterioration, or displacement3. stability (D)c) a supporting pillar4. acceleration (I)d) an increase in speed5. advancement (J)e) a forward step; an improvementUnit 6 Part I

52、I Main Readingcb d _a _e _Unit 6 Part II Main ReadingAdjectives1. striking (A)a) arresting the attention and producing a vivid impression2. implacable (C)b) impossible to please3. optimum (F)c) deserving notice or attention; notable4. noteworthy (J)d) not clear; indistinct5. fuzzy (J)e) most favorab

53、le or advantageousa e c d_b _Unit 6 Part II Main ReadingAdverbs1. majestically (A)a) frantically, as when one has no options2. desperately (K)b) grandly3. financially (K)c) in a way that makes moneyb c _a _1. Answer the following questions. 1) To push skyscrapers higher, which areas will need the gr

54、eatest innovation? 2) Which forces of nature most influence the design of a high-rise?Task 2 Understanding Main Ideas and Important Details in the TextTaskSome of the innovations include space frames, aerodynamic tuning, intelligent elevators andcomputerized damping systems.Gravity, natural disaster

55、s like hurricanes and earthquakes, wind.Unit 6 Part II Main Reading_3) What is the most important factor in the design of supertall structures?4) How does the mass damper work to lessen the buildings oscillations?5) Which factors limit the maximum acceleration of elevators?The human ears slowness to

56、 adapt to changing pressure, and passenger comfort._Wind.It is placed on a floor near the top of the high-rise, when the building sways, it moves in the oppositedirection to dampen oscillations.Unit 6 Part II Main Reading_2. Review the text to find information about skyscrapers. List the points in t

57、he table below.Unit 6 Part II Main ReadingSkyscrapersFactors to considerMeasures to take123natural forces(hurricanes and earthquakes; wind)mixed occupancyenough width of the buildings base; damping system, concrete and steelmore complicated designelevators (for mans ear and comfort)appropriate speed

58、, double-decker cars, cableless operation, fuzzy logic and neural network Related Reading Language Points Tasks Translation of the Texts Language Points Unit 6 Part II Related Reading1. accommodate (L4) v. to provide somebody with a room or place to sleep, live or sitlThe hotel can accommodate up to

59、 500 guests.e.g. (formal)to consider something, such as somebodys opinion or a factlOur proposal tries to accommodate the special needs of minority groups.e.g. accommodate to/ accommodate yourself to get used to/get yourself used to accommodate to the new scheduleUnit 6 Part II Related Reading2. The

60、 world is in the midst of a huge wave of tall building construction, both in number and in size. (L6)Tall building construction is heated now, with larger number and larger size.Paraphrase:【译文译文】世界世界正处于高楼建设的大潮中正处于高楼建设的大潮中，数量更多，数量更多，体积更大。体积更大。in the midst of among, in the middle of Unit 6 Part II Rel

61、ated Reading3. threshold (L8)lon the threshold of a new lifelHe has a low boredom threshold.e.g.Unit 6 Part II Related Reading4. Among the most anticipated is the $1 billion Burj Dubai, a massive tower being developed by Emaar Properties in the United Arab Emirates. (L11)【译文译文】耗资耗资10亿的迪拜塔是最令人期待的建筑之一

62、，亿的迪拜塔是最令人期待的建筑之一，是由阿联酋伊玛尔房产公司开发的一是由阿联酋伊玛尔房产公司开发的一栋巨型大厦。栋巨型大厦。Unit 6 Part II Related Reading5. to put it in perspective (L18)lThe sudden growth of our economy should be put in/into perspective.e.g.in the right perspective 正确地、客观地、全面地正确地、客观地、全面地(观察事物观察事物)in the wrong perspective 片面地、错误地片面地、错误地(观察事物观察

63、事物)from the perspective of 从从视点出发视点出发Unit 6 Part II Related Reading6. peer (L25) n. a person who has equal standing with another or others, as in rank, class, or agelChildren are easily influenced by their peers.e.g.Unit 6 Part II Related Reading7. In contrast, she says that large developments in Ne

64、w York and other Western cities these days are likely to encounter public opposition. (L37)On the contrary, she says that people do not that welcome tall building constructionnow in New York and other Western cities.Paraphrase:【译文译文】她说，与此相反，如今在纽约和其它西方城她说，与此相反，如今在纽约和其它西方城市，这样的大型建筑往往会遭到人们的抵制。市，这样的大型建筑

65、往往会遭到人们的抵制。Unit 6 Part II Related Reading8. And tighter credit in the United States has developers increasingly looking at emerging markets. (L40) lThey all went away, having me staying and watching the door. e.g.1) have somebody doing 让某人一直做某事3) have something done 让某事被别人做2) have somebody do someth

66、ing 让某人做某事lDont you have him come with you tomorrow?l I have may hair cut every month.e.g.e.g.Unit 6 Part II Related Reading9. serve as (L51) to act in a particular capacity serve as a clerk to be of service or use; function lLet this incident serve as a reminder to future generations.e.g.Unit 6 Part II Related Reading10. project (L57) v. to calculate, estimate, or predict (something in the future), based on present data or trends to project next years expenses and income.Unit 6 Part II Related