(完整word)2018年高考英语全国1卷试卷及答案(清晰word版),推荐文档

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1、英语试题第 1页（共 13 页）2018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂 黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在 答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的 答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，

2、从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 每段对话仅读一遍。例： How much is the shirt?A.f9.15.B. 釦 8.C. 9U5.答案是 C。1. What will James do tomorrow?A. Watch a TV program.B. Give a talk.2. What can we say about the woman?A. Shes generous.B. Shes curious.3. When does the train leave?A. At 6:30.B.

3、 At 8:30.4. How does the woman go to work?A. By car.B. On foot.5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Classmates.B. Teacher and student.绝密启用前C. Write a report.C. Shes helpful.C. At 10:30.C. By bike.C. Doctor and patient.英语试题第 2页（共 13 页）第二节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话

4、或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、 7 题。6. What does the woman regret?A. Giving up her research.B. Dropping out of college.C. Changing her major.7. What is the woman interested in studying now?A. Ecology.B. Educatio

5、n.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。8. What is the man?A. A hotel manager.B. A tour guide.9. What is the man doing for the woman?A. Looking for some local foods.B. Showing her around the seaside.C. Offering information about a hotel.听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。13. Why does the woman meet the man?A. To look at an apartm

6、ent.B. To deliver some furniture.C. To have a meal together.C.ChemiC. A taxi driver.听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。10. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In an office. B. At home.11. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening?A. Go to a concert.B. Visit a friend.12. Who is Alice going to cal

7、l?A. Mike. B. Joan.C. At arestaurC. Work extra hours.C. Catherine.英语试题第 3页（共 13 页）14. What does the woman like about the carpet?A. Its color.B. Its design.15. What does the man say about the kitchen?A. It sa good size.B. It s newly painted.16. What will the woman probably do next?A. Go downtown. B.

8、Talk with her friend.听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。17. Who is the speaker probably talking to?A. Movie fans.B. News reporters.18. When did the speaker take English classes?A. Before he left his hometown.B. After he came to America.C. When he was 15 years old.19. How does the speaker feel about his teacher

9、?A. He s proud.B. Hes sympathetic.20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?A. How education shaped his life.B. How his language skills improved.C. How he managed his business well.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWashington, D.C. Bicycle Tou

10、rsCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees withbeautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees andthe famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve you

11、r spot before availability and thecherry blossoms -disappear!C. Its quality.C. Its adequately equipped.C. Make payment.C. College students.C. He s grateful.英语试题第 4页（共 13 页）Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular mo

12、numents in Washington,D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at eachstop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour

13、is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experienceWashington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interestingstories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route ( 路线 ) ma

14、kecycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (7 miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington,D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the N

15、ational Mall. Frequentstops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water.All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21. Which tour do you need to book in advance?A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington,

16、D.C.B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A. Meet famous people.B. Go to a national park.C. Visit well-known museums.D. Enjoy interesting stories.2

17、3. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A. City maps.B. Cameras.C. Meals.D. Safety lights.英语试题第 5页（共 13 页）Good Morning BritainsSusanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cook ing up astorm in her latest role -show ing families how to prepar

18、e delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Money: Good Food , she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers toptips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under 氏 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britainpresenter says she

19、s been able put a lot of what she s learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals forsons, Sam, 14,Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.“Welove Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaura nt,”she expla ins.I pay onH5ffo）,aDpoMatt makes them for26p a portion, because

20、they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes were notaware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”The eight-part series （ 系列节目 ）, Save Money: Good Food , follows in the footsteps of ITV sSave Money: GoodHealth , which gave viewers advice on how to get va

21、lue from the vast range of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different fami ly each week. Intonights Easter special they come to the aid of a family in needof some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms th

22、e familys long weekend ocelebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.24. What do we know about Susanna Reid?A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests.C. She dislikes working early in the morning.25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna? A.He buys cooking materials for her.C. He assists her in c

23、ookingmatters.26. What does the author intend to doA. Summarize the previousparagraphs. C. Add some backgroundinformation.27. What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Keeping Fit by Eating Smart C. MakingYourself a Perfect ChefB. She has started a new programme.D. She has had a tight budget for

24、her familyD. Introduce a new topic for discussion.B. Balancing Our Daily DietB. He prepares food for her kids.D. He invites guest families for her. inparagraph 4?B. Provide some advice for the readers.英语试题第 6页（共 13 页）D. Cooking Well for Less英语试题第7页（共 13 页）Lan guages have bee n coming and going for t

25、housa nds of years, but in recent times there hasbeen less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hun ter-gatherers,small, tightly kn it (联系)groups developed their own patter ns of speech independent of each other.Some Ianguage experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when

26、the world had just five to ten milli onpeople, they spoke perhaps 12,000 Ian guages betwee n them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and theirIanguages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, in dustrialisatio n,the develop

27、me nt of the n ati on-state and the spread of uni versal compulsory educati on, especiallyglobalisati on and better com muni cati ons in the past few decades, all have caused many Ianguagesto disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chin ese are in creas in gly taking over.At p

28、resent, the world has about 6,800 Ianguages. The distribution of these Ianguages is hugelyuneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few Ianguages, often spoken by manypeople, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200Ian guages; the Am

29、ericas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of whichPapua New Guinea alone acco unts for well over 800. The median number (中位数)of speakers is amere 6,000, which means that half the world s Ian guages are spoke n by fewer people tha n that.Already well over 400 of the to

30、tal of 6,800 Ianguages are close to extinction ( 消亡),with only afew elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipa n Apache in the Un ited States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one,with a questi on-mark): none of these

31、seems to have much cha nee of survival.28. What can we infer about Ian guages in hun ter-gatherer times?30. How many Ian guages are spoke n by less tha n 6,000 people at prese nt?A. About 6,800.B. About 3,400.C. About 2,400.D. About 1,200.A. They developed very fast.C. They had similar patter ns.29.

32、 Which of the follow ing best expla insA. Complex.C. Powerful.B. They were large in nu mber.D.They were closely conn ected.dominant” underlined in paragraph 2?B.Advaneed.D. Modern.31. What is the main idea of the text?A. New languages will be created.B. Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages.

33、C. Human development results in fewer languages.D. Geography determines language evolution.DWe may think we re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of somethingshiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices （ 装置） well after they goout of style. T

34、hat s bad news for t-andnoinowimiens -as theseoutdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at theRochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental co

35、sts for each productthroughout its life -from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This methodprovided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices weregrouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992

36、.Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs enteredhomes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn tht row out our old ones. “The living- roomtelevision is replaced and gets planted in the ki

37、dsroom, and suddenly one day,you have a TV in every room of the house,”said one researcher. The average number of electronicdevices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We re not just keeping these old devices-we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt steam, old de

38、sktop monitors and boxTVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution togreenhouse gas emissions （ 排放） more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So whats the solution（解决方案 ）? The teamdsata only went up to 2007, but the researchersalso explored

39、what would happen if consumers replaced old products withnewelectronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing.They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktopcomputers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. W

40、hat does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.英语试题第 7 页（共 13 页）英语试题第9页（共 13 页）s team con duct the research?A. To reduce the cost of min erals.B. To test the life cycle of a

41、 product.C. To update con sumers on new tech no logy.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV . B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV . D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electr onic devices

42、?A. Stop using them.B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为 多余选项。Color is fun dame ntal in home desig n -someth ing you ll always have in every room. A graspof how to man age color in your spaces is one of the first steps to

43、 creati ng rooms you love to liv e in.Do you want a room that full of life? Professi on al? Or are you just look ing for a place to relax after along day?36, color is the key to making a room feel theway you want it to feel.Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help des

44、igners approachthis importa nt point.37, they can get a little complex. But good n ews is thatthere re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium on es, and the large on es.38. They re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirro

45、rs and baskets thatmost of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and lessexpensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant ben efit ofbeing easily cha ngeable.Medium color choices are gen erally furniture pieces such

46、 as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves.39. They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they havea more powerful effect on the feeli ng of a space.The large color decisi ons in your rooms concern the walls, ceili ngs, and floors. Whether you riooking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effo

47、rt and relative expense put into it are sig ni fica nt.40.A. While all of them are useful33. Why did Babbitt英语试题第10页（共 13 页）B. Whatever you re looking forC. If you re experimenting with a colorD. Small color choices are the ones we re most familiar withE. It not really a good idea to use too many sm

48、all color piecesF. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first timeG. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45 分）第一节 （共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。During my second year at the

49、 city college, I was told that the education department was offeringa “ free course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I 41 the idea of taking the class because,after all, who doesn42 t wa rfewodollars? More than that,Id always wan ted to lear n （tiess. And, even if I were n 43 eno ugh about

50、 free credits, n ews aboutour 44 was appeali ng eno ugh to me. He was an intern ati onal gran dmaster, which 45 I would belearning from one of the game46.Isould hardly wait to47him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this48was no game for him; he meant bus in

51、 ess. In his in troduct ion, he made it49that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to 50 the class, among other criteria, we had to write apaper on how we pla n to 51 what we would lear n in class to our future professi ons and, 52, to ourlives. I man aged to get an A in that53 and lear ned li

52、feless ons that have served me well bey ond the 54.Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I m still putting to use wha55e me:The absolute most importa nt56that you lear n whe n you play chess is how to makegood 57_ On every single move you have to 58 a situation, process what youropponent （对手）i

53、s doing and 59 the best move from among all your options. These words still ringtrue today in my 60as a jour nalist.英语试题第11页（共 13 页）41. A. put forwardB. jumped atC. tried outD. tur ned down42. A. wasteB. earnC. saveD. pay43. A. excitedB. worriedC. movedD. tired44. A. titleB. competitorC. textbookD.

54、in structor45. A. urgedB. dema ndedC. heldD. meant46. A. fastestB. easiestC. bestD. rarest47. A. in terviewB. meetC. challe ngeD. beat48. A. chanceB. qualificati onC.honorD. job49. A. realB. perfectC. clearD. possible50. A. atte ndB. passC. skipD. observe51. A. addB. exposeC. applyD. compare52. A. e

55、ven tuallyB. n aturallyC. directlyD. no rmally53. A. gameB. prese ntati onC. courseD. experime nt54. A. criteri onB. classroomC. departme ntD. situati on55. A. taughtB. wroteC. questi onedD. promised56. A. factB. stepC. mannerD. skill57. A. gradesB. decisi onsC. impressi onsD. comme nts58. A. an aly

56、zeB. describeC. rebuildD. con trol59. A. announceB. sig nalC. blockD. evaluate60. A. roleB. desireC. concernD. behavior第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Accord ing to a review of evide nee in a medical journ al, runners live three years 61 (long) tha nnon- runn ers. Yo

57、u don t have to run fast or for lon2 (see) the ben efit. You may drink, smoke, beoverweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.While running regularly can make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective atlen gthe ning life 65 walki ng, cycli ng or swimmi ng. Tw

58、o of the authors of the review also made astudy published in 201466 showed a mere five to 10 mi nu tes英语试题第12页（共 13 页）a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise it peobably running. Toavoi

59、d knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (stre ngth) your leg muscles (肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it s always 69 (energy). Ifyou are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same ben efits as other sports, soperhaps we

60、 should all give 70 a try.第四部分写作（共两节，满分 35 分）第一节短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（人），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2 .只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。During my last win ter

61、 holiday, I went to coun tryside with my father to visitmy grandparents. I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were livi ng in a smallhouse with dogs, ducks, and ano ther ani mals. Last win ter whe n I went here aga in, they had a bigseparate house to raise doze ns of chicke n

62、. They also had a small pond which they raised fish. Mygran dpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life hadimproved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I pla nned to retur n for every two years, but he英语试题第13页（共 13 页）agreed.第二节书面表达（满分 25 分

63、）假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry 将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件，内容包括：1 到达时间；2.合适的礼物;3 餐桌礼仪。1 词数 100 左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。*考试机构工作人员注意：以下内容不能印在试卷上。请将Dear Terry, ”按下面格式打印在答题卡上相应的区域。请将Best, Li Hua ”按下面格式放在底端。Dear Terry,Best, Li Hua英语试题第14页（共 13 页）英语试题参考答案第一部分听力1. B2. C3. C4. B5. A6. B7. A8. B9. C10. C11. A12. B13. A14

64、. A15. C16. B17. C18. B19. C20. A第二部分阅读理解21. A22. D23. D24. B25. C26. C27. D28. B29. C30. B31. C32. A33. D34. B35. A36. B37. A38. D39. G40. F第三部分语言知识运用41. B42. C43. A44. D45. D46. C47. B48. D49. C50. B51. C52. A53. C54. B55. A56. D57. B58. A59. D60. A61. lo nger62. to see63. dying64. is65. than66. t

65、hat/which67. causes68. stre ngthe n69. en ergetic70. it/running第四部分写作第节During my last winter holiday, I went toAcountryside with my father to visitthemy gra ndpare nts. I find a big cha nge there. The first time I went there, they werefoundlivi ng in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another a ni

66、mals. Last win ter whe n otherI went here aga in, they had a big separate house to raise doze ns of chicke n. They alsochicke nshad a small pondAwhich they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned in 或 wherequite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end ofselli nghappyour trip, I told my father that I pla nned to retur n for every two years, but_he agreed. and第二节（略）there