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1、附件 1C与贸易有关的知识产权协定TRIPS: TEXT OF THE AGREEMENTAgreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights与贸易有关的知识产权协定（ TRIPS 协定是 1994 年 4 月 15 日在摩洛哥马拉喀什签署的成立世界贸易组织马拉喀什协定中的附件 1C。）The TRIPS Agreement is Annex 1C of theMarrakesh Agreement Establishing the World TradeOrganization,signed in Marrake

2、sh, Morocco on 15 April 1994.与贸易有关的知识产权协定的前言PREAMBLEto the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights第一部分总则和基本原则PART IGeneral Provisions and Basic Principles第二部分关于知识产权的效力、范畴和应用时的规范PART IIStandards Concerning the Availability, Scope and Use of Intellectual Property Rights1.著作权

3、和相关的权利Copyright and Related Rights2.商标Trademarks3.地理标识Geographical Indications4.工业品外观设计Industrial Designs5.专利Patents6. 集成电路布局设计（拓扑图）Layout-Designs (Topographies) of Integrated Circuits1附件 1C与贸易有关的知识产权协定7. 对未公开信息的保护Protection of Undisclosed Information8. 对许可契约中限制竞争行为的抑制Control of Anti-Competitive Pra

4、ctices in Contractual Licences第三部分知识产权的实施PART IIIEnforcement of Intellectual Property Rights1.基本责任General Obligations2. 民事和行政程序及其救济措施Civil and Administrative Procedures and Remedies3.临时措施Provisional Measures4.与边境措施相关的专门要求Special Requirements Related to Border Measures5.刑事程序Criminal Procedures第四部分知识产

5、权的取得和维持以及当事人之间的相关程序PART IVAcquisition and Maintenance of Intellectual Property Rights and RelatedInter-Partes Procedures第五部分争端的防止和解决PART V Dispute Prevention and Settlement第六部分过渡性安排PART VITransitional Arrangements第七部分机构安排；最后条款PART VIIInstitutional Arrangements; Final Provisions全体成员 ，Members,因渴望 减少国际

6、贸易中的被扭曲与障碍，认为必须提高知识产权有效和充分的保护，并应同时确保知识产权行施中的措施和程序其本身不成为合法贸易中的障碍；所以确认需要下列方面的新规则和自律准则：Desiringto reduce distortions and impediments to international trade, and taking into account theneed to promote effective and adequate protection of intellectual property rights, and to ensurethat measures and proce

7、dures to enforce intellectual property rights do not themselves becomebarrierstolegitimatetrade;Recognizing , tothisend,theneedfornewrulesand disciplinesconcerning:(a)关于 1994 年关贸总协定（GATT）和有关国际知识产权协定或公约基本原则的应用；2附件 1C与贸易有关的知识产权协定the applicability of the basic principles of GATT 1994 and of relevant in

8、ternationalintellectual property agreements or conventions;(b)关于涉及 贸易的知识产权的效力、范畴和应用的适用规范和原则性规定;the provision of adequate standards and principles concerning the availability, scopeand use of trade-related intellectual property rights;(c) 关于在 考虑各 国法律制度之间差异的前提下，实施涉及贸易的知识产权时有效与适宜方式的规定；the provision of

9、effective and appropriate means for the enforcement of trade-relatedintellectual property rights, taking into account differences in national legal systems;(d) 关于 多边参与防止和解决政府间争端的有效与迅速的反应程序的规定；以及the provision of effective and expeditious procedures for the multilateral preventionand settlement of dis

10、putes between governments; and(e) 关于为 充分分享国际谈判的成果所进行的过渡性安排；transitional arrangements aiming at the fullest participation in the results of thenegotiations;且确认 ，需要拥有一个关于处理国际贸易中假冒商品问题的原则、规则和纪律的多边框架；Recognizingthe need for a multilateral framework of principles, rules and disciplines dealing withintern

11、ational trade in counterfeit goods;且确认 ，知识产权属于私权；Recognizingthat intellectual property rights are private rights;且确认 ，知识产权国家保护制度中基本的政府政策目标，包括开发保护的目标和技术保护的目标；Recognizingtheunderlyingpublicpolicyobjectivesofnationalsystemsfortheprotectionofintellectual property, including developmental and technologic

12、al objectives;且确认 ，最不发达国家成员国内法律法规实施时关于最高灵活性的特殊需求，从而使其在本协定实施时能具备健全可行的技术性基础；Recognizingalso the special needs of the least-developed country Members in respect of maximumflexibilityin thedomesticimplementationof lawsand regulationsin orderto enablethemto3附件 1C与贸易有关的知识产权协定create a sound and viable tech

13、nological base;需要强调 ，通过多边程序解决与贸易有关的知识产权争端，重视承诺，从而减少紧张关系的重要性；Emphasizingtheimportanceofreducingtensionsbyreachingstrengthenedcommitmentstoresolve disputes on trade-related intellectual property issues through multilateral procedures;期望在 WTO 与世界知识产权组织（本协定中简称“WIPO ”）以及其他有关国际组织之间建立一种相互支持的关系；Desiringtoes

14、tablishamutuallysupportiverelationshipbetweentheWTOandtheWorldIntellectualPropertyOrganization(referredtoin thisAgreementas “ WIPO”as) wellas otherrelevant international organizations;因此通过协定如下：Hereby agreeas follows:第一部分总则和基本原则Part I General Provisions and Basic Principles第 1 条责任的性质和范围Article 1Natur

15、e and Scope of Obligations1. 各成员均必须实行本协定中的规定，各成员可以但并无义务，在其法律中实施比本协定要求更广泛的保护，只要此种保护不违反本协定的规定。各成员有权在其各自的法律制度和实践中确定实施本协定规定的适当方法。Members shall give effect to the provisions of this Agreement. Members may, but shall not be obliged to, implement in their law more extensive protection than is required by t

16、his Agreement, provided that such protection does not contravene the provisions of this Agreement. Members shall be free to determine the appropriate method of implementing the provisions of this Agreement within their own legal system and practice.2.在本协定中， “知识产权 ”一词系指属于本协定第二部分第1 节至第 7 节中的所有类别的知识产权。

17、For the purposes of this Agreement, the term“ intellectual property” refers to all categories of intellectualproperty that are the subject of Sections 1 through 7 of Part II.3.各成员应根据本协定的规定给予其他成员以国民待遇1。对于相应的知识产权，其他成员的国民被认为是符合巴黎公约(1967) 、伯尔尼公约(1971) 、罗马公约和关于集成电路1 本协定中所指的“国民”一词，对于 WTO 的单独关税区成员，指在该关税区内定

18、居或拥有真实有效的工业或商业机构的自然人或法人。4附件 1C与贸易有关的知识产权协定的知识产权条约中所规定的保护资格标准的自然人或法人，即WTO的所有成员似乎都已加入了这些公约2。任一运用了罗马公约第5 条第 3 款或第 6 条第 2 款规定的可能性的成员，均应根据这些条款的预告，通知“与贸易有关的知识产权理事会（TRIPS理事会）”。Members shall accord the treatment provided for in this Agreement to the nationals of other Members.1 Inrespect of the relevant int

19、ellectual property right, the nationals of other Members shall be understood asthose natural or legal persons that would meet the criteria for eligibility for protection provided for in theParis Convention (1967), the Berne Convention (1971), the Rome Convention and the Treaty on Intellectual Proper

20、ty in Respect of Integrated Circuits, were all Members of the WTO members of those conventions. 2 Any Member availing itself of the possibilities provided in paragraph 3 of Article 5 or paragraph 2 of Article 6 of the Rome Convention shall make a notification as foreseen in those provisions to the C

21、ouncil for Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (the “ CouncilforTRIPS” ).1. 本协定中所指的 “国民”，系指在作为 WTO 成员的单独关税区内定居或拥有实际和有效的工业或商业企业的自然人或法人。When “ nationals” are referred to in this Agreement, they shall be deemed, in the case of a separate customsterritory Member of the WTO, to mean per

22、sons, natural or legal, who are domiciled or who have a real andeffective industrial or commercial establishment in that customs territory.2.在本协定中，巴黎公约系指保护工业产权巴黎公约；巴黎公约（1967）系指其为该公约1967 年7 月 14 日斯德哥尔摩的文本。 伯尔尼公约系指保护文学艺术作品伯尔尼公约；伯尔尼公约（1971）系指其为该公约 1971 年 3 月 24日巴黎的文本。罗马公约系指1961 年 10 月 26 日在罗马通过的保护表演者、录

23、音制品制作者和广播组织的国际公约 。关于集成电路的知识产权公约（IPIC条约）系指 1989 年 5 月 26 日在华盛顿通过的关于集成电路的知识产权公约。WTO 协定系指建立世界贸易组织的协定。In this Agreement,“ Paris Convention” refers to the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property;“ Paris Convention (1967)”toreferstheStockholm Act of this Convention of 14 July1967.“ Bern

24、e Convention”refers to the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works;“ Berne Convention (1971)refers to the Paris Act of this Convention of 24 July1971. “ Rome Convention” refers to the InternationalConvention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Bro

25、adcasting Organizations,adopted at Rome on 26 October1961. “ Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits” (IPITreaty) refers to the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits, adopted at Washingtonon 26 May 1989.“ WTO Agreement ” refers to the Agreement E

26、stablishing the WTO.第 2 条关于知识产权的公约Article 2Intellectual Property Conventions1. 各成员在履行本协定第 II 部分、第 III 部分和第 IV 部分的规定时， 还应遵守巴黎公约（1967）中第 1 条至第 12 条的规定以及第19 条的规定。In respect of Parts II, III and IV of this Agreement, Members shall comply with Articles 1 through 12, and Article 19, of the Paris Conventio

27、n (1967).2 在本协定中，巴黎公约指保护工业产权巴黎公约；巴黎公约（1967）指 1967 年 7 月 14 日该公约的斯德哥尔摩文本。伯尔尼公约指保护文学艺术作品伯尔尼公约，伯尔尼公约（1971）指 1971 年 3 月 24 日该公约的巴黎文本。 罗马公约指1961 年 10 月 26 日在罗马通过的保护表演者、录音制品制作者和广播组织的国际公约。关于集成电路的知识产权公约（ IPIC 条约）指 1983 年 5 月 26 日在华盛顿通过的该条约。 WTO协定指建立世界组织协定。5附件 1C与贸易有关的知识产权协定2.在本协定第I 部分至第IV 部分中， 没有任何内容能够减少各成员

28、目前根据巴黎公约、伯尔尼公约、罗马公约和关于集成电路的知识产权条约规定可能必须相互承担的责任。Nothing in Parts I to IV of this Agreement shall derogate from existing obligations that Members may have toeach other under the Paris Convention, the Berne Convention, the Rome Convention and the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated

29、 Circuits.第 3 条关于国民待遇Article 3National Treatment1. 在遵守巴黎公约（ 1967 ）、伯尔尼公约（ 1971 ）、罗马公约或关于集成电路的知识产权条约中所已经规定的免责条款的前提下，各成员在知识产权保护3 方面，应当给予其他成员不低于本国国民待遇的国民待遇。对于演员、录音制品制作者和广播机构，各成员的这一义务仅适用于本协定规定中的权利。任何成员对于伯尔尼公约（ 1971 ）第6 条或罗马公约第16 条第 1 款（ b）项所规定可能性的运用，均应按这些条款中规定的前瞻性要求，报告TRIPS 理事会。Each Member shall accord

30、to the nationals of other Members treatment no less favourable than that it accords to its own nationals with regard to the protection (3) of intellectual property, subject to the exceptions already provided in, respectively, the Paris Convention (1967), the Berne Convention (1971), the Rome Convent

31、ion or the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits. In respectof performers, producers of phonograms and broadcasting organizations, this obligation only applies in respect of the rights provided under this Agreement. Any Member availing itself of the possibilities provided

32、 in Article 6 of the Berne Convention (1971) or paragraph 1(b) of Article 16 of the Rome Convention shall make a notification as foreseen in those provisions to the Council for TRIPS.2. 各成员可应用本条第 1 款规定中允许的在司法和行政程序方面的例外，包括在一成员管辖范围内指定送达地址或委派代理人，但是这些例外应为保证遵守与本协定规定发生不相抵触的法律和法规所必需，且这种做法的实施下会对贸易构成变相限制。Mem

33、bers may avail themselves of the exceptions permitted under paragraph 1 in relation to judicial and administrative procedures, including the designation of an address for service or the appointmentof an agent within the jurisdiction of a Member, only where such exceptions are necessary to secure com

34、pliance with laws and regulations which are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement and where such practices are not applied in a manner which would constitute a disguised restriction on trade.3 在第 3 条和第 4 条中，“保护”一词应包括影响知识产权的效力、取得、范围、维持和实施的事项，以及本协定专门处理的影响知识产权的使用的事项。For the purposes of

35、 Articles3 and 4,“ protection” shall include matters affecting the availability, acquisition,scope, maintenance and enforcement of intellectual property rights as well as those matters affecting the use3 在第 3 条和第 4 条中，“保护”一词应包括影响知识产权的效力、取得、范围、维持和实施的事项，以及本协定专门处理的影响知识产权的使用的事项。6附件 1C与贸易有关的知识产权协定of inte

36、llectual property rights specifically addressed in this Agreement.第 4 条最惠国待遇Article 4Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment对于知识产权保护，一成员对任何其他国家国民给予的任何利益、优惠、特权或豁免，应立即无条件地给予所有其他成员的国民。一成员给予的属下列情况的任何利益、优惠、特权或豁免，免除此义务：With regard to the protection of intellectual property, any advantage, favour, privilege or immu

37、nity granted by a Member to the nationals of any other country shall be accorded immediately and unconditionally to the nationals of all other Members. Exempted from this obligation are any advantage, favour, privilege or immunity accorded by a Member:(a) 自一般性的、并非专门限于知识产权保护的关于司法协助或法律实施的国际协定所派生；deriv

38、ingfrominternationalagreementson judicialassistanceorlawenforcementofageneral nature and not particularly confined to the protection of intellectual property;(b) 依照伯尔尼公约（ 1971 ）或罗马公约的规定所给予，此类规定允许所给予的待遇不属国民待遇性质而属在另一国中给予待遇的性质；granted in accordance with the provisions of the Berne Convention (1971) or

39、the RomeConvention authorizing that the treatment accorded be a function not of nationaltreatment but of the treatment accorded in another country;(c) 关于本协定项下未作规定的有关表演者、录音制品制作者以及广播组织的权利；in respect of the rights of performers, producers of phonograms and broadcastingorganizations not provided under t

40、his Agreement;(d) 自 WTO 协定生效之前已生效的有关知识产权保护的国际协定所派生，只要此类协定向TRIPS 理事会做出通知，并对其他成员的国民不构成任意的或不合理的歧视。deriving from international agreements related to the protection of intellectual property which entered into force prior to the entry into force of the WTO Agreement, provided that such agreements are noti

41、fied to the Council for TRIPS and do not constitute an arbitrary orunjustifiablediscrimination against nationals of other Members.第 5 条关于取得或维持保护的多边协定Article 5Multilateral Agreements on Acquisition or Maintenance of Protection7附件 1C与贸易有关的知识产权协定第 3 条和第 4 条中的责任，不适用于WIPO 主持下订立的知识产权获取或维护的多边协定中规定的程序。The o

42、bligationsunder Articles 3 and 4 do not apply to proceduresprovided in multilateralagreementsconcluded under the auspices of WIPO relating to the acquisition or maintenance of intellectual property rights.第 6 条关于权利用尽Article 6Exhaustion在根据本协定第3 条规定和第4 条规定解决贸易争端时，本协定中的任何规定不得用于解决知识产权权利用尽的问题。For the pur

43、poses of dispute settlement under this Agreement, subject to the provisions of Articles 3 and 4 nothing in this Agreement shall be used to address the issue of the exhaustion of intellectual property rights.第 7 条目标Article 7Objectives保护和实施知识产权，促进技术的革新以及技术的转让和传播，以有利于社会和经济福祉的方式 促进技术知识创造者和使用者的双赢，和达到权利与义

44、务的平衡。The protectionand enforcementof intellectualpropertyrightsshould contributeto the promotionoftechnological innovation and to the transfer and dissemination of technology, to the mutual advantage of producers and users of technological knowledge and in a manner conducive to social and economic w

45、elfare, and to a balance of rights and obligations.第 8 条法则Article 8Principles1. 各成员在制定或修订其法律法规时，可采纳必要的措施，以保障公众的健康和营养，和提高对其社会经济发展和技术发展至关重要领域的公共利益，只要这些措施符合本协定中的规定。Members may, in formulating or amending their laws and regulations, adopt measures necessary to protectpublic health and nutrition, and to

46、promote the public interest in sectors of vital importance to their socio-economic and technological development, provided that such measures are consistent with the provisions of this Agreement.2. 只要符合本协定中的规定，可采取适当的措施，防止知识产权权利持有人滥用知识产权和不合理地限制贸易或对技术的国际转让造成不利影响的行为。Appropriate measures, provided that

47、they are consistent with the provisions of this Agreement, may be needed to prevent the abuse of intellectual property rights by right holders or the resort to practices which unreasonably restrain trade or adversely affect the international transfer of technology.第二部分关于知识产权的效力、范围和使用时的规范8附件 1C与贸易有关的

48、知识产权协定PART IIStandardsConcerningthe Availability,Scope and Use ofIntellectual Property Rights第 1 节：著作权和相关权利SECTION 1: COPYRIGHT AND RELATED RIGHT第 9 条与伯尔尼公约的关系Article 9Relation to the Berne Convention1. 各成员应遵守伯尔尼公约（ 1971）第 1 条至第 21 条及附录中的规定。不拥有或不承担本协定规定中的涉及该公约第6 条之二所授予权利或因此所衍生权利的权利或义务。Members shall

49、comply with Articles 1 through 21 of the Berne Convention (1971) and the Appendix thereto. However, Members shall not have rights or obligations under this Agreement in respect of the rights conferred under Article 6bis of that Convention or of the rights derived therefrom.2. 著作权的保护仅能延伸至其表达方式，不得扩展至其

50、作品本身的思想、程序、创作方法或数学原理。Copyright protection shall extend to expressions and not to ideas, procedures, methods of operation or mathematical concepts as such.第 10 条计算机程序和数据汇编Article 10Computer Programs and Compilations of Data1.计算机程序，无论其是源代码还是目标代码，都应作为伯尔尼公约（1971）所指的文字作品给予保护。Computer programs, whether in

51、 source or object code, shall be protected as literary works underthe Berne Convention (1971).2. 数据或其他资料的编辑结果，无论机器可读形式还是其他的形式，只要其内容的选取或编排构成了智力创作，即应予以保护。该保护不得延伸至数据或资料的本身，并不得损害存在于数据或资料本身的版权。Compilationsof dataor othermaterial,whetherin machinereadableor otherform,whichbyreason of the selection or arra

52、ngement of their contents constitute intellectual creations shall beprotected as such. Such protection, which shall not extend to the data or material itself, shall bewithout prejudice to any copyright subsisting in the data or material itself.第 11 条出租权Article 11Rental Rights9附件 1C与贸易有关的知识产权协定至少就计算机

53、程序和电影作品而言，一成员应给予作者及其合法继承人准许或禁止向公众商业性出租其有版权作品的原件或复制品的权利。一成员对电影作品可不承担此义务，除非此种出租已导致对该作品的广泛复制，从而实质性减损该成员授予作者及其合法继承人的专有复制权。就计算机程序而言，如该程序本身不是出租的主要标的，则此义务不适用于出租。In respect of at least computer programs and cinematographic works, a Member shall provide authors and their successors in title the right to auth

54、orize or to prohibit the commercial rental to the public of originals or copies of their copyright works. A Member shall be excepted from this obligation in respectof cinematographic works unless such rental has led to widespread copying of such works which is materially impairing the exclusive righ

55、t of reproduction conferred in that Member on authors and their successors in title. In respect of computer programs, this obligation does not apply to rentals where the program itself is not the essential object of the rental.第 12条保护期限Article 12Term of Protection除摄影作品或实用艺术作品外，只要某一作品的保护期限不是基于自然人的生命进

56、行计算的，则该期限自作品经授权出版的日历年年底计算即不得少于50 年，或如果该作品在创作后50 年内未经授权出版，则为自作品完成的日历年年底起计算的50 年。Whenever the term of protection of a work, other than a photographic work or a work of applied art, is calculated on a basis other than the life of a natural person, such term shall be no less than 50 years from the end o

57、f the calendar year of authorized publication, or, failing such authorized publication within 50 years from the making of the work, 50 years from the end of the calendar year of making.第 13 条限制和例外Article 13Limitations and Exceptions各成员对于专有权利的限制或例外规定，应限于某些特殊的情况，且不得与作品的正常利用相冲突，也不得无理地损害权利人的合法权益。Members

58、 shall confine limitations or exceptions to exclusive rights to certain special cases whichdo not conflict with a normal exploitation of the work and do not unreasonably prejudice the legitimate interests of the right holder.第 14 条对表演者、录音制品（录音）制作者和广播组织的保护Article 14Protection of Performers, Producers

59、 of Phonograms (Sound Recordings) andBroadcasting Organizations1. 就将其表演固定在录音制品上而言，表演者应有可能防止下列未经其授权的行为：固定其未曾固定的表演和复制该录制品。表演者还应有可能阻止下列未经其授权的行为：以无线广播方式播出和向大众传播其现场表演。10附件 1C与贸易有关的知识产权协定In respect of a fixation of their performance on a phonogram, performers shall have the possibility of preventing the following acts when undertaken without their authorization: the fixation of their unfixed performance and the reproduction of such fixation. Performers shall also have the possibility of preventing the following acts when undertaken without their authorization: the broadcasting by