福建省厦门大学附属实验中学高三英语一轮复习 8 反义疑问句

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1、反义疑问句之反义疑问句之“大观园大观园” 厦大附中高三英语一轮复习语法系列讲座（八）综述：疑问句的类型分类：四大类 一般疑问句-Do you like black? -Yes, I do. /No, I dont 特殊疑问句- Whats your favourite fruit? - I like pears. 选择疑问句-Which one do you like, the banana or the orange?-I like the orange. 反义疑问句（即附加疑问句）(本节课重点本节课重点)反意问句考点分析六大点：六大点：1、祈使句的反意问句；、祈使句的反意问句；2、简单句的

2、反义疑问句；、简单句的反义疑问句；3、主从复合句的反意问句；、主从复合句的反意问句；4、 I think +宾语从句的反意问句；宾语从句的反意问句；5、情态动词构成的反意疑问句、情态动词构成的反意疑问句6、几种特殊规则、几种特殊规则反义疑问句定义：在陈述句之后附加上一个简短问句，对陈述句所叙述的事实提出相反的疑问，这种疑问句叫做反意疑问句。 基本构成形式：基本构成形式：1：陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定形式 They work hard, dont they? She was ill yesterday, wasnt she?2：陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式 You didnt go, did

3、 you? He cant ride a bike, can he?注意事项：1.在朗读时，反意疑问句的前部分用降调，后部分在表疑问时用升调，在表强调时用降调。 Hes an engineer, isnt he? Its a fine day today, isnt it? 2.附加问句如果是否定式，一般应用缩略形式 We need to practise speaking English more often, dont we? He ought to know what to do, oughtnt he?3.对反意疑问句的回答，肯定或否定要前后保持一致，即前面用“ yes ”，后面必须是

4、肯定；前面用“no ”，后面必须是否定。 - She isnt a student, is she? - No, she isnt. / Yes, she is.4.在回答前否定（陈述句）+后肯定（简略问句）的反意疑问句时，答语中“yes ”和“no”的翻译恰好与汉语相反， -He isnt a pianist, is he? 他不是钢琴家，是吗？ -Yes , he is . (No, he isnt.) 不，他是钢琴家。（对，他不是钢琴家。）5.反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词种类要对应一致。 He at home every day, ? They the matter, ?

5、6.反意疑问句中问句部分的动词在时态上应和陈述部分的时态一致。 They to town soon, ? He very hard, ?7.反意疑问句中问句部分主语一般和陈述部分的主语一致，但有例外现象，注意逐一观察。反意疑问句的解答步骤反意疑问句的解答步骤Jack wasnt playing soccer, _ _?Their parents have gone to London, _?I have never been to the park, _ _？You have a good friend, _ _? We had a meeting, _ _? was hehavent the

6、yhave Ididnt wedont you1.含有含有be动词（动词（is, are, was, were）的句型：）的句型：现在：现在： 主语主语+is (are), isnt (arent) + 主语？主语？过去：过去： 主语主语+was (were),wasnt (werent) + 主语？主语？You are not students, _?The students are going to have a picnic,_?The Greens werent at home last night, _?are you arent theywere they简单句的反义疑问句2. 一

7、般动词(play, study, watch 等)句型：现在现在 主语主语+play/plays, dont (doesnt) + 主语？主语？过去过去 主语主语+played, didnt + 主语？主语？ Your mother likes cooking, doesnt she?The plane took off an hour ago, didnt it?You have a good time, dont you?3. 情态动词情态动词(can, will)的反意疑问句的反意疑问句主语主语+can/will , cant /wont + 主语？主语？Tom can swim ver

8、y well, _?Your parents cant swim, _? All of your friends will come to your party, _?can theycant hewont they4. 完成时的反意疑问句完成时的反意疑问句主语主语+have/has+过去分词过去分词, havent (hasnt) + 主语？主语？He has been to America, ?Marry hasnt lived in the countryside, ?You havent been to Shanghai, ?hasnt hehas shehave you5.5.当陈述

9、句部分有当陈述句部分有hardly, seldom, few, little, no, no one, nothing, nobody, never, nowhere ,nor, neithernor, tooto等否定词或半否定词时等否定词或半否定词时, , 反意疑反意疑问句部分要用问句部分要用肯定肯定形式。形式。 It is impossible for him to make such a mistake, isnt it? Tom dislikes swimming ,doesnt he?His sister seldom argues with people, does she?Sh

10、e could nowhere find his wallet, could he?He is neither a teacher nor a worker, is he? No one here can dance, can they / he?但: 当陈述部分含有由当陈述部分含有由 un, in , im, il, ir 等否定前缀构成等否定前缀构成的的 派生词时，虽意思是派生词时，虽意思是“不不”，但疑问部分仍要用否定，但疑问部分仍要用否定式。式。6、当陈述部分的谓语动词是have时，有两种情况: （1）have作作“有有”解时，反意疑问句部分可用解时，反意疑问句部分可用have或或do

11、的适当相应形式呼应。的适当相应形式呼应。 His brother has a new bike, _he? （2）have用作其它意义的用作其它意义的实义动词（吃、患实义动词（吃、患-病、举行病、举行 等）等）时，反意疑问句部分只可用时，反意疑问句部分只可用do的适当相应形式呼应。的适当相应形式呼应。 You have lunch at school,_? Our school had a sports meet last month, _?You had a cold yesterday, _?dont youhasntdoesntdidnt itdidnt you7. 陈述句子中的主语为动

12、词不定式短语、动名词短语或 主语从句时，疑问部分的主语通常用it。 Where to hold the meeting has not been decided, _?Learning how to repair motors takes a long time, _? That he didnt pass the entrance exam made his parents veryangry, _?has itdoesnt itdidnt it8.并列句的反意疑问句其疑问部分一般与最接近的分并列句的反意疑问句其疑问部分一般与最接近的分句的谓语保持一致句的谓语保持一致We must star

13、t at once or we cant go there on time, He is a teacher but his wife isnt a teacher, can we?is she?9. There be 句型的反意疑问句句型的反意疑问句There are 60 students in our class, _?There was nothing in the fridge,_?There will be a paper factory near my home in about 2 years,_?was therewont therearent thereThere is/a

14、re/will be, isnt/arent/wont there？10. 感叹句感叹句的反意疑问句一律使用否定式的反意疑问句一律使用否定式What a foolish child (he is), isnt he?What beautiful clothes (they are), arent they?11. 口语中，为加强语气，表惊奇、怀疑、反感、讽刺口语中，为加强语气，表惊奇、怀疑、反感、讽刺等感情而并不是为了寻求回答，这时前后两部分的肯定、等感情而并不是为了寻求回答，这时前后两部分的肯定、否定是一致的否定是一致的 Oh, he is a writer,_? Youll not go,

15、_? is hewont you1、当陈述句部分有情态动词must时，反意疑问部分有三种情况 1）must表示表示“禁止禁止”时即时即mustnt，反意疑问部分要，反意疑问部分要must 。 You mustnt stop your car here, 2）must表示表示“有必要有必要”时，反意疑问句部分要时，反意疑问句部分要neednt。 They must finish the work today, 3）当）当must用来表示用来表示“推测推测”时，意为时，意为“一定一定、必定必定” 对对现在的情况进行现在的情况进行“推测推测”时，反意疑问句部分要用时，反意疑问句部分要用“isnt /

16、 arent / dont /doesnt + 主语主语” He must be good at maths, must you?neednt they / dont they?isnt he?情态动词构成的反意疑问句情态动词构成的反意疑问句对过去的情况进行“推测” (must + have done)时,若陈述部分有表过去的时间状语，反意疑问句部分要用“wasnt / werent / didnt + 主语”；若陈述部分没有表过去的时间状语，反义疑问部分则用 “havent / hasnt + 主语”She must have read the novel last week, You mu

17、st have told her about it, didnt she?havent you? 对正在发生的动作进行“推测”（must be doing）时，疑问部分用isnt / arent +主语Tom must be cleaning his room now, isnt he?2、带带情态情态动词动词daredare或或needneed的反意疑问句，疑问的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用部分常用 dare (need)dare (need) + +主语。主语。 We need not do it again, He dare not say so, 注意：当dare, need 为实义动词时

18、，疑问部分用助动词 do / does/ did + 主语。 She doesnt dare to go home alone, need we ?dare he?does she?3. 当陈述部分的主谓语是当陈述部分的主谓语是 I wish 时，附加部分用时，附加部分用may I 。注意前后两部分用肯定形式。注意前后两部分用肯定形式。I wish to fly to the moon, may I?4、请注意以下情态动词的句子的反义疑问句、请注意以下情态动词的句子的反义疑问句陈述部分 反义疑问部分ought to ought /shouldnthad better hadntwould ra

19、ther wouldntwould like to wouldntused to usednt / didnthave/has /had to dont/doesnt/didntYoud better finish your homework now, _ You would rather stay at home sleeping than go to the movies,_ We have to work from 8:00 a.m. to 5:30p.m, _The old man used to smoke,_ Youd like to go climbing,_ He ought

20、to know the fact, _hadn t you?wouldt you?don t we?didnt/usednt he?wouldnt you?oughtnt/ shouldnt you?祈使句的反意问句祈使句的反意问句1. Lets与与let us的反意疑问句的反意疑问句Lets have a rest, _? (包括听话者)Let us have a rest, _? (不包括听话者)shall wewill you2. 祈使句的肯定形式，其反意问句表示祈使句的肯定形式，其反意问句表示“请求请求”时，通常时，通常用用will you；表示；表示“邀请、劝说、提醒注意邀请、劝说、

21、提醒注意”时时,用用wont you。Be sure to write to us, will you?Come to have dinner with us this evening, wont you?Mike, you take all these tables out of the next room, will you?Dont wait for me, will you?注意：let me / him后面的呼应形式也用will you主从复合句的反意问句主从复合句的反意问句1.陈述句部分是主从复合句时, 反意疑问句部分的代词和助动词应与主句中的主语和动词保持一致。She says

22、that I did it,_? I told them not everybody could do it , _?This is the second time that he has been to Japan,_？He isnt the man who gave the secret away to me, _?It has been reported that the fire was caused by a careless worker, _?You neednt do that when your maid is here, ? When the car crashed, yo

23、ur brother escaped being hurt, ? doesnt shedidnt Iisnt itis hehasnt itdidnt heis he2.以下几个句型，附加疑问部分统统与主句呼应以下几个句型，附加疑问部分统统与主句呼应This/It is the first/second-time that-clause, isnt it?It will be +时间段 before-clause, wont it?It is (high/about) time that-clause, isnt it?It is/has been +时间段 since-clause, isn

24、t /hasnt it?It was +时间点+when-clause, wasnt it? She says that I did it,_? I told them not everybody could do it , _?This is the second time that he has been to Japan,_？He isnt the man who gave the secret away to me, _?It has been reported that the fire was caused by a careless worker, _?You neednt do

25、 that when your maid is here,_? When the car crashed, your brother escaped being hurt, _?doesnt shedidnt Iisnt itis hehasnt itIt was Mary and her husband who sent the old man to the hospital, wasnt?It must have been one day in September that I met him, wasnt itIt was not until yesterday that I knew

26、the fact, was it?3.强调句型的反义疑问部分用强调句型的反义疑问部分用be动动词适当形式词适当形式+it 呼应呼应I think + +宾语从句的反意问句宾语从句的反意问句 当陈述部分的主语是当陈述部分的主语是I/we，谓语是，谓语是think、believe、suppose、imagine、guess、expect、fancy、suspect等等这类动词后接宾语从句时，附加疑问部分这类动词后接宾语从句时，附加疑问部分则往往与则往往与从句中的主语和谓语动词从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。若保持对应关系。若陈述部分有注意否定转移陈述部分有注意否定转移 ，反义疑问部分用肯定形式

27、，反义疑问部分用肯定形式I suppose you are not serious, ?I expect you will have a good time there, ?I dont believe he has finished, ? are youwont youhas he但：反意疑问句的陈述部分为但：反意疑问句的陈述部分为非第一人称主语非第一人称主语+ think (believe, suppose-) + that从句时，反义疑问部分的动从句时，反义疑问部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的词和主语与陈述部分的动词和主语动词和主语保持一致。保持一致。 all that English is

28、 very important,_? (不用isnt it?) that the news was true,_? (不用wasnt/ was it?)did hePractice:I think he will be back in an hour, _?I dont suppose he cares, _?Mary thinks that you will attend the party, _?Xiao Lin has been writing letters all afternoon but he should finish them now,_? John knows much a

29、bout the movie. I think he must have seen it, _ ?wont he?does hedoesnt she shouldnt hehasnt he特殊情况的反义疑问句特殊情况的反义疑问句1.当陈述句部分是当陈述句部分是I am时时, 反意疑问句部分通常反意疑问句部分通常要用要用arent I；如陈述句部分的主语是；如陈述句部分的主语是I am not时时, 反意疑问句部分通常要用反意疑问句部分通常要用am I.Im late for the meeting, arent I?Im not doing well, am I?2. 陈述部分的主语是陈述部分

30、的主语是 everything, nothing, anything 或或something时，附加部分的主语应用时，附加部分的主语应用itEverything seems all right now, _? Nothing is kept in good order, _? doesnt itisnt it3、当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that或these, those时，附加疑问句中的主语分别用it和they。This is important,_? That isnt correct,_? These are your friends Tom and Jack, _? isnt itis itarent they4 陈述句的主语如果是one，则附加疑问句的主语应当用one或heOne cant be too careful, can one /can he? ?AssignmentRemember the rules of disjunctive questions2. Preview INVERSION on page 135.