2011年全国职称英语卫生类(B级)真题及答案解析(共18页)

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上2011年全国职称英语卫生类（B级）真题及答案解析第一部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1 Marsha confessed that she know nothing of computer. A admitted B reported C hoped Danswered 2 We need to extract the relevant financial data. A store B save C review D obtain 3 Mr. Henley

2、has accelerated his sale of shares over the past year. A held B increased C expected D offered 4 The police believe the motive for the murder was jealousy. A choice B idea C decision D reason 5 The high-speed trains can have major impact on our lives A effort B problem C influence D concern 6 His sh

3、oes were shined to perfection. A cleared B washed C mended D polished 7 We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference. A offered B included C investigated D accepted8 The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses. A continuous B relative

4、C general D sharp 9 Anderson left the table，remarking that he had some work to do. A saying B doubting C thinking D knowing 10 We have to act within the existing legal framework. A limit B system C procedure D status 11 She always finds fault with everything. A simplifies B evaluates C examines D cr

5、iticizes 12 The view from my bedroom window was absolutely spectacular. A magnificent B general C traditional D strong 13 At that time，we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened. A give B understand C attach D lose 14 They converted the spare bedroom into an office. A reduced B mov

6、ed C turned D reformed 15 Jane said that she couldnt tolerate the long hours. A spend B take C last D stand 第2部分：阅读判断（第16-22题，每题1分，共7分） 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C. Relieving the Pain Exercise may be the best treatment of chronic pain, say d

7、octors at a new clinic for dealing with pain, People with chronic pain need to stop lying around, go out more, and start exercising. The instinctive reaction to acute pain is to stop moving and to try to protect the source of pain. But it seems that this is often not productive, especially in the ca

8、se of back pain. Back pain, after headaches and tiredness, has become the third most common reason for people to visit their doctors. Painful backs now account for millions of days off work. Lumbar(腰部的) pains are partly the price humans pay for taking their forelimbs off the ground, but they are mad

9、e worse by a sedentary(久坐不动的) lifestyle. Lack of exercise slowly decreases the flexibility and strength of muscles, so that it is more difficult to take pressure off the site of pain. Exercise is essential. It releases endorphins(内啡肽), the bodys feel-good chemicals, which are natural painkillers. In

10、 fact, these are so important that researchers are now looking for drugs that can maintain a comfortable level of endorphins in the body. Most people who go to a family doctor complaining of pain are prescribed pain-killing drugs rather than exercise. Since finding the cause of backache is not so ea

11、sy, doctors frequently do not know the precise cause of the discomfort, and as the pain continues, sufferers end up taking stronger doses or a series of different drugs. Its crazy, says Dr. Brasseur, a therapist at the International Association for the Study of Pain. Some of them are taking differen

12、t drugs prescribed by different doctors. Ive just seen a patient who was taking two drugs which turned out to be the same thing under different names. A generation of new pain clinics now operates on the basis that drugs are best avoided. Once patients have undergone the initial physical and psychol

13、ogical check up, their medication is cut down as much as possible. Taking patients off drugs also prepares them for physical activity. In some pain-relief clinics, patients begin the day with muscle contraction and relaxation exercises, followed by an hour on exercise bikes. Later in the day, they p

14、ractice tai chi (太极), self-defense, and deep thought. This compares with an average of two-and-a-half hours physiotherapy(理疗) a week in a traditional hospital program. The idea is to strengthen and to increase long-lasting energy, flexibility, and confidence, explains Bill Wiles, a consultant pain d

15、octor in Liverpool. Patients undergoing this therapy get back to work and resume healthy active lifestyles much sooner than those subjected to more conservative treatment. 16. To treat pain, patients should stop moving around. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 17. Headaches are partly caused by lac

16、k of exercise. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 18. Exercise helps to take the pressure off the site of pain. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 19. Doctors often use drugs such as endorphins to treat patients. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 20. Exercise helps pain sufferers to recover more qu

17、ickly than traditional treatment. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 21. Exercise helps pain sufferers to recover more quickly than traditional treatment. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 22. New pain clinics ask patients to give up drugs completely. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 第3部分：概括大意与完成

18、句子（第2330题，每题1分，共8分） 下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第25段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 The Meaning of dreams 1 Dreams play an important role in our lives. If they can be correctly interpreted, we can come to understand ourselves better. Here, we look at four common dreams and what

19、they potentially symbolize. 2 I can see their laughing faceslaughing at me. But they arent as smart. If they were, theyd be up here flying with me! This dream has both positive and negative connotations(涵义). On the positive side, the dream may express a strong desire to travel and get away from ever

20、yday routine. It can be interpreted as a powerful desire to achieve. On the other hand, this dream can mean the person has a problem or is afraid of something and they wish to escape. The dream could represent an inferiority complex(自卑情结), which the dreamer attempts to escape from by putting themsel

21、ves up above others. 3 Im moving fast now, but its still behind me. Doesnt matter how fast I go, I still cant escape. Although this is a traditional symbol of health and vitality(生命力) like the first one, it can also suggest the dreamer is trying to escape from danger. Usually, fear is the dominant e

22、motion. By running hard, the dreamer can possibly escape the threat. However, they can also stumble(蹒跚) or worse still stop moving altogether. This makes the fear even more terrifying(恐怖的). One possible interpretation suggests that the person is under pressure in their everyday life. 4 1m sweating a

23、nd my heart is beating. Im trapped in my own bed. In this dream, the person is often standing on a high, exposed place such as on the top of a tower, or on the edge of a cliff. The overwhelming (强烈的) feeling changes from anxiety to a loss of control. There is nothing to stop the person, and the feel

24、ing as they go over the edge can be horrifyingly (恐怖地) real. Fortunately, just before hitting the ground, the dreamer awakens with a sense of enormous relief. This dream suggests that the dreamer is afraid of losing control and has a fear of failure or even death. 5 The wind is pushing me and I slip

25、. Theres nothing I can do . . . nothing I can hold on to. This symbol is associated with fear: suddenly the dreamer loses all power of movement. They try hard to move their arms and legs，but they simply cannot. Frozen in a terrifying situation with no escape，they become more and more terrified as th

26、e seconds go by. Another frequent context for this dream is failing to do something in public, often something which you are normally very good at, such as your job. Not only is this extremely embarrassing, but it also shows a deep-seated phobia (恐惧) of losing a job and a livelihood. 23. Paragraph 2

27、_ 24. Paragraph 3_ 25. Paragraph 4_ 26. Paragraph 5_ A Dream of diving into the water B Dream of running hard C Dream of falling down D Dream of flying into the air E Dream of being pushed away F Dream of climbing trees27. If a person puts himself up above others in the dream, he may_. 28. If a pers

28、on dreams of being chased by others, he may _. 29. If a person dreams of going over the edge of a cliff, he may _. 30. If a person dreams of failing to do something in public, he may _ _. A be under pressure in everyday life B feel tired in real life C be afraid of losing his job in real life D feel

29、 lonely in everyday life E feel inferior in reality F be afraid of losing control in real life 第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题，每题3分，共45分） 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文回答其后面的问题，为每题确定一个最佳答案。 第一篇 Cell Phones: Hang Up or Keep Talking? Millions of people are using cell phones today. In many places it is actually considered u

30、nusual not to use one. In many countries, cell phones are very popular with young people. They find that the phones are more than a means of communication-having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected. The explosions around the world in mobile phone use make some health professional w

31、orried. Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue. Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas. They say that there is no proof tha

32、t mobile phones are bad for your health. On the other hand, why do some medical studies show changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones? Signs of change in the issues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning (扫描) equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had

33、 to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss. He couldnt remember even simple tasks. He would often forget the name of his own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years. His family doctor blamed his mobi

34、le phone use, but his employers doctor didnt agree. What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation. High-tech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount i

35、s too small to worry about. As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that its best to use mobile phones less often. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phone only when you really need it. Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, espec

36、ially in emergencies. In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health. So for now, its wise not to use your mobile phone too often 31 People buy cell phones for the following reasons EXCEPT that A theyre popular B theyre useful C theyre convenient D theyr

37、e cheap 32 The world detected in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by A cured B removed C discovered D caused 33 The salesman retired young because A he couldnt remember simple tasks B he disliked using mobile phones C he was tired of talking on his mobile phone D his employers doctor persuaded him

38、 to 34. On the safety issue of mobile phones, the manufacturing companies A hold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about B deny the existence of mobile phone radiation C develop new technology to reduce mobile phone radiation D try to prove that mobile phones are not harmful to heal

39、th 35 The writers purpose of writing this article is to advise people A to buy mobile phones B to use mobile phones less often C to update regular phones D to stop using mobile phones 第二篇 Preventing Child Maltreatment(虐待) Child maltreatment is a global problem with serious life-long consequences. Th

40、ere are no reliable global estimates for the prevalence (流行) of child maltreatment. Data for many countries, especially low-and middle-income countries, are lacking. Child maltreatment is complex and difficult to study. Current estimates vary widely depending on the country and the method of researc

41、h used. Nonetheless, international studies reveal that approximately 20% of women and 5%-10% of men report being sexually abused as children, while 25%-50%of all children report being physically abused. Additionally, many children are subject to1 emotional abuse(sometimes referred to as2 psychologic

42、al abuse). Every year, there are an about 31,000 homicide(杀人) deaths in children under 15.This number underestimates the true extent of the problem, as a significant proportion of deaths due to child maltreatment are incorrectly attributed to falls, bums and drowning. Child maltreatment causes suffe

43、ring to children and families and can have long-term consequences. Maltreatment causes stress that is associated with disruption in early brain development. Extreme stress can impair the development of the nervous and immune systems. Consequently, as adults, maltreated children are at increased risk

44、 for behavioural, physical and mental health problems. Via the behavioural and mental health consequences, maltreatment can contribute to heart disease, cancer, suicide and sexually transmitted infections. Beyond the health consequences of child maltreatment, there is an economic impact, including c

45、osts of hospitalization, mental health treatment, child welfare, and longer-term health costs. A number of risk factors for child maltreatment have been identified. These risk factors are not present in all social and cultural contexts, but provide an overview when attempting to understand the cause

46、s of child maltreatment. It is important to emphasize that children are the victims and are never to blame for maltreatment. A number of characteristics of an individual child may increase the likelihood of being maltreated, such as being either under four years old or an adolescent, being unwanted,

47、 or failing to fulfill the expectations of parents and having special needs, crying persistently or having abnormal physical features. 36 International studies reveal that A many children have been neglected. B child maltreatment is most serious in developed countries. C 20% of children have been se

48、xually abused. D 25%-50% of girls have been physically abused. 37 The word underestimates in paragraph 3 means A exaggerates. B points out. C assumes. D miscalculates. 38 Child maltreatment can bring all the following consequences EXCEPT A stress. B suicide. C heart disease. D poor memory. 39 Childr

49、en are more likely to be maltreated if they A cry a lot. B are not good-looking. C are over 4 years old. D are quiet. 40 We can infer from the passage that A researchers have collected enough data on child maltreatment. B more than 31,000 children under 15 are killed every year. C many countries hav

50、e set up special institutions for maltreated children. D some children are also to blame for maltreatment. 第三篇 Sprained (扭伤) Ankle One of the most common injuries teenagers and adults experience is a sprained ankle. A sprain occurs when the ligaments(韧带) of a joint are twisted(扭伤) and possibly torn.

51、 Ligaments are bands of fibers that hold the bones of a joint in position. A sprain can occur from a sudden twisting at the joint, or a stretching or tearing of the fibers of the ligaments. The injured area usually swells(肿胀) and becomes black and blue. Stepping off the sidewalk at the wrong angle o

52、r having one foot land in a hole while walking or running can leave you rolling on the ground in pain with an ankle on fire! If you cannot walk without experiencing intense pain, you must seek medical help. If the pain is manageable, and you can walk, here are three words to help you remember how to

53、 treat yourself: Elevate(抬高) Cool Bandage（打绷带） As soon as there is injury to that ligament, there will be a certain amount of bleeding under the skin. Once the blood pools around the damaged blood vessels, swelling occurs. The pressure from the swelling results in additional stress and tenderness to

54、 the region. In order to reduce the degree of swelling, lie down as soon as possible and keep the ankle elevated so that it is actually higher than your heart. Next, to reduce blood distribution and keep bleeding(流血) to minimum, apply a cold pack. After 20 minutes, take the pack off, wait half an ho

55、ur, and then reapply. This can be several times a day for a total of three days. Never leave a cold pack on for more than 20 minutes at a time. Reducing the temperature in that area for an extended period of time signals the body to increase blood flow to raise the body temperature! Therefore, one a

56、ccidentally triggers(引起) more blood distribution to the affected area by leaving a cold pack on for too long! Finally, bandage the angle. Be careful not to wind it too tightly; doing so can restrict blood flow and cause harm to the entire foot. 41. A sprain is caused by A ligament fibers of a joint

57、being twisted B blood vessels being hurt in the footC constantly changing body temperature D elevating ones ankle 42. The black-and-blue symptom of a sprain is due to A bleeding under the skin B pressing ones ankle C a tight bandage D applying a cold pack 43 The word it in paragraph 2(line5) refers

58、to A ankleB injuryC pressureD swelling44. Once the initial cold pack is removed, what is to be done? A Begin bandaging the ankle B Wait 30 minutes and then reapply the ice pack for 20 minutes C Keep the ankle in a position lower than your heart D wait 20 minutes and then reapply the ice pack for 30

59、minutes 45. The main idea of the passage is to explain A how a sprain occurs B how to bandage an injured foot C how to treat a sprained ankle D how to reduce the temperature of a wounded area. 第5部分：补全短文（第46-50题，每题2分，共10分） 下面的短文有5处空白；短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 Flying into History Wh

60、en you turn on the television or read a magazine, celebrities (名人) are everywhere. Although fame and the media play such major roles in our lives today, it has not always been that way. _ (46) Many historians agree that Charles Lindbergh was one of the first major celebrities, or superstars. Lindber

61、gh was born in Detroit, Michigan, in 1902, but he grew up in Little Falls, Minnesota. As a child, he was very interested in how things worked, so when he reached college, he pursued a degree in engineering. At the age of 20, however, the allure(诱惑) of flying captured Lindberghs imagination. _ (47) S

62、oon after, Lindbergh bought his own plane and traveled across the nation performing aerial stunts(空中特技). In 1924, Lindbergh became more serious about flying. He joined the United States military and graduated first in his pilot class. _(48) During the same time, a wealthy hotel owner named Raymond O

63、rteig was offering a generous award to the first pilot who could fly nonstop from New York City to Paris, France. The Orteig Prize was worth $25, OOO - a large amount even by todays standards. Lindbergh knew he had the skills to complete the flight, but not just any plane was capable of flying that far for that long. _ (49) On May 20, 1927, Charles Lindbergh took off from Roosevelt Field in New York City and arrived the next day at an airstrip (简易机场) outside Paris. Named in honor of the sponsor, The Spirit of St. Louis carried Lindber