中考英语语法学案（动词）

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1、人教版九年级英语中考语法冲刺动词-考点精讲精练考点1:连系动词：后面要接名词或形容词构成谓语。常见的连系动词有:look, smell,.等。具体用法详见形容词考点2。 考点2：助动词：本身不具有实际意义，必须和实义动词一起用，在句中帮助提问，否定以及构成相应的时态和语态。 常用白勺助动i司有：is, am, are, was, were, isnt arent wasnt werent am not, do, does, did, doesnt dont didnt will, wont, have, has, havent hasnt.等。如：She doesiTt like eating

2、 lunch here.她不喜欢在这吃午餐。 Were you late school yesterday?昨天你迟到 了吗？ They will go in for the sports meeting next week.他们将参加下星期的体育运动会。 考点3：情态动词：表示说话人的情感与态度，不能单独作谓语，只能和实义动词原形一起构成谓语，无人称和数的变化。（1）.常用的情态动词一览表原形过去式词义句型变化：否定句一般在其后加not, 一般疑问句将其提到句首。maymight可以，或许You may take a walk after supper.（肯定） You may not ta

3、ke a walk after supper.（否定） May I take a walk after supper?（般疑问）cancould能够，可以I could swim at the age of seven.（肯定） I couldnt swim at the age of seven.（否定） Could you swim at the age of seven?（一般疑问）must一定/必需We must arrive home before 10:00.（肯定）We neednt （dont have to） arrive home before 10:00.（否定） Mus

4、t you arrive home before 10:00?（ 般疑问）have tohad to不得不Tom had to go home on foot last night.（肯定）Tom didnt have to go home on foot last night.（否定） Did Tom have to go home on foot last night?（ 般疑 1可）shallshould应该Students should be allowed to play computer games.（肯定） Students shouldnU be allowed to play

5、 computer games.（否定） Should students be allowed to play computer games?（ 般疑 1可）need需要I need close all the windows.（肯定） I needn9t close all the windows.（否定） Need I close all the windows?（一般疑问）had better最好You had better stay at home.（肯定） You had better not stay at home.（否定）（2）.情态动词表推测：部分情态动词可以用来表示推测，推

6、测的可能性由小到大为：cant （不可能）一mightmay （可能），could can （可能），（can 用于疑问句）一must（一定是）。The man under the tree cant be John. He went to London with his parents yesterday. 那个树下的男人不可能是约翰，他昨天和父母亲去了伦敦。He may know the way to the post office. I am not sure.他可能知道去邮局的路，但我不肯定。I saw a girl with long hair in our classroom. W

7、ho can she be?我看见教室里有个长头发女孩，可能是谁？The notebook must be Li Mings. His name is on the first page.这笔记本一定是李明的。他的名字在第一页。(3).难点。A. can(could)与 be able tocan只用现在时，过去时用could.此两词不用于其他时态。be able to可用于任何时态。She can (is able to) drive a car.她能开车He could (was able to) play the piano at the age of ten.他 10 岁时能弹钢琴。I

8、 will be able to ride a bike in a week.(不能用 can/could) 一个星期内我就会骑自行车。B. must 与 have tomust主观因素决定。have to外界条件决定。I think I must finish my work today.我想我必须今天内完成我的工作。The last bus has gone. I have to walk home.最后一辆公交车走了,我必须要走路回家了。C. must表示“必须”时否定形式为needrft或dont have to,而不是mustrft。mustiTt表示禁止。They neednt h

9、ave breakfast so early.他们不需要这么早吃早餐。You mustnt talk in class.你禁止在课上讲话。D. 几个情态动词否定形式的意义:might not/ may not (可能不)carft/ couldnt (不可能)mustnt (禁止)There are many stars in the sky. It may not rain tomorrow.天上有很多星星，明天可能不下雨。He had a big meal just now. He can9t be hungry now.他刚吃了一大餐，现在不可能饿。The children mustnt

10、 play football in the street.孩子们禁止在街上踢足球。E. 几个情态动词在一般疑问中的回答。-May I smoke here?我可以在这里抽烟吗？-Yes, you may.是的，你可以。/-No, you mustnt.不，你禁止抽。-Can you come to see me tomorrow?你明天能来看我吗？-Yes, I can.是的，我可以。/ - No, I can，t.不，我不能。-Must he go now?他一定要走了吗？-Yes, he must.是的，他必须走。/ No, he neednt (doesnt have to).不，他不需

11、要。-Need I finish my homework today?我需要今天完成作业吗？-Yes, you must.是的，你必须。/ -No, you neednU.不，你不需要。考点4.实义动词：又称行为动词，表示事物的动作和状态，在句子中能独立做谓语。(1) .实义动词的五种基本形式基本形式构成规则例子动词原形动词的原始形式study, be, like, catch, depend第三人称单数以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的+ espass-passes; teach-teaches; go-goes辅音+y结尾的要变y为i再+escarry-carries; cry-cri

12、es; fly-flies; try-tries其他情况在词尾+Swork-works; read-reads; take-takes; put-puts现在分词以不发音的e结尾，去e +ingwrite-writing; have-having; make-making重读闭音节，双写最后字母再+ingswim-swimming; run-running; get-getting以ie结尾，改ie为y,再+ingdie-dying; lie-lying; tie-tying其他情况在词尾+ingread-reading; catch-catching; do-doing过去式与 过去分词以e

13、结尾，直接+dlive-lived; hope-hoped; decide-decided辅音+y结尾的要变y为i再+edstudy-studied; worry-worried; hurry-hurried重读闭音节，双写最后字母再+edstop-stopped; shop-shopped; plan-planned其他情况在词尾+edwork-worked; pass-passed; depend-depended注：不规则动词的过去式与过去分词详见书后的不规则动词表(2).常考的动词短语集锦.用 come true （实现）,come up with （想出）,come out （出版）

14、，come on （走吧，加油）,come from （来自）填空。A. He dreamed to be a policeman. At last his dream.B. My favorite CD of Andy Liulast month.C. Can youa good idea to help him with English?D. Do you know where he? .用 get up （起床）,get back （取回）,get on （上车），get off （T车）,get on well with （与相处得好）填空。A. When youin the morn

15、ing, you canyour watch from me.B. Dontorthe bus until it stops.C. I canwith my classmates, so I have many friends. .用 give out （分发）,give away （赠送）,give up （放弃）,give back （归还）,give . a hand （帮助某人）填空。A. Mr. Liu is very rich. He oftenmoney and food to charity.B. Would you like to help meyour test paper

16、 now?C. When you borrow something from others, you shouldthemin time.D. I wontlearning English if you canmeevery week. .用 look after （照顾）,look for （寻找）,look at （看着），look out （小心）,look over （检查）,look forward to doing （期盼做）,look around （向四周看）填空。A. While I am away, please help memy little dog.B. the ma

17、n over there. What is he, do you know?C. The doctorthe patient and found him nothing serious.D. Iseeing you as soon as possible.E. He, but found nothing strange.F. , there is a big stone in front of you. .用put away （整理）,put on （穿上，上演）,put off （推迟）,put up （挂起，举起）填空。A. the books andyour sports clothes

18、. Lets go out to play football.B. We had tothe sports meeting because of the heavy rain.C. If you want to answer my question,your hand. .用 take away （拿走）,take part in （参加），take down （记下）,take off （脱下,起飞），take care of （照顾），take place （发生）,take turns （轮流）填空。A. I dont know whomy sports shoes yesterday.

19、B. The students like tothe afternoon activities.C. Great changesin my hometown in the last five years.D. Letstothe speakers words.E. The plane willin 30 minutes. I must get in now. You have toyourself from now on. .用 turn down （调小）,turn up （调高）,turn on （开）,turn off （关）,turn to （翻到）填空。A. The baby fel

20、l asleep. Youd betterthe radio, at leastit.B. I cant hear the music clearly. Pleaseit, OK?C. Every night when he got home, he couldnt wait tothe TV.D. page 11 and look at the second picture.（3）.常用动词的区别 .用bring “带来一”；take “带走一” carry “带重物” fetch “去带回来一，一”填空。A. You should remember toyour homework here

21、 tomorrow.B. Your dog is ill. you mustit to the animal hospital.C. The box is too heavy, I cantit.D. The old man is thirsty. Letshim some water. .用look for （寻找过程），find （寻找结果）填空。Hehis schoolbag everywhere, but he couldntit. .用say （说话，后有内容）,speak（讲某种语言，若表与某人讲话时要用speak to sb）, tell （讲故事，说谎等）, talk （与人谈

22、话，常用作talk with或talk to）oA. My father oftenwith me. He oftenstudy hard, my son.B. I cana little English, but I still cantstories in English. .用look （的动作），see （看见，看电影等，表结果）,watch（长时间注视，看电视，比赛等）,read （看文字类 东西）。A. at the blackboard. Can youthe picture?B. They oftenTV at night, but I like toa film in the

23、 cinema.C. Can youthe newspaper for me? .用wear （穿的状态，后接物）,put on （穿的动作，后接物）,in （后常接颜色）,dress （后接人）A. The twins arethe same kind of shirt today.B. The manhis coat and went out.C. Do you believe the boyblue canhimself every morning? .forget （remember） to do/ forget（remember） doing 的区别forget（remember）

24、to do 忘记要做。（未做）。而 forget（remember） doing 忘记曾做。（己做）。A. -I almostto return the book to you. -It doesnt matter. Ilending you the book.B. to give my best wishes to your family. stop to do （停下来去做另一件事）；stop doing （停止做同一件事）；go on to do （继续去做另一件事）；go on doing （继续做同一件事）。A. The students are tired. They want t

25、o（have） a rest.B. Class begins.（talk）.C. Though the coach asked the girls to have a rest inside, the girls（run） outside. .用borrow （#入），lend （借出）,keep （借多长时间）来填空。A. -Can Iyour bike? My bike is broken. -Sorry, I cantit to you because mine is broken, too.B. How long can Ithis book? .pay, cost, spend, t

26、ake 的区另U花时间两种表达法：1）. It take sb. + 时间+to do sth. 2）. Sb. spend + 时间 +on （doing） sth.花钱的三种表达法：1）. Sth cost sb. + 钱；2）. Sb. pay +钱+ for sth. 3）. Sb. spend + 钱+on （doing） sth.A. Itme two hours to finish my homework last night.B. The nice watchhim 250. That is to say he250 for the nice watch.C. Ithe who

27、le afternoon cleaning my room yesterday.D. Would you like to30 more dollars on this car? .arrive, reach, get 的区别。三者在表示“到达”。后面不接地方时，只能用arrive.后面接地方时三个词都可以用，具体搭配如下：arrive in +大地方,arrive at +小地方；reach +地方；get to +地方。A. Its 12:00 oclock. He hasntyet. I dont know when he will.B. Dont worry. I willyour ho

28、me in time.C. Tomto his uncles at 10:00 pm last night.D. When will youin London? I want to know.【对点专练】（）1. The cakegood. I cant wait to eat it.A. feelsB. soundsC. becomesD. smells（）2, Oh, Ive left my schoolbag in the classroom.一Dont worry. TilA. bring)3.Heit for you now.B. takeC. carryless time read

29、ing stories about film stars than before.C. costsD. paysthe top of the mountain because we can see the whole city clearly.C. climbedD. gotit.D. get upA. takesB. spends)4. We all felt excited when weA. reachedB. arrived)5. -Look! The bus is coming. -But there are too many people. We cantA. get offB.

30、get downC. get on)6. -When did you borrow the English story-book?-I borrowed it last week. Iit for a week.A. have boughtB. have keptC. have borrowed)7. Dontyour coat. Tom! Its easy to catch a cold in spring.A. take awayB. take offC. take down)8. Coffee is ready. How nice it! Would you like some?A. l

31、ooksB. smellsC. sounds)9. Li Leigo to bed until 11 oclock last night.A. isntB. wasntC. didnt)10. Can youme your pen?A. takeB. borrowC. lend)11. This is my little cat. Pleaseit while I am out.A. look afterB. look upC. look at)12. Dont forgetthe lights when you leave the classroom.A. to turn offB. to

32、turn onC. turning off)13. -What are you doing, Cathy?Imfor my dog. I cant find it.A. looking forB. looking atC. looking up)14. ItMike twenty minutes to walk to school every day.A. spendsB. paysC. takes)15. Dont touch the machine. Its dangerous.-Sorry, IA. dont)16. Its good manners toB. haventC. wont

33、hello to others in China.C. talkA. sayB. tell)17. -Jimmy, your toys should be in right order.-OK. rilthemright now.C. put, upA. put, downB. put,away)18. Again and again the doctorD. put, onthe crying girl, but he couldnt find out what was wrong with her. D. looked outA. looked overB. looked afterC.

34、looked for)19. Oh, Danny. Ws raining outside. Youd betteryour raincoat.A. put onB. put upC. put down)20. -How much does your houseIts 3000000Yuan.A. costB. takeD. fetchD. hadD. take outD. feelsD. doesntD. keepD. look forD. turning onD. looking afterD. costD. cantD.speakD. put offD.spendC. pay me fun

35、ny stories.)21. When I was a child, my grandfather oftenD. talkedD. mustnt stay at home.D. mayD. take downD. get downD. gave awayD. CouldD. haven,tD. shouldntD. shallD. shouldD. needD. needntD. mustD. may notD. mayD. came up withD. Must, cantA. spokeB. toldC. said)22.Wewait for her because she said

36、she would not come.A. needntB. shouldC. must)23.1 cant take part in the sports meeting because of my broken leg. IA. have toB. mustC. can)24. The plane willat three oclock in the afternoon.A. take offB.take awayC. take out)25. He had toearlyand read English in the morning.A. get toB.get offC. get up

37、)26.1some clothes to charity because they are too small for me.A. gave outB.gave upC. gave off)27. 一I use your telephone?-Sure. Here you are.A. MayB. MustC. Should)28. If there anything Ido for you, please let me know.A. mayB. canC. mustnt)29. -Must I answer this question in English? -No, you.A. mus

38、tntB. needntC. cant)30. -Excuse me, where are we going to have our class meeting?Im not sure. Ask our monitor. Heknow.A. canB. cantC. may)31. -What will the weather be like tomorrow?-Itbe rainy, cloudy or sunny. Who knows?A. mustB. mightC. shall)32. -Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon?

39、-Yes, you.A. mustB. canC. may)33. -Look at that girl! Is she Susan?No, itbe her. She has gone back to her hometown.A. shouldntB. mustntC. cant)34. That restaurantbe very good. Its always full of people.A. cantB. mayC. shouldnt)35. Yougo across the road when the light is red.A. mustB. mayC. mustnt)36

40、. His sonwalk when he was two years old.A. canB. is able toC. was able to)37. The little monkeya way to get the bananas from the tree.A. came outB. came onC. came true)38. -it be true, Tom?-No, itbe true.A. Can, cantB. Can, mustntC. May, cant)39. He didnt know where hefind the money.A. canB. couldC.

41、 may)40. It was so dark in the house that Isee her clearly.A, couldntB. had toC. mustD. was able to【中考链接】)1. 一I get up at six tomorrow?-No, you neednt.A. MayB. Can)2.1 am hungry.I have something to eat?A. CanB. Must)3. He isnt in the school. I think heA. canB. shall)4. Tom began to learn how toA. sa

42、yB. tellC. MustC. Dobe illC. mustChinese when he was five.C.speak)5. -Must I hand in the weather report this morning?-No, you.A. mustntB. neednt)6.smoke in the cinema, please.A. NotB. No)7. Its cold outside. Pleaseyour coat.A. put onB. take off)8. Class 3 won the football match! _A. MayB. Must)9. 一I

43、 have your name, please?-Yes, Smith. S-M-I-T-H.A. MustB. MayC. Will)10. Will youfinish your homework before eight oclock this evening?A. canB. mayC. be able toD. are able to)11.your coaL Its hot outside.A. WearB. Put onC. Take offD. Dress)12. Yesterday it rained heavily when school was over. Westay

44、in our classroom.A. shouldB. mustC. had to)13. Were looking forward tothe World Cup 2006 in Germany.A. visitingB. watchingC. looking)14. Youd betterher number in the phone book.A. look intoB. look forC. look up)15.1 am sure that he isa lie.A. sayingB. talkingC. speaking)16. Yoube tired after working

45、 for eight hours without a rest.A. canB. mayC. must)17. Ws raining heavily. We have tothe sports meeting.A. put offB. join inC. hold on)18.Mike didnt get wet because his teacherhim an umbrella.A. lentB. discoveredC. borrowed)19. Dontothers. Sometimes you make mistakes, too.A. knock atB. laugh atC. l

46、ook atC. may notC. DontC. take care of it be true?C. WillD. CanD. NeedD. tellingD. needD. take part inD. taughtD. shouldntD. mustnt beD. come outD. tastesD. look it up)20. -Mr. Wang, must I come again on Sunday morning to clean the windows?-No, you. I have asked others to do it.A. dont have to B. mu

47、stntC. cant)21. -I saw Kevin in the supermarket this morning.-No, ithim. He moved to Canada last week.A. can beB. must beC. cant be)22. Zhang Liangyings new CD willnext month.A. come alongB. come upC. come over)23. This silk dressso smooth. Its made in China.A. feelsB. smellsC. sounds)24. Smoking is bad for your health. Youd better.A. set it upB. give it upC. pick it up