新概念第二册Lesson68共32页

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1、 Lesson 68 Persistent psistnt persistent psistnt a. 坚持不懈的坚持不懈的,固执的固执的;持续的持续的,持久的持久的The persistent rain will do harm to his weak knees.He was a persistent thief. persistent adj. 1). (人、行为人、行为)不屈不挠的，执拗的，顽固的不屈不挠的，执拗的，顽固的 坚持不懈的努力坚持不懈的努力 persistent efforts 他追问到底他追问到底 He was persistent in his question. 2)

2、. (事物事物)持久的，不断的，持久的，不断的， lasting 持久的，恒久的持久的，恒久的 持续降雨持续降雨 persistent rain 持久性污染物持久性污染物 persistent pollutant persist v. persist in sth. / doing 坚持，执意坚持，执意 . Does he always persist in his opinion like that? 他坚持相信自己是对的他坚持相信自己是对的 He persists in believing that he is right. persistence n. U 坚持不懈，执意，持续坚持不懈，

3、执意，持续 His persistence touches me. 他的坚持不懈打动了我。他的坚持不懈打动了我。avoid vid vt. 1. 避开避开,躲开躲开I avoided him as much as possible. 我尽量避开他。我尽量避开他。 2. 避免避免 avoid +n./+doingNo one can avoid making mistakes while learning a foreign language. avoid v. 避开，躲避，避免，预防避开，躲避，避免，预防 avoid doing 汽车向左拐以避免碰撞。汽车向左拐以避免碰撞。 The car t

4、urned to the left to avoid a collision. kln 碰撞；冲突碰撞；冲突 尝试避免高峰时间驾车尝试避免高峰时间驾车 Try to avoid driving in rush hours. insist vt. 坚持坚持;坚决认为坚决认为;坚决主张坚决主张;坚决要求坚决要求 +(that)He insisted that we (should) accept these gifts. vi. 坚持坚持,坚决认为坚决认为;强调坚决主张强调坚决主张;一定要一定要(+on/upon)I insist on seeing it. 我一定要见到它我一定要见到它 insi

5、st v. insist on sth./doing I insist on your coming with us insist that sb should do 坚持要坚持要 I insist that you should go with us insist that + 陈述句陈述句 坚持认为，坚持说坚持认为，坚持说 她坚持认为自己是无辜的。她坚持认为自己是无辜的。 She insisted that she was innocent nsnt 清白的；无害的；无辜的清白的；无害的；无辜的 The Arab insisted that he had never seen the ca

6、mel（1） insist on 是不及物动词用法,要接名词短语,（2） insist (that) 是及物动词用法,要接从句.例句：（1）John insisted on paying for lunch today.（2）John insisted that I let him pay for lunch today.（3）John insisted that he should pay for lunch today.insist接宾语从句时1）坚持认为、坚决主张，宾语从句要用虚拟语气，insist that sb. (should) do sth.2) 坚持说， 宾语从句部分该用什么时

7、态就用什么时态 persist坚持（不顾阻拦一味的坚持）坚持（不顾阻拦一味的坚持） persist in doing sthShe persisted in reading his poems. insist坚持（认为，说，是人的一坚持（认为，说，是人的一种态度）种态度） insist on doing sth I insisted on calling doctor.persistence n. 坚持，固执，顽固；坚持，固执，顽固；持续性，持久持续性，持久Her persistence and passion have helped the team to complete the diff

8、icult task.区别区别 insist on, persist in, stick to, keep on insist on 坚持要求，认为（要求，看法，主张意坚持要求，认为（要求，看法，主张意见）见） persist in 顽强地坚持；执着地做顽强地坚持；执着地做He insisted on playing golf. He persist in practicing golf. stick to 坚持不放弃愿望、原则、决定、诺言理坚持不放弃愿望、原则、决定、诺言理想想 .He promised to help us and he stuck to his word.他答应帮助我们，

9、他没有失信。他答应帮助我们，他没有失信。 Stick to it！坚持住！坚持住 keep on 继续继续 1. 动名词做动词宾语动名词做动词宾语 avoid, enjoy, deny, fancy, admit, appreciate, complete, delay, finish, mind, stand, practice, resent, risk, suggest He denied having done any such thing. 他否认做过那种事他否认做过那种事 I would appreciate receiving a copy of the book. 如蒙赐赠该书

10、如蒙赐赠该书,不胜感激不胜感激 He delayed telling her the news, waiting for the right moment 他没有马上把消息告诉她，等有了适当的时会在说他没有马上把消息告诉她，等有了适当的时会在说 Would your wife resent my being with you here? 你太太会不会气我跟你在这儿你太太会不会气我跟你在这儿? Im willing to risk losing everything. 我愿意冒失去一切的危险我愿意冒失去一切的危险 2. 固定搭配固定搭配 Its no use doing做某事是没用的做某事是没用

11、的 Its no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收覆水难收 Its (not) worth doing be busy doing 3. 动名词的逻辑主语表达方式动名词的逻辑主语表达方式 Would you mind opening the window? 你能开下窗子吗？你能开下窗子吗？ Would you mind my opening the window? 你介意我打开窗子吗？你介意我打开窗子吗？ Fancy her writing a letter like that. 真想不到她写了那样一封信。真想不到她写了那样一封信。 4. 现在分词与动名词的比较

12、现在分词与动名词的比较 现在分词现在分词 形容词形容词 动名词动名词 名词名词 Stay away from running water. （running adj. 流动的流动的flowing，作定语），作定语） I enjoy running. （running n. 跑步，做宾语）跑步，做宾语） I admire the woman finishing the report. （现在分词短语（现在分词短语finishing the report 依然是形容依然是形容词）我赞赏词）我赞赏“完成报告的完成报告的”那位女士那位女士 I admire the womans finishing t

13、he report 我赞赏我赞赏“那位女士那位女士”完成这份报告完成这份报告 pretend pritend v.1. 佯装佯装;假装假装;2. (尤指孩子尤指孩子)(在游戏中在游戏中)假扮假扮;装作装作 pretend to do sth a. 假装的假装的;假想的假想的 prevent privent vt. 防止防止,预防预防;阻止阻止;制止制止;妨碍妨碍Who prevents their plans from being carried out? 谁阻止他们的计划不让实施谁阻止他们的计划不让实施? prevent from doing sthpractice : 根据所给汉语，按正确

14、形式填空：根据所给汉语，按正确形式填空： He _ (坚持坚持) that he does that work alone . The teacher tells us that learning English must be _(坚持的坚持的). She tried to _(逃避逃避) answering my questions . She wasnt really crying ; she was only _(假装假装) . What can we do to _(阻止阻止) the disease spreading ?insists persistent avoid prete

15、nding prevent persistent psistnt adj. 坚持的，固坚持的，固执的执的 avoid vid v. 避开避开 insist insist v. 坚持做坚持做 fancy fnsi v. 想象，幻想想象，幻想 cross kr:s v. 穿过穿过 pretend pritend v. 假装假装 prevent privent v. 阻止阻止 follow flu v. 跟随跟随 Nigel Dykes naidl daik 尼格尔尼格尔戴克戴克斯斯 dentist dentist n. 牙医牙医 Elizabeth ilizb n. 伊莉莎白伊莉莎白Why did

16、 Elizabeth cross the street ?questions :What does Nigel always insist on doing ?Why did Elizabeth tell Nigel that she was going to the dentist ?I crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me.cross v. 穿过 I cross the garden.across adv.&prep. 穿过 I go across the gar

17、den.avoid doing sth. 避免They managed to avoid a car crash/crashing their car into the wall.他们设法躲过了一起汽车撞车事故避免了将车撞在墙上。come running towards sb. 向某人跑过来running towards me是现在分词短语,作状语,修饰came,表示伴随状况. 一样情况如: go swimmingShe ran after the thief shouting out for help.她一边追赶小偷，一边大声喊叫求助。It was no use pretending tha

18、t I had not seen him , so I waved to him .wave to sb 向某人招手向某人招手 It is no use crying over the spilled milk 覆水难收覆水难收It是形式主语, 真正的主语是动名词短语 pretending that I had not seen him 假装没看到他是没用了It is/was no use doing sth 做某事是无用的做某事是无用的It is (of) no use worrying about your family. It is no use punishing him.I neve

19、r enjoy meeting Nigel Dykes.enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做appreciate sth./doing sth. 喜欢做 He never has anything to do.用不定式做定语, 修饰anything，不定式放在不定代词后面anything to do sth. 任何要做的事anything to eat sth. 可以吃的东西 ； anything to drink 可以喝的东西No matter how busy you are, he always insists on coming with you.No matter 可以和疑问词（

20、可以和疑问词（how , who , when , where , what 等等) 一起引导让步从句，表示一起引导让步从句，表示“无论无论”。-No matter where you go , you cant forget your home . 无论你到哪里，都无法忘记自己的家。No matter what I say, I seem to say the wrong thing. 无论我说什么，都似乎说得不当。无论我说什么，都似乎说得不当。 No matter how old you are, No matter where you are, No matter who you are

21、, No matter how tired you are, your children insisted on listening to stories. insist on doing sth. 坚持做 我让他工作之后不论多晚都向我汇报。我让他工作之后不论多晚都向我汇报。 I told him to report to me after the job, no matter how late it was.I had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning.think of a way

22、 of doing sth. 想一个做某事的方法 think of a way of solvingprevent sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事, 让某人不做某事stop sb. from doing sth. 让某人不做某事keep sb. from doing sth. 让某人不做某事(保持不做某事)forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事1) think of 想出 2) a way of doing做的方法 3) prevent from doing阻止做 I cant prevent you from going if you want

23、 to. 你如果想去，我无法阻止。I had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning.主：I谓：had to think of 宾：a way 定：of preventing him from following me around all morning整个句子的结构 stop sb. from doing sth. 让某人不做某事 keep sb. from doing sth. 让某人不做某事(保持不做某事) forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事Fancy me

24、eting you here!=Imagine meeting you here! 真想不到会在这见到你! （fancyimagine）“fance+名词”表示惊讶 fancy vt. 设想，想像Fancy Ian not knowing the answer to such an easy question!Fancy writing a letter like that!真想不到写了那样一封信。Fancy her writing a letter like that!真想不到她写了那样一封信。 vt. 想要，喜欢（往往用于指个人爱好）Its a fine day and I fancy d

25、riving down to the coast. fancy 1) v. 想象想象 fancy + 宾语宾语 + as/to be 我想象不到他是个医生。我想象不到他是个医生。 I cant fancy him as a doctor. fancy doing 常用于祈使句表示感叹常用于祈使句表示感叹 想不到这个孩子看这么难的书。想不到这个孩子看这么难的书。 Fancy this child reading such a difficult book. 2) n. 非现实的幻想空想非现实的幻想空想 imagination 现实又实际的想象现实又实际的想象 product of fancy 空

26、想产物空想产物 He shut himself in a world of idle fancy. 他把自己关在没用的空想世界里。他把自己关在没用的空想世界里。 3) adj. 精致的，花哨的精致的，花哨的 这些鞋对我来说太花哨了这些鞋对我来说太花哨了 These shoes are too fancy for me. a fancy party 化妆舞会化妆舞会 Would you mind my coming with you? 我跟你一道去行吗？这是一个表示客气请求的结构，my是动名词coming的逻辑主语。我们先来比较一下：Would you mind coming with me?

27、你跟我走行吗？翻译；Would you mind opening the window? Would you mind my opening the window? Would you mind opening the window?你介意把窗户打开吗？Would you mind my opening the window?你介意我把窗户打开吗？(有了my 后,后面的opening的逻辑主语就是my了.)“Would/Do you mind +动名词/if引导的从句”用来表示客气的请求或征求意见，1表示同意/不介意时，用“No, not at all”或“Certainly not”回答；2

28、不同意时往往用一些委婉的说法，如“Im sorry, but”等回答，不用“yes, I so”。 Would you mind if I open the windows? Certainly not. /Sorry, but its cold here.mind (sbs) +doing sth. 介意某人做某事7. Youre not busy doing anything, are you?反意疑问句的回答, 根据事实回答例句John was angry, wasnt he?约翰生气了，不是吗？（肯定式+否定式）He hasnt left, has he?他没走，是吗？（否定式+肯定式

29、）I can see him, cant I?我可以见他，不是吗？（情态助动词作助动词）You like it, dont you?你喜欢它，不是吗？（没有助动词时加do）be busy doing sth. 忙着做升调升调表示说话者有疑问需要对方解答表示说话者有疑问需要对方解答 。降调降调表示说话者预测对方会表示赞同。表示说话者预测对方会表示赞同。前肯后否前肯后否，正常回答；，正常回答；前否后肯前否后肯，根据事实从后往，根据事实从后往前翻译。如：前翻译。如：（1）They work hard, dont they?他们努力工作，不是吗？他们努力工作，不是吗？Yes, they do.对对,他

30、们工作努力。他们工作努力。 No, they dont.不，他们工作不努力不，他们工作不努力（2）They dont work hard, do they? 他们不太努力工作，是吗？他们不太努力工作，是吗？Yes, they do. 不，他们工作努力。不，他们工作努力。 No, they dont. 是的，是的， 他们工作不努力他们工作不努力1.I _ the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running _ me. 2.It was no use pretending that I had not seen him,

31、_I waved to him. 3.He _ has anything to do. 4.No matter _busy you are, he always insists on _with you. 5.I was just wondering how to _ the morning - until I saw you. 6.Not at all, I lied, but Im going to the _.7.Theres always plenty to read in the _ room! 画出课文中所有以-ing结尾的动词动名词复合结构：由名词所有格或物主代词与动名词构成动名

32、词复合结构多作主语或宾语, 作主语时必须是所有格(名词所有格, 形容词性物主代词), 但作宾语时可以用所有格, 也可用普通格(人称代词宾格) avoid doing sth 避免做某事避免做某事 enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事喜欢做某事 insist on doing sth 坚持做某事坚持做某事 prevent sb from doing sth 阻止做某事阻止做某事 fancy doing sth 想象做某事想象做某事 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事忙于做某事 mind doing sth 介意做某事介意做某事 finish doing sth 完成做某事完成做

33、某事 只能接doing做宾语 的动词： suggest , avoid , complete , feel like , finish , find , practise , escape from , delay , prefer to , give up , admire , enjoy , mind , miss , keep , forgive , admit , deny , consider , be busy , fancy , imagine , require , 只能接to do 的动词： want, would like , ask , tell , order , ho

34、pe , wish , advise , promise , decide , expect , refuse , offer , pretend , fail , help, afford , allow , plan , intend , happen , invite , remind , prepare , agree , determine , learn , manage, encourage ,punish , warn sb not to do , 既可以接to do , 又可以接doing 的动词： stop , forget , remember , hate , like

35、 ,love , prefer , begin ,start , try ,continue , mean , regret , need , go on , be afraid No one enjoys _ at. A laughing B to laugh C being laughed D to be laughed You must do something to prevent your house _. A to be broken in B from being broken in C to break in D from breaking in They insist on

36、_ another chance to try . A given B giving C being given D to be given It took the workmen only two hours to finish _ my car . A repairing B repair C to repair D repaired Jack said that he wouldnt mind _ for us. A to wait B wait C waiting D waited No one can avoid _ by advertisements . A to be influ

37、enced B being influenced C influencing D having influenced Hes very busy _ his papers . He is far too busy _ callers . A to write , to receive B writing , to write C writing , receiving D to write , for receiving 动名词的一些用法I like watching TV.我喜欢看电视。（一般行为） Id like to watch TV. 我（现在）想看电视。（特定） The strap

38、needs mending. 这提包带需要修理。（动名词在这里有被动的含义） （2）有些动词后可以用动名词作宾语，但不能用不定式。这些动词包括 avoid, admit, deny, fancy, finish, enjoy, mind（在乎，在意）, suggest, stand（容忍）等： I tried to avoid meeting him. 我试图避开他。 I never enjoy meeting Nigel Dykes. 我就怕遇到奈杰尔戴克斯。 I havent finished speaking yet. 我还没有说完。 （3）有些结构通常要接动名词，如 busy, wor

39、th, it is no/little use, bored with, interested in, insist on, preventfrom等： Im busy making meat pies. 我正忙着做肉馅饼。 A Lancaster bomber in reasonable condition is worth rescuing. 一架状况尚好的兰开斯特轰炸机值得抢救。He insisted on paying. 他坚持要付钱。 Im interested in acting. 我对表演感兴趣。 （4）动名词可以有自己的逻辑主语（即动作执行者，而不是句子的主语）： He ins

40、isted on my paying the bill. 他坚持要我付账。 I dont think the children enjoy your/his/Johns singing. 我不认为孩子们喜欢你他约翰唱的Please excuse his not writing to you. 请原谅他没有给你写信。 Do you mind my smoking? 我可以抽烟吗？ Do you mind opening/my opening the door? 你我可以开门吗？ （5）come和go之后可以跟与户外活动相关的动名词（climbing, driving, fishing, ridi

41、ng, shopping, walking等），表示建议、邀请或叙事： Why dont we go swimming? 为什么我们不去游泳呢？ Come dancing this evening. 今晚来跳舞吧。 Yesterday we went fishing. 昨天我们去钓鱼了。 I watched him climb/climbing the tree. 我看到他爬树了。（区别不大） （6）感知动词（hear, see, feel, watch等）后面既可以跟宾语加分词结构，也可以跟宾语加不带to的不定式。现在分词往往强调动作正在发生，用于叙述中时使人身临其境；不定式则可以表示动作发

42、生了或过程结束了。有时它们之间的区别不大，可以互相替换使用。试比较： I watched him climb/climbing the tree.我看到他爬树了。（区别不大） 我穿过马路以便避开他，但他看到我并朝我跑过来。若再装作没看见他已是没有用了，我只好向他招手。我就怕遇到奈杰尔.戴克斯。他从来都是无事可做，不管你多忙，他总是坚持要跟你去。我得想办法不让他整个上午缠着我。 “你好，奈杰尔，想不到在这儿见到你。”我说。 “你好，伊丽莎白，”奈杰尔回答说，“我正不知道怎么消磨这一上午呢，正好见到好。你不忙，是吗?” “不，不忙，我打算去.”我回答。 “我跟你一道去行吗?”没等我说完话他就问道。

43、 “没关系，但我准备去牙医那里。”我说了个谎。 “那我也跟你去，候诊室里总有很多东西可供阅读!”他回答。 词汇学习 word study 1fancy vt. （1）设想，想像： fancy meeting you here!想不到在这儿见到你！ fancy ian not knowing the answer to such an easy question! 真想不到伊恩竟会不知道如何回答这样一个简单的问题！ （2）想要，喜欢（往往用于指个人爱好）： i dont fancy going for a walk in the rain.我不爱在雨中散步。 its a fine day and

44、 i fancy driving down to the coast.天气真好，我想开车去海边。2insist vt.,vi.（1）坚持，坚决认为：he insisted that he was right.他坚持他是对的。he insists on the importance of the meeting.他强调这个会议的重要性。（2）坚决主张要求，一定要：i insist on speaking to the manager.我坚决要求一定要与经理谈话。my wife insists that i (should) have my hair cut.我妻子执意要我理发。1关键句型练习答案

45、c (sample sentences)1 its no use trying to reason with him.2 lets go swimming.3 forgive my interrupting you.4 do you deny having taken/taking the money? 5 he came rushing towards me.6 im busy writing letters.7 i always enjoy going to the cinema. 8 would you mind closing the door, please? 2多项选择题答案1b 2b 3c 4d 5b 6b7b 8c 9c 10 c 11a 12a