(完整版)小学英语动词及专项训练

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1、小学英语动词及专项训练1动词的定义：表示动作或状态的词叫做动词。表示动词的词如ask ,walk 等2动词的分类：（1） 实义动词又叫行为动词，能独立做谓语：如 open, hold , learn（2）系动词又称连系动词，不能独立做谓语，后边必须接表语组成系表结构，说明主语的状态、性质、特征等：be 动词（3） 助动词，主要协助动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫做助动词。 它本身没有词义，和实义动词一起构成各种时态和语态，也可构成否定或疑问结构：do、will、should、would（4） 情态动词，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能、应该或必要等。由于词义不完全，不能单独作谓语，

2、要后接动词完成谓语部分：must、can、could、may、will3.动词的基本形式（1） 动词原形：动词未经任何变化的原来形式。如： have、cut、see（2）第三人称单数现在时：动词一般现在时的第三人称单数形式的构成和名词复数构成法相 似。A. 直接加“ s”: read-reads leave-leavesB. 以 e 结尾的动词，直接加“ s ”：come-comes close-closesC. 以 s. x. sh. ch.o 结尾的单词，加“ es ” : watch-watches fix-fixeswash-washesgo-goesD. 以 辅音字母 +v”结尾的单

3、词，变“ y”为“ i”，再加“ es” : cry-criesE. 以 元音字母+y”结尾的单词，直接加“ s”:play-plays（3）过去式的变化规则：A. 直接加“ ed” : look-looked watch-watchedB. 以 e 结尾的动词，直接加“ d” : live-lived love-lovedC. 以 辅音字母 +y”结尾的单词，变“ y”为“ i”，再加“ ed ” : cry-criedD. 以元音字母+y”结尾的单词，直接加“ s ”：play-playedE.动词不规则变化表Infin itivePastten seInfin itivePast ten

4、se1. am, iswas2.keepkept3. arewere4.letlet5. becomebecame6.makemadetaketook7. beginbegan8.meetmet9. bitebit10putput11. blowblew12.readread13. buybought14.riderode15. catchcaught16.runran17. comecame18.saysaid19. costcost20.seesaw21. cutcut22.singsang23.digdug24.sitsat25.dodid26sleepslept27. drawdrew

5、28.speakspoke29. drinkdrank30.sweepswept31. eatate32.33.fallfell34.teachtaught35. feedfed36.telltold37.feelfelt38.thinkthought39. flyflew40.throwthrew41.forgetforgot42.understandunderstood43. getgot44.givegave45. wakewoke46.gowent47. wearwore48.growgrew49. winwon50.have/hashad51. writewrote52.knowkn

6、ew53 .breakbroke4.动词的时态、一般现在时 : 表示经常性、规律性习惯性的动作或现在存在的状态。结构：1. 动作词一般用原形，但如果是第三人称单数时（如Tony ， he ， she），动作词用第三人称 单数形式，即加 s 或 es ;在主语前加 do, does 帮助疑问句，后面的动词用原形； 在动作词前加 dont, doesnt 帮助否定句，后面的动词用原形。A.肯定句：(非第三人称单数)主语+V+其它(第三人称单数)主语+Vs+其它 主语 +be(is, am, are)+ 其它We come from Chi na.He comes from China.We are

7、 from China.主语 + 情态动词(can, may, should, must)+V+ 其它 She must go.B.否定句：(非第三人称单数)主语+don +V+其它 We don come from China.(第三人称单数)主语 +doesn +V+ 其它He doesn t come from China.主语 +be (is, am, are) not+ 其它 I aren trom China.主语 + 情态动词(can, may, should, must)+not +V+ 其它C .一般疑问句：Do +(非第三人称单数)主语+V+其它 Do you come f

8、rom Chi na?Does +(第三人称单数)主语+Vs+其它be(Is, Am, Are)+ 主语 + 其它Does he come from China?Are you from China?特殊疑问句:情态动词(Can, May, Should, Must)+主语 + V+ 其它She can t go.特殊疑问词+do +(非第三人称单数)主语+V+其它特殊疑问词 +does +(第三人称单数)主语+Vs+其它特殊疑问词 +be (is, am, are)+ 主语+其它Where do you come from?Where does he come from?Where are

9、you from?特殊疑问词 +情态动词(Can, May, Should, Must)+主语+ V+其它Can she go?二、 现在进行时：表示现在正在进行的动作。结构：1. be 动词(is , am , are) + 动词 ing (现在分词)；is , am , are 放在主语前帮助疑问句，后面的动词加ing ;is , am , are 后面加上 not 帮助否定句，后面的动词加 ing。A. 肯定句:主语 +be (is, am, are ) +Ving+ 其它They are coming here.B. 否定句：主语 +be (is, am, are ) +not +Vi

10、ng+ 其它They aren coming here.C. 一般疑问句： be (Is, Am, Are ) +主语+ Vi ng+其它Are they coming here?D. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ be (is, am, are ) +主语+ Ving+其它 What are they doing?三、 一般过去时：表示过去某个时间里发生了的动作或状态。结构：1. 动作词用过去式(ed )；在主语前加 did 帮助疑问句，后面的动词用原形；在动作词前加 didn 帮助否定句，后面的动词用原形。2. 句子中没动作词时，用 be 动词的过去式：was , were；was , wer

11、e 放在主语前帮助疑问句；was , were 后面加上 not 帮助否定句。A. 肯定句：主语 +Ved+ 其它We came from China主语 +be (was, were)+ 其它 We were from China.B. 否定句：主语 +didn t+V + 其它We didn t come from China.主语 +be (was, were) +not+ 其它 We weren t from China.2. 句子中没动作词时，用 be 动词：is , am , are ;is , am , are 放在主语前帮助疑问句；is , am , are 后面加上 not

12、帮助否定句。3. 情态动词 can, may, should，must引起的句子是一般现在时，后面接动词用原形;can, may, should，must 放在主语前帮助疑问句，后面接动词用原形；can, may, should, must 后面加上 not 帮助否定句，后面接动词用原形。4. 肯定祈使：动词原形 +其它否定祈使句：Don +动词原形+其它5 .感叹句：What a mess! What a beautiful desert!What beautiful flowers!What+(形)名How beautiful! How beautiful the flower is!Ho

13、w beautiful the flowers are!-How+ 形C.一般疑问句：Did + 主语 +V + 其它Did you come from China?be (Was, Were)+ 主语 + 其它 Were you from Chi na?D .特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did +主语+V +其它 Where did you from?特殊疑问词 +be (was, were)+ 主语 + 其它Where were from?四、一般将来时：表示将来某个时间的动作或状态。结构:1. be going to + 动词原形is , am , are 放在主语前帮助疑问句；is , a

14、m , are 后面加上 not 帮助否定句。2. will+动词原形will 放在主语前帮助疑问句，后面接动词用原形;will 后面加上 not 帮助否定句，后面接动词用原形A.肯定句：主语 +will +V +其它主语 + be going to +V + 其它B.否定句：主语 +will not +V + 其它主语 + be not going go +V + 其它C .一般疑问句： Will+主语+V+其它Be(Is, Am, Are) + 主语 going to +V+ 其它 Is he going to did a hole?D .特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+will+主语+V+其它

15、What will he do?特殊疑问词 +be(is, am, are) + 主语 going to +V+ 其它What is he going to do?五、过去进行时：表示过去某时正在进行的动作。结构：1. be 动词（was, were） + 动词 ing ；was, were 放在主语前帮助疑问句，后面的动词加ing ;was, were 后面加上 not 帮助否定句，后面的动词加 ing。A.肯定句：主语 +be （was, were ） +VingHe was digging a hole.B.否定句：主语 +be （was, were ） +not +VingHe was

16、n tdigging a hole.C. 一般疑问句：be （Was, Were ） + 主语 + Vi ng Was he diggi ng a hole?D.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ be（was, were ）+主语+ Vi ngWhat was he doi ng（二）时态意义与结构一览表:时态时态意 义与动词主语动词形式常用时间肯定句否定句（特殊）疑问句般1.表示现 在的状 态。be动词三单isis not（疑问词）is +主语always, ofte n,nowusually,sometimes, ever,never,in the morning in the afternoon

17、,Iamam not（疑问词）am+主语you,复areare not（疑问词）are+主语2.表示 经常性习情态所有 主语can +Vcan not +V凝问词）can +主语+Vmay +Vmay not +V（疑问词）may+主语+VHe will dig a hole.He is going to dig a hole.He won t dig a hole.He isn t going to dig a hole.Will he dig a hole?现在时惯性的动作、兴趣 爱好或能 力。动词must +Vmust not +V（疑问词）must+主语+Vin the evening

18、,at night, on Sunday, everyonce a week,twice amonth,3 times a yearshould+Vshould not+V（疑问词）should+主语+V行为动词三单Vsdoes nt+V（疑问词）does +主语+V非三单Vdont +V（疑问词）do +主语+V3祈使句be无BeDon beBe quick. Don tbe worried.行 为无VDont +VListen to me.Don push.4感叹句What a mess! What a beautiful desert!What beautiful flowers!How

19、 beautiful!How beautiful the flower is!How beautiful the flowers are!一般过去时表示过去 了的动作 或状态。be动词单一 youwaswas not（疑问词）was +主语yesterday,thismorning, before that,last 复+youwerewere not（疑问词）were+主语行为所有主语Veddidn t+V（疑问词）did +主语+V现在进行时表示现在 正在进行 的动作。行为动词三单is +Vi ngis not +Ving（疑问词）is +主语+Vingnow,Listen!Look! W

20、here Iam +Vi ngam not +Ving（疑问词）am+主语+Vingyou,复are+Vi ngare not +Ving（疑问词）are+主语+ving过去进行时表示过去 某时正在 进行的动 作。行为单一 youwas+Vingwasnot +Ving（疑问词）was+主语+Vingyesterdaythismorning at that timeat nine 复+youwere+Vingwerenot+Vi ng（疑问词）were+主语+Vi ng一般将来时表示 将要 发生的动 作或 状态。1be所有主语will+ bewon t+ be（疑问词）will+主语+ bet

21、omorrow,thisevening, later, in aminute, after that,next 行为Will+ Vwont +V（疑问词）Will+主语+V2行为动词三单is going to+Vis not going to+V（疑问词）is+主语 going to+VIamgoing to+Vam not going to+V（疑问词）am+主语going to+Vyou,复are going to+Vare not going to+V（疑问词）ae+主语going to+V习题：I_ (be not) a middle school student.She _ (be)

22、 in Class Six ,Grade One .We_(be) all Y oung pioneers.Sam and I_ (be) in different classes .There _ (be) a map on the wall.There _ (be) some boats in the river.There_ (be) a pencil-box and some books in the bag .There_ (be) two bikes and a car near the house.I can _(see) some flowers on the table.Yo

23、u must_ (find) those things._ you _ (have) a new watch?Let me _ (see),please. I _ (not have) a watch .I think he _(be)back in a week.Its time _ (play) games.I want _(take) some books to the classroom .Could you _(take) it to your room ?Its snowing now. We can go out _ (play) in the snow._ (not jump) too high! Would you like_(drink) tea ?She _(like) her new skirt .The men _ (work) near the house now.123578910.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.