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1、1.(2013全国新课标卷，10)It was only after he had read the papers _ Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete. A. when B. that C. which D. what【解析】B句意：仅仅在读完文件后，克洛斯先生就意识到他面前的任务是极难完成的。该句为强调句型it isthat，所以空格处该填that。2.(2013全国新课标卷，28)The driver wanted to park his car near the road
2、side but was asked by the police _. A. not to do B. not to C. not do D. do not【解析】B句意：司机想把车停在路边，但警察要求他不要那样做。该处考查not to park the car near the roadside的省略形式。不定式符号to后的内容要全部省略。 3.(2013浙江，19)There are some health problems that, when _ in time, can become bigger ones later on.A. not treatedB. not being tr
3、eated C. not to be treatedD. not having been treated【解析】A句意：有一些健康问题，如果没有及时得到处理，以后会变成更大的问题。本句中when引导省略的时间状语从句，其完整形式应当是：when it is not treated in time。4.(2013江西，34)If _ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once. A. asked B. to ask C. asking D. having asked【解析】A句意：如果要你去照顾其他人的行李，
4、就立刻通知警察。If引导的条件句省略了主语、谓语，其完整形式应当是：If you are asked。5.(2012重庆，32)It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic _ Zheng He had sailed to East Africa. A. when B. that C. after D. since【解析】B句意：是在哥伦布穿越大西洋之前80年郑和航海到了东非。本句强调了时间状语，故B项正确。6.(2012全国新课标，28)The party will be held in the garden
5、, weather _. A. permitting B. to permit C. permitted D. permit【解析】A句意：天气允许的话，聚会将在花园里举行。从题干中的逗号来看，前后无动词连接，因此不是并列句或从句，排除D项；空格前名词weather与动词permit之间为主动关系，排除C项；B项不定式表将来，不合语境；故A项为正确选项，相当于if引导的条件从句。此处应该属于独立主格形式。7.(2012北京，31)_ at the door before you enter my room, please. A. Knock B. Knocking C. Knocked D.
6、To knock【解析】A句意：在进我的房间之前请先敲门。此句为祈使句，且句中出现连词before说明前后都为句子，故A项正确。8.(2011湖南，35)Its not what we do once in a while _ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently. A. which B. that C. how D. when【解析】B句意：不是我们偶尔而是我们始终如一做的事情塑造了我们的生活。此处构成“It isthat”强调句式。9.(2011陕西，23)It is not how much we do but how much lo
7、ve we put into what we do _ benefits our work most. A. who B. which C. that D. what【解析】C句意：不是我们做了多少，而是我们向我们所做的投入了多少热忱使我们的工作最受益。去掉It is和空白处之后，句子可还原为：Not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do benefits our work most.由此可见本题考查强调句式“It is被强调部分(Not how much we do but how much love we put i
8、nto what we do)that其他”，所以C项正确。该结构中只有被强调部分是人时才可用who替代that，其他情况都用that。10.(2011江苏，33)It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine. _， wed better take it to the garage immediately. A. Otherwise B. If not C. But for that D. If so【解析】D句意：听起来好像是车的发动机出毛病了。如果这样的话，我们最好立刻把它带到修车厂去。otherwise“否则，要不然”；if
9、 not“如果不的话”；but for that“若不是因为那样”；if so“如果是这样的话”。考点一：强调句考点一：强调句1强调句型的几种构成形式：(1)It is/was被强调部分that/who其他部分强调句强调除谓语以外的所有成分，也可以是一个句子，但必须是一个完整的结构。如：It is I who am right.(强调主语)强调人时，用that, who均可。去掉It is/wasthat/who这一结构时，原句子仍然通顺完整。如：It was him that we met at the school gate.It was in the park that Tom met
10、his friends.(2)强调句的一般疑问形式：只需把is/was提前即可(Is/was it被强调部分that/who其他部分？)。如：Was it in 1939 that the World War broke out?(3)强调句的特殊疑问句式在一般疑问句式前加特殊疑问词(疑问词is/was itthat其他部分？)。如：Who was it that broke the window?是谁把窗户打破的？When was it that you call me yesterday?你昨天什么时候给我打的电话？(4)强调句型有时可用It might bethat；It must ha
11、ve beenthat表示。如：It might be his father that you are thinking of.你想起的可能是他的父亲。It must have been his brother that you saw.你看到的想必是他的兄弟。(5) notuntil的强调句形式：It is/was not until被强调部分that其他成分。如：He didnt go to bed until 11 oclock last night.It was not until 11 oclock last night that he went to bed.他昨晚直到11点才睡觉
12、。It was not until he took off his dark glasses that I realized he was a famous film star.直到他摘下墨镜时，我才认出他是一位著名的影星。2强调句型与其他带有it的复合句型的区别：(1)与主语从句的区别：It is there that accidents often happen.(强调句)It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(主语从句)强调句与主语从句虽然在形式上很相似：都含有It is/wast
13、hat但是它们有一个很重要的区别，强调句去掉it is/wasthat之后，句子结构仍然完整，而主 语 从 句 却 不 能 这 样 ， 所 以 第 一 句 可 改 为 ：Accidents often happen there.其次，译成中文时，译法也不一样，上两句可译为：那个地方经常发生事故。英语正被接受为国际语言，这已成为一个事实。(2)与定语从句的区别：It is novels that Miss William enjoys reading.(强调宾语)威廉小姐喜欢读的是小说。It is a question that needs careful consideration.(定语从句
14、)这是一个需要仔细考虑的问题。由此可见，强调句中that没有意义，且不作任何成分，而定语从句中that作关系代词，在从句中要充当一个句子成分。(3)与状语从句的区别：强调句型与It is/was时间when从句It was at 6 oclock that I got up today.It was 6 oclock when I got up today.第一句为强调句型，强调时间状语，介词at与时间名词6 oclock一起作状语。第二句是状语从句，it指时间，时间名词6 oclock作表语，when引导时间状语从句。强调句型与It is时间since从句It issince表示“自从以来已
15、有(时间)”，注意两个句型中时态一般不同。试比较：It was two years ago that I began to learn English.我两年前才开始学英语的。It is two years since I began to learn English.我已经学了两年英语。强调句也可用一般现在时。如：It is two hours that he spends on English every day.他每天花2小时学英语。强调句型与It is/was not long before从句试比较：It was two years before he came back from
16、abroad.It was two years later that he came back from abroad.两个句子都意为“他两年后回国的”，第一句中it指时间，before引导状语从句，第二句中强调状语two years later。考点二：倒装句考点二：倒装句1全部倒装即谓语动词在主语的前面。这类句型主要有以下几种形式：(1)在there be句型中(其中be动词还可换成seem，live，stand，lie，appear，exist，come等动词)要全部倒装。如：Long long ago, there lived a king who liked horse very m
17、uch.很久以前，有一位国王很喜欢马。Since you have repaired my TV set, there is no need for me to buy a new one.既然你已经修好了我的电视机，我没必要买一台新的。(2) such在句中作表语或定语位于句首时，要倒装。如：Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.爆炸力如此之大，以致所有的窗户都震破了。Such a moving film was it that they were all lost in thought af
18、ter it was over.电影如此感人以致让他们看后陷入沉思。(3)以there，here，now，then等引起的句子中，谓语动词常为be，come，go等，要用全部倒装。如：Here are some picturebooks.这儿是些连环书画。Then came a new difficulty.接着来了新的问题。若主语是代词则不用倒装。如：Here they are.他们在这儿。(4)以“down，up，out，away”等表示位置转移的副词位于句首时，要倒装。如：Up went the arrow into the sky.箭冲上了天空！In came the teacher.
19、老师进来了。但主语为代词时，句子不能倒装。如：Out he rushed.他冲了出去。(5)方位介词补语作状语位于句首，变成强调地点时，句子要倒装。如：On the top of the hill stands a temple where the old man once lived.那位老人曾经居住过的庙在山顶上。In a lecture hall of a university in England sat a professor.在英格兰的一所大学的学术讲座厅里坐着一位教授。(6)形容词和分词作表语提到句首时，为了描述生动或平衡句子结构时，要倒装。如：Standing beside t
20、he window was a boy aged about 6.一个大约6岁的孩子站在窗户旁。Seated in the first line are some advanced workers.几名先进工人坐在第一排。2部分倒装只把谓语的一部分(多为助动词或情态动词)置于主语之前的句子，为部分倒装句。其类型主要有：(l)only修饰状语位于句首时，谓语部分要倒装。如：Only then did I realize the importance of mathematics.仅在那时我才意识到数学的重要性。Only in this way can you solve this problem
21、.只有通过此方法，你才能解决这个问题。注意：only修饰主语时，不能倒装。如：Only he/Tom knows the secret.只有他/汤姆知道这个秘密。(2)so系动词/助动词/情态动词主语，用在肯定句中表示“也一样”时，要倒装。如：I went there yesterday, so did she.我昨天去了那儿，她也去了。注意：若两个动词的形式不一样时，就得用So it is with，或It is the same with。如：Jane is a good student and works hard. 简是一个好学生，学习很努力。So it is with Tom.汤姆也
22、是一样。 若两个主语一致时，则表示强调，不能倒装，此时so表示“的确如此”。如：It was cold yesterday.昨天很冷。So it was.的确如此。(3)neither，nor表示“也不”，要倒装。如：Tom doesnt like bananas, neither/nor do I.汤姆不喜欢香蕉，我也不喜欢。If you dont go to the concert tonight, neither/nor will I.如果你今晚不去听音乐会，我也不去。(4)否定词置于句首时，要倒装。这样的副词有：never，no，hardly，scarcely，barely，seldo
23、m，little，not，no time，in no case，under/in no circumstances等。如：Not a single mistake did he make.他没犯一点错误。Never before have I seen such a moving film.我以前从未看过这么动人的电影。(5)几个复合句型的倒装：notuntil(直到才)，如：Not until he returned did we have supper.直到他回来我们才吃饭。no soonerthan/hardlywhen/scarcelywhen(一就)，如：No sooner had
24、the bell rung than the teacher came in.铃声一响，老师就进来了。not onlybut also(不但而且)，如：Not only was he forced to stay home, but also he had to do his homework.他不仅被强制待在家，还得完成他的家庭作业。sothat(如此以致)，如：So clearly does he speak that we all understand what he says.他说得很清楚以至于我们都能理解他说的。neithernor(既不也不)，如：Neither has he ca
25、lled on her, nor will he do so.他没有拜访她，并且将来也不拜访她。动词/名词/形容词/副词/不定代词as或though主语谓语作让步状语的倒装。如：(名词)Child as he is, he knows a lot.(动词)Object as you may, I will go.(副词)Hard as/though she had worked, she failed the exam.(形容词)Poor as he may be, he lives a happy life.(代词)Much as I told you, you didnt listen.t
26、he morethe more(越就越)，如：The more you learn，the more equipped for life you are.The harder you work，the greater progress youll make.3其他形式的倒装(1)虚拟条件句中，省略if，把were/should/had提到句首。如：Had it not been for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the film so often.If it had not been for the free tickets，Should it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Great Wall.If it should rain tomorrow，(2)表示祝愿的语句。如：May you succeed! Long live the friendship between us!
高三英语一轮复习（自主复习+考点演练+真题集训）语法篇 特殊句式课件
