高考英语一轮总复习 Module6 Unit1 Laughter is good for you（2）语法精讲篇课件 新人教版

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1、Module 6 Unit 1 Laughter is good for you（2）1、 make sure 弄明白，设法确保弄明白，设法确保To make sure that he was at home, I called him up in advance. 为了确定他在家，我事先打电话给他。 make believe 假装 make it 及时到达；成功 make love (to) 向求爱 make ones way 前去；去 make up 和好；化妆；捏造，虚构(故事、诗等)make up for 补偿make out of 用制造， 理解， 了解 make the bed 铺

2、床make the tea 沏茶make coffee 煮咖啡make a close study 仔细研究make a claim 要求make a plain 订计划make certain 弄清楚，查明 make sth. out 开具，填写(表格或文件)make out that从句/what 从句 主张，声张/分清make ends meet 使收支平衡make excuses 制造借口make a fool of sb. 愚弄某人make fun of 嘲弄；拿开玩笑make good use of make most of (充分)利用This years good harves

3、t will _ last years bad one. A. make into B. make up for C. make it D. make out forBmake up for 弥补。He made himself _ be a millionaire. A. out to B. up for C. to D. out forAmake sb. out to be sth. 把某人说成2、 take on 接纳，雇用；开始从事；呈现(新的面貌)The factory is taking on more men. 那个工厂将招收更多的工人。He was always ready t

4、o take on the hardest job. 他总是愿意干最艰难的工作。The land around the lake took on a different look. 湖四周的土地面貌发生了变化。This old term has taken on a new meaning. 这个旧词有了新的意义。 take a chance 碰运气take a vote 表决take advantage of 利用takeas 把当作take care 当心，注意take charge of 负责，掌管takefor example 以为例take hold of 抓住be taken in

5、 被欺骗take interest in 对感兴趣take it easy 放松take notice of 注意take a day off 休假一天take office 就职take part in 参加take the place of 代替take pride in 以为自豪 Advice has been given that we should _ the fine weather these days to get in all the crops. A. take charge of B. take advantage of C. take account of D. tak

6、e notice ofB这里表示“充分利用”好天气把所有的庄稼收回来。 My study of biology has _ much of my spare time, but it has given me a great deal of enjoyment. A. taken in B. taken down C. taken up D. taken awayC生物科的学习占去了我大量的业余时间。 After the students put up a Christmas tree in the centre, the classroom _ a holiday appearance. 同

7、学们在教室中央放了一棵圣诞树，教室里呈现出一派节日景象。took on The story then _ a classic love triangle between Calaf, Turandot and Liu. 故事随后演绎了发生在卡拉夫、图兰朵和柳儿之间的经典三角恋情。takes on3、 hold out 维持；保持；带来维持；保持；带来(希望希望)；使有；使有(可能可能)；拿出；拿出How long can we hold out against these attacks? 我们对这些攻击能抵抗多久？His parents hold out much hope for his

8、education in university. 他的父母对他的大学学习抱很大的希望。hold back 阻止，阻挡hold on 别挂；等一等；坚持hold on to 坚守；保留(房屋、财产等)；抓住hold water 经得起检验，站得住脚 Is Peter there? _ (稍等) please. Ill see if I can find him for you.Hold on4、 make fun of 取笑取笑People make fun of her because she always speaks foolishly. 人们嘲笑她，因为她常说傻话。 Its cruel

9、to make fun of people who stammer. 嘲笑口吃的人未免不近人情。 Dont make fun of the poor boy. 不要取笑那个可怜的孩子。 That will teach him a lesson! It doesnt pay to make fun of the law, my man! 那会给他一个教训！与法律开玩笑绝不会有好下场，我的老弟。 Whatever the reason, research shows that in the end, the English saying Laughter is the best medicine,

10、 may be true after all.无论什么原因，最后研究显示，英语谚语无论什么原因，最后研究显示，英语谚语“笑是最好的笑是最好的良药，良药，”也许是真的。也许是真的。这是一个复合句，其中含有一个whatever 引导的让步状语从句，reason 后面省略了is，另外that引导一个宾语从句。Whatever/No matter what happens, Ill be right there for you.不管发生什么，我都会站在你这边。whateverThe pandas are very dear to human beings. So people have been do

11、ing they take to save them.熊猫是人类亲密的朋友。所以人们竭尽所能去拯救它们。1. A本题考查非谓语动词。keep sb./sth.done，根据句意，sb.与它后面的动词构成被动关系，故选A。1. Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues _ with her stories.(2010上海) A. amused B. amusing C. to amuse D. to be amused2. C表示成千上万的外宾被吸引来参加上海的世博会。2. Thousands of fore

12、igners were _ to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened.(2010江苏) A. attended B. attained C. attracted D. attached 3. C考查主语从句。句意：这个村庄的每一个人都非常友好，不管你是暂住的还是常住的。题干中含有两个句子，在第二个句子中，it是形式主语，whether引导真正的主语。根据题干中的or可以马上判断出答案。3. Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesnt matter _ you have lived the

13、re for a short or a long time. (2012湖南) A. why B. how C. whether D. when段落的基本结构在学会写句的基础上，就可以开始学习如何将句子有序地连贯起来，这就组成了段落。段落是构成语篇的基础。1. 段落的基本结构段落(Paragraph)是由阐述同一主题紧密相关的若干句子组成，是一则语意完整、和谐统一的语篇。一般说来，一个段落由3部分组成：主题句、扩展句和结论句。主题句提出论述的主题，扩展句利用必要的细节对主题加以论证说明，结论句总结全文，在论证的基础上得出结论。三者相辅相成，按逻辑顺序安排句子，并通过一些过渡句，构成一完整短文。

14、On Safety Accidents are todays most frequent cause of death in Children. Accidents occur to children in all sorts of places at home, on the street, at school, on public playgrounds, at places to swim, and on camping trips. There are now many more chances for accidents than there used to be. Automobi

15、les, power tools, electric wiring, and easy ways of starting fire are some examples. Most accidents are caused by carelessness. A great deal of effort should be taken to let children know the importance of safety. Safety is everyones business. 分析：在这一段落中，句即为主题句，阐述段落的中心思想；句，和为发展句，列举原因、例子等来丰富和阐明中心思想；句为

16、结尾句，与主题句相呼应，概括该段落的真正含义。 2. 段落的主题句主题句(Topic sentence)概括段落的主要内容，交代下文欲加以说明、解释、论证的观点，限制着主题在段落中讨论的范围、文章发展的模式，是整个段落的纲领。3. 段落的扩展句扩展句(Supporting sentence)的作用是丰富、支持、扩展主题句的内涵。扩展部分的阐述要透彻，证明要充分，举例有条理，符合思想逻辑。扩展句的表达形式多种多样，可以按时间或空间顺序，从整体到局部或从局部到整体的方法进行叙述、描写、说明或议论，也可用比较、对比、比喻、推导、归纳、演绎等手段来展现。扩展句须服从主题表达的需要，不应该涉及与主题无关

17、或关系较远的内容。4. 段落的结论句结论句(Concluding sentence)也称总结句，它标志着段落的结束，自然应位于一段的结尾。结论句可用来重述主题、提供问题的解决方式，对未来进行预测，提出问题让读者思考，或对全段内容加以概述。结论之前常会出现 in short, in a word, therefore等词语。但并非所有的段落都需要结论句，有的也可采用自然结束的方式。 结论句在注意总结与呼应主题句的基础上，用一个短短的感叹句、问句、一句话概括、一个比喻、一句挑战性的话或一句名言将全段“拔高”一下，效果会更好。参阅下面主题句与结论句呼应的例子： 主题句： Only a mothers

18、 love is selfless love! 结尾句： What great love this is! 主题句： Life is limited, but knowledge is boundless. 结尾句： How important it is to read good books!从以上的例子，我们可以清楚地看出主题句和结论句的关系，结论句在意思上和主题句保持一致，与主题句紧密呼应，但又不是简单的重复。例运用感叹句，例运用一句总结，它们都起到强化主题思想的作用，给读者留下了较深的印象。结论句并非必不可少，但它能起到以下的作用：(1)表示段落的结束；(2)总结要点，与主题句相呼应；

19、(3)使读者就本段落的主要内容和见解有一个深刻的印象或进行思考。.阅读下面一个段落并划分段落 Nowadays we are required to do research work apart from the lessons we learn in school. We are very interested in this kind of activity. Last term our group made a study of the pollution in a river in my hometown. The river used to be clean, but now it

20、is dirty and the water gives off a terrible smell. Our research shows that the river is mainly polluted by the waste water from the factories. Waste water from peoples daily life and agricultural chemicals also lead to the pollution of the river. To deal with the problem, we call for people to be aw

21、are of how serious the situation is and do something about it. Through our research，not only did we gain practical experience, but also we developed various abilities. We find such research very valuable and helpful. 两句为第一段；为第二段；为第三段.从下面方框内选择适当的过渡词填入空白处 In the past twenty years or so, great advances

22、 have taken place in the world. _， we have seen one of the most important advances in agriculture the Green Revolution. _ this advance we can now produce more food with less land. _， industry has been made more and more automatic. _，few and few people are needed to operate factories and officesbecau

23、se of, first, second, as a result, therefore, finally, in addition. _， to explore the unknown world, more and more satellites have been launched and more and more astronauts have been sent into outer space. _， new products of all kinds have been produced. _， our life has become much better and much

24、comfortable.First; Because of; Second; Therefore; In addition; Finally; As a result.用所给主题句运用因果关系手法，将下列词或短语组成一个连贯的段落主题句：As a student, I completely agree with the suggestion that students should have a television lounge(休息室)(1)necessary keep pace current affairs(2)solve the problem noise in the classr

25、oom because no other place relax(3)a good way have some fun As a student, I completely agree with the suggestion that students should have a television lounge. First, a TV lounge is necessary to those who want to keep pace with current affairs. Second, it can help solve the problem of the noise in t

26、he classrooms caused by the students who are chatting and laughing loudly because they have no place to go to relax. Indeed, many students want to have a place to relax after a day of hard work. Watching TV is a good way for the students to enrich their sparetime activities and have some fun. As a r

27、esult, the opening of a TV lounge would be important both to the students who want to have a quiet place to study and to those who want to relax.名词性从句名词性从句(1)在主从复合句中，从句可以充当主句的主语、表语、宾语或同位语。由于在多数情况下，主语、表语、宾语或同位语这4种句子成分由名词性词类充当，所以，我们把这些作用相当于名词的从句统称为名词性从句，把充当主语、表语、宾语或同位语的从句分别称为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句或同位语从句。名词性从句

28、由连接词(或关联词)引导。常用的连接词有：连接词作用whether 是否that (本身无词义)只起连接词作用，引导从句，在从句中不作任何成分who, whom, whosewhich 哪一个what 什么，所的在从句中分别作主语、宾语和定语在从句中分别作主语、宾语和定语在从句中分别作主语、宾语和定语when什么时候，where什么地方how怎样、怎么，why为什么除了起连接词作用外，还在从句中作状语疑问词(who, whom, whose, what, which, where, why, when, how)可以引导主语、宾语和表语从句。它们的特点是：疑问词有本身的词义；疑问词在从句中担当

29、句子成分，如主语、宾语或状语；这种疑问词引导的从句一律用陈述语序，不能用疑问语序。She asked me where I had been.(宾语从句)What you have done might do harm to other people. (主语从句)What I want to know is where he has gone for his weekend.(表语从句)一、主语从句1作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，

30、why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义，又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。Where the party will be held has not yet been announced. 聚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。That she is a rich woman is known to us all.众所周知，她是个富有的女人。2从句作主语时，多数情况下由 it 作形式主语，而把主语从句放在后面，尤其是谓语部分(包括宾语)较短的情况下。It wasnt very clear what she meant.不清楚她是什么意思。It

31、 is important that he should come on time.他按时来是很重要的。3whether 可以引导主语从句，常与or not 连用。if不能引导主语从句。Whether I knew John doesnt matter. It doesnt matter whether I knew John. 我是否认识约翰没有关系。Whether or not shell come isnt clear. Whether shell come or not isnt clear. It isnt clear whether她是否来还不清楚。4注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、

32、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) do”，常用的句型有：It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) thatIt is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) thatIt is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that二、宾语从句名词性从句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句、表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。1.由连接词that引导宾语从句时，

33、that在句中不充当任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但若从句是并列句时，第二个分句前的that不可省。He has told me (that) he will go to Shanghai tomorrow and that we can stay here for another day. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海，我们还可以在这儿待上一天。2在demand, order, suggest, decide, insist, desire, request, command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“(should) 动词原形”。I insist t

34、hat she (should) do her work alone.我坚持要她自己工作。3用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。I want to know what he has told you.我想知道他告诉了你什么。She always thinks of how she can work well.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。4用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠

35、倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if 在作“是否”的意思时一般只能用whether，不用if。以下情况也要用whether：引导主语从句并在句首时；引导表语从句时；引导从句作介词宾语时；从句后有“or not”时；后接动词不定式时。Everything depends on whether we have enough money.一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。I wonder whether he will come or not.我想知道他来还是不来。5注意宾语从句中的时态呼应。当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况而使用。当主句动词是过去时态(could, would除外)

36、，从句则要用相应的过去时态，当从句表示的是客观真理、科学原理、自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America.(主句是一般过去时，从句为过去完成时)6如果从句作宾语而后面还有补语，为了保持句子的平衡，用it 作形式宾语，而将宾语从句放在句尾。常跟这样的复合宾语的动词有：make, find, see, hear, feel, think, consider, regard, takefor granted等。George made it clear that he opposed this project.

37、乔治已明确表示他反对这个项目。I took it for granted that youd stay with us.我想当然认为你会和我们待在一起。三、同位语从句1同位语从句是对名词的内容给予具体、详细的说明。常在后面接同位语从句的名词有fact, news, idea, truth, hope, suggestion, question, problem, doubt, fear, belief, advice, demand, information, message, order, promise, request, wish, word等。同位语从句常用的引导词为that，有时也用

38、when, where 等关系词。The idea that you can do this task well without thinking is quite wrong.你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。The difficulty lies in the fact that we are short of money.困难在于我们缺乏资金这个事实。2同位语从句与定语从句的区别。同位语从句的that 只是引导词，没有其他语法作用，在句子中不作句子成分，不能省略；定语从句中的that 除了引导定语从句外，还是定语从句的一个成分，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不能省略，

39、作宾语时可以省略。The idea that he proposed at the meeting is sheer nonsense. 他在会议上提出的这个想法简直荒谬。(定语从句)No one is happy with the fact that he will become their boss.没有人对他将成为他们的老板这一事实感到高兴。(同位语从句)四、表语从句1表语从句位于主句的连系动词之后，在非正式文体中引导词that可以省略。Thats why I have come.那就是我为什么来了。What I want to know is where we shall go and

40、 whether she will join us. 我想知道的是我们要去什么地方以及她是否加入我们。2表语从句还可由as if (好像)引导。It looked as if it was/were going to rain.好像要下雨了。3当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning.他迟到的原因是他今天早晨差一分钟没赶上火车。4whether 可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。

41、1. She promised _ he had enough money she would marry him. A. that B. if C. that if D. if that C其余几项均有可能误选。句子的正常词序为 She promised that she would marry him if he had enough money. 由于将条件状语从句 if he had enough money 插入动词 promised 与其宾语从句之间，从而导致许多同学误选。另外，本来动词 promise 后接宾语从句时，引导宾语从句的 that 是可以省略的，但是按英语习惯，当动词

42、与其宾语从句之间插有其他成分时，引导宾语从句的 that 通常不宜省略，所以此题不宜选B。2. He told me the news, believe it or not, _ he had earned $1 000 in a single day. A. that B. which C. as D. becauseA此题容易误选B，误认为这是非限制性定语从句。其实此题应选 A，that 引导的是一个用以修饰名词 the news 的同位语从句。3. Dont you know, my dear friend, _ it is you that she loves? A. who B. which C. that D. whatC此题容易误选 A或B，选 A 者认为这是指人的，故用 who；选B者认为这是非限制性定语从句，两者都是误认为这是定语从句(注意没有先行词)，其实此题应选C，它引导的是一个宾语从句，只是被其中的插入语 my dear friend 隔开罢了。其实此句也可说成 My dear friend, dont you know that it is you that she loves?