中西方性教育差异对中国性教育的启示

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1、.2015届本科毕业论文题目：中西方性教育差异对中国性教育的启示院 系 名 称： 外国语言文学系 专 业 名 称： 英 语 学 号： SY1103423 姓 名： 周柳蓉 指 导 教 师（职称）： 康静（助教) Awah Alfred F.(外教) 教务处制二一五年五月精品.A Study of the Enlightenment of the Disparitiesbetween Chinese and Western Sexual Educationon Chinese 

2、Sexual EducationA Thesis Submittedto Shiyuan College ofGuangxi Teachers Education Universityin Partial Fulfillment of the Requirementsfor the Degree of Bachelor of ArtsByZhou Liurong Supervisor：Kang Jing精品.May, 2015精品.摘要随着改革开放进程的加快，西方的性文化已经渗入到中国这样一个深受儒家思想影响性作为一种禁忌的国家。随着时间的流逝，在21世纪许多中国人已经开始接受性教育

3、对孩子的成长重要性。然而,根据比较和分析中国和西方之间的差异的性教育，发现大多数西方国家的性教育做得比中国的好,特别是发达国家。因此,本文旨在比较和分析西方和中国之间的性教育，找出目前中国性教育的存在的问题并尝试给出一些相应的建议。通过发现中国和西方的性教育的差距,作者可以得到一些启示,提出了一些可行性的措施来改善中国的性教育的现状。在中国性教育的改善需要改变陈旧的性观念,明确和完善性教育的内容。这些过程的实施，都需要政府、学校、家长以及社会的共同合作。总之，本文主要通过讨论性教育中国和西方之间的差异,并尝试借鉴一些西方的性教育策略,让中国人民进一步理解和接受性教育，最后支持性教育的发展。同时

4、,本文也旨在帮助中国的中小学生学生更多地了解性知识,指导他们处理关于性的问题和消除性烦恼,还有学会保护自己。性教育也可以完美人格,提高自己的品质,在科学的性教育指导下,中国的中小学生才会变得健康,社会也因此更加和谐和稳定。关键词：性教育；中西方；差异；启示精品.AbstractSince reform and opening up, the western sexual culture has penetrated into China, a country that influenced by Confucianism heavily and where sex is a taboo. As

5、 time goes by, people in China have gradually accepted the importance of sex education for children in the 21st century. However, the comparison and analysis of the disparities of sex education between Chinese and western shows that most western countries did well than China in term of sex education

6、, especially these developed countries. Therefore, the thesis aims to figure out the existing problems of the current Chinese sexual education and try to give some advises accordingly through the comparison and analysis of sexual education between west and China. Through finding out the disparities

7、of Chinese and western sexual education, the author can get some enlightenment and come up with some feasibility measures to improve the status quo of our sexual education at last. The improvement of sexual education in China needs to change the old idea of sex education and make clear the significa

8、nce of sex education, then perfect and popularize the content of sex education. All these processes are going to need the cooperation of governments, schools and parents.Therefore, this paper is going to discuss the differences of the sexual education between China and the west, and try to learn som

9、ething from the western sexual education so as to make Chinese people further understand and accept sexual education and support the development of sexual education finally. At the same time, this paper also aims to help Chinese primary and second schools students know more about sexual knowledge wh

10、ich will guide them to deal with the problems about sex and to eliminate sexual annoyances, then protect themselves. Sexual education can also perfect their personality and improve their own quality. With the guiding of scientific sexual education, the Chinese primary and second schools students wil

11、l grow healthily and the society can be more harmonious and stable. Key words: Sex Education; Enlightenment; Disparities精品.CONTENTS Chapter One Introduction.1 1.1 Research Background and Motivation.1 1.2 Literature Review.1 Chapter Two The Sexual Education between Western and Chinese.4 2.1 The

12、Sex Education of the Western.4 2.2 The Development of Sexual Education in China.5 2.3 The Current Situation of Chinese Sexual Education.5Chapter Three The Disparities of Sexual Education between Chinese and Western.6 3.1 The Concepts of Sex Education.6 3.2 The Contents of Sex Educatio

13、n.6 3.3 The Executors of Sexual Education.7 3.4 The Age of Accepting Sexual Education.7 3.5 The Approaches.7Chapter Four The Enlightenment from the Disparities of Sexual Education on Chinese Sexual Education. 9 4.1 The Government.9 4.1.1 Publicize the Important of Sex Education and Ensure Its Implem

14、entation.9 4.1.2 Establish National Research Institutions and Implementation Organizations in the Sex Education.10 4.1.3 Build Sexual Educational Systems at Primary and Secondary Schools with Chinese Characteristic.104.2 The Implementation Strategies of Sexual Education at Primary and Secondary Scho

15、ols.11 4.2.1 Educational Administration Departments Transform Concepts and Enact Curriculum.11 4.2.2 Cultivate the Professional Teachers of Sex Education andGuarantee Teaching Time.11 4.2.3 Explore Diverse Methods to Build the Curriculum of Sex Education with Chinese Characteristics under the Guidan

16、ce of Unified Educational Outline.12精品. 4.2.4 Establish Patriarch Schools.13 4.3 Family Sex Education is the Basis and Supplement of the School Sex Education.14 4.4 Social Sex Education is the Powerful Promotion.14Chapter Five Conclusion.15 5.1 Major Findings and Implications.15 5.2 Limitation of th

17、e Study &Recommendations for Further Research.15References.17Acknowledgements.18精品.Chapter One Introduction1.1 Research Background and MotivationWith the increasing of the news about sexual assault in China these years, more and more Chinese students, especially teenagers suffer a great deal fro

18、m these invasions. At the same time, the numbers of underage girls who fall pregnant end up having an abortion grow rapidly. The existing loopholes in the Chinese sex education can find its responsibilities of these sad news.Thus, it is urgent to improve Chinese sexual education. In order to change

19、the current situation of Chinese sexual education, the author did many researches on western sexual education and made comparisons with Chinese sexual education, and found that most western countries did well than China, especially these developed countries.According to these disparities of sexual E

20、ducation between Chinese and western, the author wants to get some enlightenment to Chinese sexual education and so as to reach the following goals: complete Chinese sex education, meet Chinese students requirements about sexual knowledge, thereby guide them to deal with the problems

21、about sex, eliminate their sexual annoyances. At the same time, It can also perfect their personality and improve their own quality. The most important is to strengthen their self-protection awareness. To do that, Chinese students can be group healthily under the guiding of science sexual education.

22、 These studies also aim to carry forward sexual science, propose sexual civilization, popularize sex education so that promote sexual health, make Chinese students can be self-possessed, self-awareness, self-respecting, self-love, self-control, and then promote social stability and unity as well as

23、the socialist cultural ethical progress. It is not only the Chinese sexual education but also the objective requirement of social development. 1.2 Literature ReviewIt is necessary and compulsory to learn about western sexual education so as to complete Chinese sexual education. Their experience is v

24、ery helpful to improve the current laggard situation of Chinese sexual education. There are several studies defining the meaning of sexual education. According to the definition of WHO (2006:29): “sexual health refers to a kind of comprehensive state that associated with individual sexual behavior.

25、Achievement of sexual health needs the implementation of sex education”. Kingdergarten (2004) put forward: “sexual education is to provide people with correct sexual idea and scientific sexual information, to make people do the right choice for sexual health in the current and future. Sex education

26、involves sexual development, reproductive health, interpersonal relationship, emotion, intimacy, gender”.精品.From above studies, it clears the significance of sexual education. While, there is no clear definition about sexual education in China. However, there are many people made studies on the comp

27、arison of Chinese and western sexual education. In 2008, Li ( put forward that western sexual education is earlier than Chinese, they have made some mistakes in the process of sexual education, but they all have adjusted the content and approaches of sexual education, then have made great success in

28、 the sexual education. Hu ( “Sweden is the first country implement adolescent sexual education in the world”. Liao ( pointed out that: “There are five prominent features about Swedish sexual education: first, it emphasizes practicability. Swedish sexual education is science and objective which avoid

29、 going around in a circle. Furthermore, the implementation time of sex education is very early. The parents carry on the sexual education to their children when they are young. Third, they promote positive sexual education. Sweden emphasizes “sex education is not reproductive level, but as a person

30、education. Fourth, it spreads widely. There is not only integrated course system of sexual education at schools, but also every field over Swedish. Fifth, it establishes an extensive international cooperation” .Thus, it can be seen that Swedish sexual education really made a great success, and it精品.

31、s very helpful to improve and perfect Chinese sexual education if we can refer to some approaches from Swedish sexual education. Sun ( said that: “American sexual education more and more advocates protect virginity. America is one of the first countries of advocating sexual education. In the1960s, t

32、he Britain began to implement the safe sexual behavior of condom, on the account of lacking of moral constrains leaded to moral degeneration and the disorder of social sexual behavior. British government reflected the mistake of sexual education, and stared to emulate American contraceptive educatio

33、n, and promoted the movement of “the joy of no sex”, for educating boys and girls to keep their chastity. Its also been emphasized that if teenagers kept their chastity is equal to keep their happiness”. As mentioned above studies, we can see that American sexual education is creative, at the same t

34、ime, we can learn a lesson from the mistakes of sexual education between British and American, and in turn, avoid to repeat the same failures.According to the investigation of Chinese sexual education, Zhang ( said that: “Chinese teenagers get 30 percent sexual knowledge mainly from network books an

35、d periodicals. And there are just 4 percent sexual knowledge getting from parents”. Wang (精品. said “In fact, with the improvement of life level, Chinese teenagers get into adolescence earlier one year than ten years ago. But there isnt popularize the sexual education of the adolescence and there wer

36、e more and more teenagers getting hurt because lack of correct guidance of sexual education”. He also said that: “ There are different views about adolescent sexual education at schools: some of them think adolescent sexual education is not essential, the other schools hold that it is difficult to i

37、mplement sexual education; they even think it should belong to parents responsibility. At the same time, the adolescent sexual education is not scientific enough, the content is narrow and incomplete, the methods and approaches of sexual education lacks of practical applicability. The incorrect teac

38、hing method and ideology of sexual education often take education into dead zone”.It is obvious that compared with western, Chinese sexual education started fairly late, and the content is not complete, there are many shortages what is bad for Chinese healthy education. Many researches show that we

39、can get some enlightenment from western sex education. Liao ( said that: “Chinese sexual education should possess comprehensive content, professional sexual educator, diversified approaches of the sexual education”. Li ( said that Chinese government and related education department should pay more a

40、ttention to support sexual education. Zou ( pointed out that school, family and society can work together, unify the goal, to make children accept synchronous education. However, there are many Chinese scholars provide constructive proposals, which is really helpful to change the current situation o

41、f sexual education, but most of them didnt be implemented. In summary, the sexual education aims to enable children to learn more about themselves, learn to love themselves and the others, then to respect other people精品. bodies and feeling, finally to protect themselves and their privacy. Therefore,

42、 this thesis lays its emphasis on summing up the disparities of sexual education between western and Chinese and to provide feasibility approaches to change the current situation of sexual education. So that Chinese teenagers can grow healthily.Chapter Two The Sexual EducationBetween Western an

43、d Chinese 2.1 The Sex Education of the WesternSweden is the first country which implements adolescent sexual education in the world. Sweden established National Education Association as early as 1933. In 1942, it started to carry on sex education at compulsory schools. In 1957, the Swedish sate educ

44、ation commission made the guiding syllabus. In 1970, sex education expended to all schools in Sweden. Thus, Swedish sexual education really made a great success. American sexual education more and more advocates protect virginity. America is one of the first countries of advocating sexual education.

45、 In1966, America passed bill to encourage citizens to marry and implement abstinence education, then the federal government put 5 billion dollar into sexual education, and made clear that they didnt support contraceptive education. This bill got many support from patriarch and teachers, therefore, c

46、ontraceptive education gradually been implemented in United States on the basis of personal education. In the1960s, the Britain began to implement the safe sexual behavior of condom on the account of lacking of moral constrains leaded to moral degeneration and the disorder of social sexual behavior.

47、 British government reflected the mistake of sexual education, and stared to emulate American contraceptive education, and promoted the movement of “the joy of no sex”, for educating boys and girls to keep their chastity. Its also been emphasized that if teenagers kept their chastity is equal to kee

48、p their happiness. The Dutch sexual idea is opener than any countries in the world, in the Dutch, children from 6 years old begin to accept sexual education. Even though Dutch stipulates that the adolescents who are more than 12 years old can have sex legally, in European countries, the Dutch rate o

49、f teenagers unmarried pregnancy is the lowest and the average age of first sexual intercourse between teenagers is later than the UK. 2.2 The Development of Sexual Education in ChinaIn 1963, the premier Zhou Enlai put forward that the knowledge of sexual health should be delivered to teenagers. In 1

50、970s, Zhou Enlai gave instructions to the Physical Hygiene, a teaching material contains substantial knowledge about physiology and sexual psychology. 精品.In 1979, the ministry of education and health jointly produced The Regulations of Health Work at Primary and Middle School Student. 1986, Yao Peik

51、uan who worked at adolescent research institution in Shanghai published the first reference book The Education of Adolescent, a book refers to sexual education. In 1996, sexual education began to popularized through China. In 2002, the first teaching marital of adolescent sexual education published.

52、 However, it wasnt popularized in China. The education department didnt formulate the educational syllabus and standard. 2.3 The Current Situation of Chinese Sexual EducationAccording to a data survey in China, the sexual maturity age of adolescent has been forward to 11 years old, it is earlier tha

53、n 1970s about 3 to 4 years old. Many high-grade primary school students have begun to develop, and have strong demand to the sexual knowledge, but they just know a little about it.At the present, Chinese sexual education at schools has some breakthrough, but according to the state of teenagers devel

54、opment, it is not enough. The Population and Family Planning Law of the People's Republic of China has stipulated that schools should designedly carry on physical hygiene education, adolescent education and sexual health education. But there still is lack of appropriate curriculum at the sc

55、hools. There are a lot of different profundity of sexual education at all schools, it lacks of teaching methods and educate system, which is science and complete. Chinese teachers of sexual health education, both of the quality and quantity are inferior to western. A number of families in contempora

56、ry China think that sex education is insignificant, even some parents regard sex as an ugly thing, they apply the violence to subdue the questions what the children talk about sex, or avoid the question with the methods of silence and interrupt, or deceive children with self-righteous white lies. However, many Chinese parents dont notice that a lot of children get the information of sex from television, newspaper and magazines, network, where cover a mass of inf