医学英语词根

《医学英语词根》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《医学英语词根（18页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、Suffix Meaning Example -acpertainingto属于，关于cardiac:pertainingtotheheart心脏（病）的-alpertainingtomedical:pertainingtomedicine-arpertainingtomolecular:pertainingtoamolecule分子的-arypertainingtobelongingtociliary:pertainingtothecilia睫毛的,纤毛的,毛状的 -aseenzyme酶 amylase:anyenzymethatconvertsstarchtosugar淀粉酶 -clesm

2、allness小,少,贫乏,小气 follicle:asmallbodilycavityorsac小囊,(头发的)毛囊 -eaninstrument仪器 auriscope:aninstrumentforexaminingtheear(检查耳朵用的)耳镜 -ealpertainingtolaryngeal:pertainingtothelarynx喉的,喉音的 -iacondition;qualityphobia:abnormalfear恐惧，害怕 -icpertainingtotoxic:pertainingtotoxin有毒的；因中毒引起的-icsstudyof;nameofascienc

3、epaediatrics:studyofchildren,theirdevelopmentanddiseases儿科学 -ine/insubstance物质 insulin：substance(hormone)producedbytheisletsofLangerhansinthepancreas 胰岛素-ismprocessorconditionalcoholism:excessivedrinkingofalcoholwhichbecomesaddictive酒精中毒 -istonewhospecializesin精通于的人pharmacologist:adoctorwhospecializ

4、esinthestudyofdrugs药理专家 -itisinflammationreferstoapartin部位的炎症rhinitis:inflammationofthenasalpassages鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎-(i)umrelationtoawhole;relatedto与相关endometrium:innerliningoftheuter子宫内膜 -ivecharacterizesbyantitussive:adrugthatsuppressescoughing止咳药-lettiny;smalldroplet:atinydrop小滴 -menttheresultorproductofa

5、nactiondevelopment:thingwhichdevelopsorisbeingdeveloped;actionofbecomingmature请预览后下载！-oidresembling;like像mucoid:resemblingmucus粘液样的-olelittle;smallcentriole:thesmalldensestructureinthemiddleofthecentrosome细胞中心粒；中心体-omatumor;swellingreferstoadoerdermatofibroma:fibroustumoroftheskin皮肤纤维瘤-or/-ereithera

6、personorthingreceptor:asensorynerveendingthatrespondstovariousstimuli感受器，受体 -orycharacterizedby;pertainingtosuspensory:whichishangingdown悬吊式，悬带-osesugarfructose:fruitssugarfoundinhoneyandsomefruit果糖 -osisabnormalconditiononychocryptosis:abnormalconditionofahiddennail嵌甲 -ouspertainingtopoisonous:pert

7、ainingtopoison;alsocontainingpoison有毒的，分泌毒素的 -somesbodiesribosome:thebodyofnucleicacid核糖体 -umstructure;thing;substance结构，物质magnesium:awhitemetallicchemicalsubstance镁（金属元素） -ycondition;act;processdystrophy:disordercausedbydefectivenutritionormetabolism营养不良 Thefollowingisalistofthemostcommonlyusedcomp

8、oundsuffixes Suffix Meaning Example -algiapain;painful;conditionarthralgia:paininajoint关节痛 -aseenzymeprotease:digestiveenzyme蛋白酶 -blastembryo胚，胚胎，人类胚胎 hemocytoblast:blastcell血胚细胞，原始血细胞 -carcinomamalignanttumordevelopingfromconnectivetissue相关组织的恶性肿瘤 adenocarcinoma:malignanttumordevelopingfromglandula

9、rtissue腺癌 -celeprotrusion;distention突出；膨胀，延伸 esophagocele:abnormaldistentionoftheesophagus食管突出 -centesissurgicalpuncture手术穿孔 paracentesis:surgicalpunctureofacavityfortheaspirationoffluid穿刺术 请预览后下载！-capniacarbondioxide二氧化碳 acapnia:absenceofcarbondioxide血液二氧化碳缺乏 -cidekillgermicide:(substance)whichcank

10、illgerms杀菌剂-clastcellphagocyte:cell,especiallyawhitebloodcell,whichcansurroundanddestroyothercells噬菌细胞 -dyniapainglossodynia:paininthetongue舌痛 -ectasia/-ectasisexpansion;dilation(膨胀，扩张) atelectasis:incompleteexpansionofthelungsatbirth肺不张 -ectomysurgicalexcisionorremovalofgastrectomy:surgicalremovalo

11、fthestomach胃切除术 -edemaexcessiveaccumulationofserousfluid水肿 myxoedema:conditioncausedwhenthethyroidglanddoesnotproduceenoughthyroidhormone粘液腺瘤病，粘液水肿 -emiabloodconditionleukemia:anyofseveralmalignantdiseaseswhereanabnormalnumberofleucocytesformintheblood白血病 -emesisvomiting呕吐 hematemesis:thevomitingofb

12、lood咯血；吐血 -gensomethingthatproducedorprouducespathogen:amicroorganismoragentcapableofproducingdisease病菌，病原体 -genesisproduction生产spermatogenesis:formationanddevelopmentofspermatozoainthetestes精子发生 -globinprotein蛋白质 hemoglobin:aniron-containingproteinproducedbyerythrocytes血红素 -gnosisknowledgediagnosis

13、:theprocessofidentifyingthenatureorpresenceofadiseasethroughknowledgeandexamination-gramimage;pictureelectrocardiogram:agraphicrecordoftheelectricalactivityofheartmuscleorheartbeatusedinthediagnosisofheartdisease.请预览后下载！Abbr.ECGandEKG.Syn.cardiogram心电图-graph(y)processofrecording记录过程electocardiograph

14、y:theprocessofmakingorrecordingelectrocardiograms.Syn.cardiography心电图记录 -iasiscondition;state情况，状况cholelithiasis:theformationofgallstones胆石症 -iatry/-iatricshealing,frequentlyreferstoabranchofmedicine康复，常指医学的一个分支 podiatry:treatmentoffootdisorders足部医疗-lithstonecholelith:agallstone;astoneformedinthegal

15、lbladder胆结石 -logythestudyofcytology:thesciencestudyofcells细胞学 -logistonewhostudiesandtreatsurologist:aphysicianwhospecializesinthepracticeofurology泌尿科医生 -lysisbreakdown,destructionhemolysis:thedestructionorbreakdownofredbloodcellswithreleaseofhemoglobin溶血 -malaciasofteningosteomalacia:softeningofbon

16、e骨软化 -maniaextremecompulsionorpreoccupation强迫症 kleptomania:amorbid,uncontrollablecompulsiontosteal盗窃癖 -megalygiantacromegaly:aconditioninwhichthereisanenlargementofthefacialbonesaswellasthoseofthelungs肢端肥大症 -metry/-metermeasurementspirometry:measurementofthevolumeofairinhaledandexhaledortheaircapaci

17、tyofthelungs肺(活)量测定(法),呼吸量测定(法) -odyniapaincardiodynia:painintheheartregion心痛，胸痛 -onehormone荷尔蒙，激素 parathormone:whichregulatescalciumbalanceamongtheblood,bones,andteeth甲状旁腺激素 请预览后下载！-opiaadefectintheeye眼睛的毛病 myopia:beingshort-sighted近视 -opsytoviewbiopsy:excisionoflivetissueformicroscopicdiagnosis活检

18、-osismorbidcondition病态的 sclerosis:abnormalhardening硬化症 -osmiasmellanosmia:lossofthesenseofsmell嗅觉丧失 -ostomyprocessofmakinganopeningintooraconnectionbetween造瘘gastrostomy:surgicalconstructionofanopeningfromthesurfaceoftheabdomenintothestomach胃造口术 -oxialevelofoxygen氧水平 hypoxia:alowoxygenleveloralackofo

19、xygeninbodytissues组织缺氧 -pathydisease;diseasedconditionophthalmopathy:anyeyedisease眼病 -peniadeficiencyleukopenia:deficiencyofleukocytesintheblood.Syn.leukocytopenia白细胞减少症 -pepsiadigestioneupepsia:gooddigestion消化良好 -pexyafixingorsettingfirmlyinplacebysuturing缝合固定 hepatopexy:surgicalfixationofadisplace

20、liver肝固定术 -phagia/phagyeating;swallowing吃，吞咽 dysphagia:difficultyinswallowing吞咽困难 -philattraction吸引，具有吸引力的事物 basophil:typeofleucocyteorwhitebloodcellwhichcontainsgranules嗜碱性粒细胞 -phobiafearxenophobia:irrationalfearofstrangers对外国人的恐惧，憎恶 -plasiaformation;developmenthyperplasia:overdevelopmentorenlargem

21、entofanorganortissue增生，数量型肥大 -phoniavoicedysphonia:difficultyinspeaking发声困难 -plasmformation;growthorsubstanceofformationcytoplasm:jellysubstanceinthecell细胞浆 请预览后下载！-plastysurgicalrepairosteoplasty:surgicalrepairofthebone骨整形术，骨成形术 -plegiastroke;paralysis中风 thermoplegia:heatorsunsrtoke热射病 -pneabreathi

22、ngeupnea:normalbreathing呼吸正常，平静呼吸 -ptosisafalling,thedroppingorsaggingofanorgan器官下移 hepatoptosis:abnormallylowpositionoftheliver肝下垂 -ptysisspitting分散 melanoptysis:spittingofthespleen黑色痰液;咳黑痰 -poiesisproductionhemopoiesis:productionofbloodcells造血作用，生血作用 -rrhage/-rrhagiaburstingforthofblood出血 menorrha

23、gia:veryheavybleedingduringmenstruation月经过多 -rrhaphysurgicalsewingorsuturingsplenorrhaphy:sutureofthespleen脾修补术 -rrheaoverflowhydrorrhea:waterydischarge液溢 -(o)rrhexissplittingorrupture撕裂，破裂，疝气 amniorrhexis:ruptureoftheamnioticac羊膜破裂-sarcomamalignanttumordevelopingfromconnectivetissueliposarcoma:mali

24、gnanttumorcontainingfat脂肪肉瘤-schesisaholdingback;suppressionofdischarge阻碍；抑制排放 uroschesis:suppressionofurine闭尿，尿潴留 -sclerosisahardeningdermatosclerosis:hardeningoftheskin硬皮病 -scopeinstrumentforviewingstethoscope:aninstrumentforperformingmedicateausculation听诊器 请预览后下载！-scopyprocessofexaminingvisuallyhe

25、patoscopy:examinationoftheliver肝检查 -spasminvoluntarycontractionangiospasm:suddencontractionofthemusclesinabloodvessel血管痉挛 -stasissuppression;stoppage;control;arrest抑制，中止 hemostasis:thearrestofbleeding止血，止血法-stenosisabnormalnarrowingofaductorcanal管、道德异常狭窄 laryngostenosis:abnormalnarrowingofthelarynx喉

26、狭窄 -stomysurgicalopeningtotheoutsideofthebody造口 colostomy:surgicaloperationtomakeanopeningfromthecolon结肠造口术 -tentionpressurehypertention:highbloodpressure高血压 -therapytreatmentphysiotherapy:treatmentofdiseasebyphysicalmeans物理疗法 -tionprocesshospitalization:theprocessofbeinghosipitalized住院 -tocialabor;

27、birth生产 embryotocia:abortion流产 -tometoolforincisionarthrotome:instrumentforcuttingajoint关节刀 -tomyprocessofcuttingintogastrotomy:incisionofthestomach胃切开术 -tropiaturning转弯，变向 esotropia:turninginwardoftheeye内斜视 -trophynourishmentordevelopmentofanorgan器官的营养、发育 dystrophy:disordercausedbydefectivenutritio

28、normetabolism营养不良 -uriaaconditionoftheurine（小便） dysuria:difficultlyinpassingurine排尿困难 -versionturningeversion:aturningoutward外翻，翻转 Hereisatableofthemostcommonlyusedprefixes Prefix Meaning Example a-/an-without;notaphasia:theinabilitytounderstandwrittenorspokenwordsortospeakmeaningfully失语症 请预览后下载！ab-

29、awayfromabortion:expulsionfromtheuterus流产 ad-to;toward;nearadnasal:nearthenose近鼻的 acro-apointortipacronyx:growingintotheflesh嵌甲 alb-whitealbino:apersonlackingnormalpigmentation白发病者 amb-/ambi-bothambisexual、bisexual:(person)whoissexuallyattractedtobothmalesandfamales双性恋 amphi-/ampho-both;bothsidesamp

30、hicentric:beginningandendinginthesamevessel起止同源的血管 ana-up;backagainanabolism:processofbuildingupcomplexchemicalsubstancesonthebasisofsimplerones合成代谢 Angio-abloodvesselangioma:benigntumorformedofbloodvessel血管瘤 ante-beforeantenatal:duringtheperiodbetweenconceptionandchildbirth出生前的，怀孕期的 anti-againstant

31、idepressant:(drug)usedtotreatdepression抗抑郁剂 audi-hearing;soundaudiometry:scienceoftestinghearing听力测定 auto-selfautoantibody:antibodyformedtoattackthebodysowncells自身抗体 bi-two;twicebicellular:twocells两室的 bio-livingorganisms生命体 biochemistry:chemistrylivingtissues生物化学 brady-slowbradycardia:slowrateofhear

32、tcontraction,shownbyaslowpulserate心动过缓 carcin-carcinomaorcancer癌；瘤 carcinogen:acancer-causingsubstance致癌物 cata-downwards;under;against;alongwithcataract:conditionwherethelensoftheeyegraduallybecomeshardandopaque白内障 centi-onehundredth百分之一 centimeter:unitofmeasurementoflength(=onehundredthofameter)厘米

33、co(n)-withortogetherconsanguineous:bloodrelationship血亲的，血缘的，密切的 contra-againstcontraception:preventionofpregnancybyusingdevicesordrugs避孕法，节育法 请预览后下载！de-removalorlossdecaffeinated:(coffee)withthecaffeineremoved脱去咖啡因的 deca-tendecagram:tengrams十克 deci-tenthdeciliter:unitofmeasurementofliquid(=onetentho

34、falittle)1/10公升 di-twodiglossia:adoubletongue使用两种语言 dia-through;between;apart;acrossdiathermy:processof(treating)throughheat透热疗法dis-reversalorseparatedisintegrate:tocometopieces分解，破裂 dys-bad;difficult;disordereddysarthrosis:deformityormalformationofajoint关节变形 echo-soundechocardiography:ultrasonograp

35、hyoftheheart心回波描记，超声心动描记术 ect-/ecto-outsideorouterecchondroma:benigntumoronthesurfaceofcartilageorbone外生软骨瘤 en-in;withinenostosis:benigngrowthinsideabone内生骨疣 endo-insideendocardium:membranewhichlinestheheart心内膜 epi-on;overepidermis:outerlayerofskin表皮 ery-rederythrocyte:maturenon-nucleatedredbloodcel

36、l红细胞 eso-inward;within(向内) esotropia:turninginwardoftheeye内斜视 eu-goodeugenics:studyofhowtoimprovethehumanracebygeneticselection优生学 ex-/exo-outofexhale:tobreathout呼出 extra-outsideextracapsular:outsideacapsule囊外的 hemi-halfhemiplegia:severeparalysisaffectingonesideofthebody偏瘫,半身麻痹,半身不遂hydro-waterhydroc

37、ele:collectionofwateryliquidfoundinacavitysuchasthescrotum阴囊积水 hyper-higherortoomuchhyperglycaemia:excessofglucoseintheblood高血糖症 请预览后下载！hypo-lessortoolittlehypokalaemia:deficiencyofpotassiumintheblood低血钾 in-inorintoinbreeding:breedingbetweenacloselyrelatedmaleandfemale近亲交配 in-notincoherent:notableto

38、speakinawaywhichmakessense语无伦次 infra-beloworbeneathinfrapatellar:beloworbeneaththepatella髌 inter-betweeninterlobular:betweenlobules小叶间的 intra-insideintramedullary:insidethebonemarroworspinalcord髓内 itro-intointrovert:personwhothinksonlyabouthimselfandhisownmentalstate性格内向的人 mal-badorabnormalmalfuncti

39、on:abnormalworkingofanargan机器等运转失常；失灵；出现故障 meta-changesmetaplasia:changeofonetissuetoanother化生，转化，组织变形micro-verysmallmicrocyte:abnormallysmallredbloodcell小红细胞 mid-middlemidcarpal:betweenthetworowsofcarpalbones腕骨间的 milli-onethousandthmilligram:unitofmeasurementofweight毫克 mis-errororwrongmiscarriage:s

40、pontaneousabortion流产 multi-manymultigravida:awomanwhoispregnantandhasbeenpregnantatleasttwicebefore经产孕妇 noct-atnightnocturia:passingabnormallylargequantityofurinewhenasleepinbedatnight夜尿症 nona-nineortheninethnonagon:flatshapewhichhasninesides九边形 octa-eightoctan:everyeightdays八日热；每隔八日发一次的 odont-teeth

41、odontology:studyofteethandassociatedstructures,andtheirdisordersonco-tumoursoncology:scientificstudyofnewgowths肿瘤学 oro-mouthorolingual:pertainingtothemouthandtongue口与舌的 请预览后下载！pachy-thickeningpachysomia:conditionwheresofttissuesofthebodybecomeabnormallythick躯体肥厚 pali-/palin-against;pathologicrepetit

42、ion病态的重复 palindromic:(disease)whichrecurs复发的，再发的pan-/pant-/panto-allpancytopenia:abnormaldepressionofallthecellularelementsoftheblodd全血细胞减少症 para-similartoornear;changedorbeyondparalyseorparalyze:toweaken(muscles)sothattheycannotfunction使麻痹，使瘫痪 pen-/penta-fivepentosuria:excretionofpentosesintheurine

43、戊糖尿per-throughpercutaneous:doneoradministeredthroughtheskin经皮的，由皮的 peri-aroundpericystitis:inflammationoftissuearoundthebladder膀胱周炎 pero-deformedordefective畸形有缺陷的 peromelia:congenitaldeformityofthelimbs四肢不全pharmaco-drugspharmacology:studyofdrugsormedicines,andtheiraction,propertiesandcharacteristics

44、药理学，药物学 pleo-/pleio-toomanypleokaryocyte:conditionwhereagreaterthannormalnumberofcellsincerebrospinalfluid多核细胞 pluri-morepluriglandular:pertainingtooraffectingseveralglands多线性的 pneum-/pneunmo-airorthelungs;breathingpneumonia:inflammationofalung肺炎poly-touchingmanyorganspolyphagia:conditionwhereapatie

45、nteatstoomuch;morbiddesireforeverykingoffood多食症，杂食症 post-afterorlaterpostprandial:afterameal餐后的 请预览后下载！pre-beforeofinfrontofpremature:earlyorbeforethenormaltime过早的，早产 presby-oldagepresbyopia:anoldpersonssightfailsgradually老花眼 pro-/supin-/pron-beforeorinfrontoflyingonthebackbendforwardprognosis:predi

46、ctionoftheoutcomeofadisease预测；预后 quadri-/quint-fourfive/fifthquadrupletorquad:oneoffourbabiesborntoamotheratthesametime四胞胎 radio-rayorradiationradiotherapy:treatingadiseasebyexposingtheaffectedparttoradioactive放射疗法 semi-halfsemiptosis:thedownwardsaggingofhalforpartofanorgan轻度睑下垂 sub-undersubmucous:u

47、nderthemucousmembrane粘膜下层的；粘膜下的 super-above;extremelysuperalbuminosis:abnormalincreaseofalbumin白蛋白过多 syn-with;jointsyndesmosis:jointwheretheonesaretightlylinkedbyligaments韧带联合 supra-above;oversuprarenal:(situated)aboveakidney肾上腺 tachy-fasttachycardia:rapidbeatingoftheheart心动过速 tetra-fourtetracycline

48、:antibioticusedtotreatawiderangeofbacterialdiseases四环素 trans-across;through;beyondtransmission:thetransfer,asofadisease,fromonepersontoanother传染 tri-threetricephalus:afetuswiththreeheads三头畸胎 ultra-beyond;excessultrasonics:thesciencedealingwithultrasonicsoundwaves超声波学 uni-oneuniglandular:affectingonlyonegland单腺的 xen(o)-strange;foreignxenograft:agraftoftissuetransplantbetweenanimalsofdifferentspecies异种移植物 （注：可编辑下载，若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢!） 请预览后下载！