阅读题型之选择文章标演示课件

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1、1 给文章选择一个恰当的标题给文章选择一个恰当的标题(title)几乎是必考题。几乎是必考题。要正确选出标题，必须首先要理解文章大意，明要正确选出标题，必须首先要理解文章大意，明确文章主旨。确文章主旨。 一篇文章必然会有一个主旨，最能体现主旨的一篇文章必然会有一个主旨，最能体现主旨的就是主题句，主题句多半在首、尾段或各段的开就是主题句，主题句多半在首、尾段或各段的开头或结尾，少数情况下也在文中，甚至没有主题头或结尾，少数情况下也在文中，甚至没有主题句，此时就需要我们归纳各自然段的意思，自己句，此时就需要我们归纳各自然段的意思，自己概括其主旨了。概括其主旨了。如何给文章选标题如何给文章选标题?

2、?技巧点拨技巧点拨2选择时，要仔细推敲各个选项，排除错误选项，选择时，要仔细推敲各个选项，排除错误选项，缩小选择范围，从而选出最佳答案。错误选项有缩小选择范围，从而选出最佳答案。错误选项有以下特征：以下特征： 断章取义：断章取义： 虽含文中的某些单词，但不是文虽含文中的某些单词，但不是文章所谈内容。章所谈内容。 范围太窄：范围太窄： 概括不全面，只是某个细节或某一概括不全面，只是某个细节或某一部分的内容。部分的内容。 范围太宽：范围太宽： 所表达的内容超出或多于文章阐述所表达的内容超出或多于文章阐述的内容。的内容。 无中生有：无中生有： 即文章中未提到，或找不到任即文章中未提到，或找不到任 何

3、依据的信息。何依据的信息。3 由于断章取义的标题，由于断章取义的标题，其部分或全部词汇来自于原文，具有其部分或全部词汇来自于原文，具有较强的迷惑性，同学们务必要注意。较强的迷惑性，同学们务必要注意。特别提醒特别提醒4 When I was in the eighth grade, I had a friend. We were shy and “too serious” about our studies when it was becoming fashionable with our classmates to learn acceptable social behaviors. We s

4、aid little at school, but she would come to my house and we would sit down with pencils and paper, and one of us would say: “Lets start with a train whistle today.” We would sit quietly together and write separate poems or stories that grew out of a train whistle. Then we would read them aloud. At t

5、he end of that school year, we, too, were changing into social creatures and the stories and poems stopped.模拟训练模拟训练 (A)5 When I lived for a time in London， I had a friend. He was in despair (失望失望) and I was in despair. But our friendship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry lat

6、er if we did not explore this great city because we had felt bad at the time. We met every Sunday for five weeks and found many excellent things. We walked until our despairs disappeared and then we parted. We gave London to each other.61. In the eighth grade， what the author did before developing p

7、roper social behavior was to _.A. become serious about her studyB. go to her friends house regularlyC. learn from her classmates at schoolD. share poems and stories with her friend1. D 细节理解题细节理解题。从第。从第2段，特别是最段，特别是最后三句可知。后三句可知。72. In Paragraph 3， “We gave London to each other” probably means_ .A. our

8、 exploration of London was a memorable gift to both of usB. we were unwilling to tear ourselves away from LondonC. our unpleasant feeling about London disappearedD. we parted with each other in London2. A推理判断题。推理判断题。字面意思是字面意思是“我们把伦敦作为礼物我们把伦敦作为礼物赠给了对方赠给了对方”； 由前两句中由前两句中“found many excellent things” “o

9、ur despairs disappeared”可推断出：可推断出： 伦敦之旅对我们两人来说都是难忘的礼伦敦之旅对我们两人来说都是难忘的礼物。物。8For almost four years I have had remarkable friend whose imagination illuminates mine. We write long letters in which we often discover our strangest selves. Each of us appears， sometimes in a funny way， in the others dreams.

10、She and I agree that， at certain times， we seem to be parts of the same mind. In my most interesting moments， I often think: “Yes， I must tell .” We have never met.93. According to Paragraph 4， the author and her friend _.A. call each other regularlyB. have similar personalitiesC. enjoy writing to e

11、ach otherD. dream of meeting each other3. C细节判断题。细节判断题。由第由第2句句We write long letters和最后一句和最后一句We have never met可可知，他们经常相互写信，从来没有见过面。知，他们经常相互写信，从来没有见过面。10 It is such comforting companions I wish to keep. One bright hour with their kind is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist(心

12、理学家心理学家)， who will only fill up the healing(愈合的愈合的)silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.114. In the darkest moments, the author would prefer to_ .A. seek professional helpB. be left aloneC. stay with her best friendD. break the silence4. B事实细节题。事实细

13、节题。由最后一句由最后一句those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend可知，作者情绪最低落时，自己可知，作者情绪最低落时，自己是最好的朋友。是最好的朋友。125. What is the best title for the passage?A. Unforgettable ExperiencesB. Remarkable ImaginationC. Lifelong FriendshipD. Noble Companions5. D主旨大意题。主旨大意题。第第1段作者表明希望得到段作者表明希望得到的朋友

14、是的朋友是“share my happiness” “whose qualities illuminate me”，作者接着用三，作者接着用三段讲述自己在不同时期所交的三位这种类型段讲述自己在不同时期所交的三位这种类型的朋友。这些朋友间的友谊没有任何利益关的朋友。这些朋友间的友谊没有任何利益关系，可谓系，可谓“崇高的朋友崇高的朋友”，故选，故选D。13难句分析难句分析1. But our friendship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry later if we did not explore this g

15、reat city because we had felt bad at the time.14 但是，我们的友谊是基于但是，我们的友谊是基于我们内心里的这种想法：我们内心里的这种想法： 如果我们因为那如果我们因为那段时间心情不好而不去探索这座伟大的城市，段时间心情不好而不去探索这座伟大的城市，我们以后会后悔的。我们以后会后悔的。 主句是主句是our friendship was based on the idea,其后的其后的that引导引导一个同位语从句一个同位语从句,注意中间被作定语的介词短注意中间被作定语的介词短语语in each of us所分隔了所分隔了;在这个同位语从在这个同位语

16、从句中句中,if引导一个条件状语从句引导一个条件状语从句; 在这个条件在这个条件状状 语从句中语从句中,又有又有because引导一个原因状引导一个原因状语语 从句。从句。结构分析：结构分析：中文大意：中文大意：152. One bright hour with their kind is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist， who will only fill up the healing silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I wou

17、ld rather be my own best friend.16 在在than引导的比较引导的比较状语从句中，状语从句中，who引导一个非限制性定语从引导一个非限制性定语从句起补充说明作用；句起补充说明作用； 在这个定语从句中在这个定语从句中necessary to .my own best friend是形是形容词短语作后置定语，修饰容词短语作后置定语，修饰the healing silence； 在这个形容词短语中，在这个形容词短语中，in which引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词those darkest moments。结构分析：结构分析：17 对我来说，

18、跟他对我来说，跟他们同类人一小时的欢愉胜过心理医生们同类人一小时的欢愉胜过心理医生服务我一辈子，心理学家只能在我宁服务我一辈子，心理学家只能在我宁愿独处的最痛苦时刻填充空白愿独处的最痛苦时刻填充空白,相对于相对于那些黑暗时刻那些黑暗时刻,我宁愿把自己当最好的我宁愿把自己当最好的朋友。朋友。中文大意：中文大意：181.When it comes to .当谈到当谈到； 就就而论而论When it comes to art I know nothing. 说到艺术，我是一窍不通。说到艺术，我是一窍不通。No one matches him when it comes to swimming谈到游泳

19、，没有谈到游泳，没有人比得过他。人比得过他。日积月累日积月累19助读词汇助读词汇acceptable值得接受的值得接受的 comforting 令人令人欣慰的欣慰的companion同伴，伙伴同伴，伙伴desire希望得到希望得到fashionable时髦的时髦的 part分离分离possess拥有，具有拥有，具有 reserve保留或储保留或储备备grow out of从从中产生中产生seek寻找寻找(look for)be based on以以为基础为基础20 B (2010梅州一模梅州一模)You know how wonderful you are, and you know that

20、 others know how wonderful you are, but what do you do when admiration crosses over the line into jealousy? For most teens there will come a day when you realize that one of your friends is jealous and that there seems to be nothing that you can do， but the good news is that there is. Dont let jealo

21、usy spoil your relationships. Tackle it head-on and you might be back to normal much sooner than you think.216. According to the passage， which of the following we should NOT do to face a jealousy friend?A. Walk up to him/her and asking why he/she is jealous of you.B. Walk up to him/her and asking w

22、hat the problem is.C. Explain how you have been feeling.D. Ask him or her what would make the situation better.6. A细节理解题。细节理解题。根据文章第根据文章第2段第段第2句话。句话。227. The underlined “it” in the first paragraph refers to _.A. friendship B. relationshipC. admiration D. jealousy7. D词义猜测题。词义猜测题。由由it所在句的前一句可知。所在句的前一句

23、可知。23 When you figure out what is annoying your friend， ask him or her what he or she thinks would make the situation better. Dont limit your own talents or opportunities simply because your friend is unhappy. Try instead to include him or her in your new life and see how that works out.248. What ca

24、n be inferred from the last two paragraphs?A. Theres always a solution to solve the problem of jealousy.B. Jealousy can turn best friends into worst enemies.C. You may lose a friend if you dont use your gifts or chances.D. You should keep far away from your friend to be back to normal.8. C推理判断题。推理判断

25、题。由倒数第由倒数第2段中的段中的Dont limit your own talents or opportunities simply because your friend is unhappy可推知。可推知。259. According to the author， the jealousy emotion is.A. normal B. productiveC. destructive D. extreme9. C细节理解题。细节理解题。由最后一段第由最后一段第2句句This destructive emotion is .可知。可知。Even the best of friendsh

26、ips can be affected by jealousy. This destructive emotion is rarely productive(=useful) and can turn best friends into worst enemies. 2610. The purpose of the passage is _.A. to explain what causes jealousyB. to offer some advice on making friendsC. to introduce the way to deal with a jealous friend

27、D. to explain how destructive the jealous emotion is10 . C写作目的题。写作目的题。由第由第1段可知，本文的段可知，本文的写作目的是介绍处理有嫉妒心朋友的方法。写作目的是介绍处理有嫉妒心朋友的方法。27 小贴士小贴士(small tips)： 以疑问句开始的文章，以疑问句开始的文章，其回答便是主题句，事实上，开篇提出的问题正其回答便是主题句，事实上，开篇提出的问题正是作者在本文意欲解决的问题。另外，在首段开是作者在本文意欲解决的问题。另外，在首段开头的几句中，表示转折的头的几句中，表示转折的but， however后的内后的内容，往往就是

28、主题句，是本文要阐述的重点。容，往往就是主题句，是本文要阐述的重点。 由文中由文中“but what do you do when admiration crosses over the line into jealousy?”(当羡慕变成忌妒时，你应该怎么做呢当羡慕变成忌妒时，你应该怎么做呢)可知，作者撰写此文的目的就是要告诉读者可知，作者撰写此文的目的就是要告诉读者“面对面对忌妒你的朋友，你应忌妒你的朋友，你应 该怎么做该怎么做”，即介绍如，即介绍如妥善处理忌妒你的朋友妥善处理忌妒你的朋友 的方法。的方法。28 难句分析难句分析 For most teens there will come

29、 a day when you realize that one of your friends is jealous and that there seems to be nothing that you can do， but the good news is that there is (a way to deal with it).29 全句是全句是but连接的并连接的并列句，在前一分句中，列句，在前一分句中，there will come a day是主句，是主句，when引导定语从句；引导定语从句； 在这在这个定语从句中，个定语从句中，realize后面跟后面跟that .and

30、that .引导的两个并列的宾语从句；引导的两个并列的宾语从句； 在在and that .这个宾语从句中，又有一个这个宾语从句中，又有一个that引导的定语从句，修饰引导的定语从句，修饰nothing。在。在but后面这个分句中，后面这个分句中，that引导一个省略的引导一个省略的表语从句，相当于表语从句，相当于but the good news is that there is a way to deal with it。结构分析：结构分析：30 对大多数青少年对大多数青少年来说，会有一天，你意识到你的某个来说，会有一天，你意识到你的某个朋友有忌妒之心而你又似乎束手无策，朋友有忌妒之心而你又

31、似乎束手无策，但是令人欣慰的是，还是有办解决办但是令人欣慰的是，还是有办解决办法的。法的。汉语大意：汉语大意：31日积月累：日积月累： There will come a day when .(终终)有有一天一天There will come a day when the people of the whole country will live a happy life.总会有一天，全国人民都过总会有一天，全国人民都过上幸福生活。上幸福生活。There will come a day when all of us will be living in cities quite unlike t

32、hose of the present.总会有一天，我们总会有一天，我们都住在跟现在不一样的城市里。都住在跟现在不一样的城市里。322. Chances are that . 很可能很可能Chances are that something you say will strike a nerve and your friend will open up as well.你所讲的很可能触你所讲的很可能触动他动他/她的神经，于是你的朋友也会开口表她的神经，于是你的朋友也会开口表达他达他/她的感受。她的感受。Chances are that she has already heard the new

33、s. 很可能她已经听到这消很可能她已经听到这消息了。息了。333. not .because . 不要因为不要因为(not否否定定because从句从句)Dont limit your own talents or opportunities simply because your friend is unhappy.不要因为你朋友的不不要因为你朋友的不悦，而限制你自己的才智或机会。悦，而限制你自己的才智或机会。Do not blame your food because you have no appetite.不要因为你自己没有胃不要因为你自己没有胃口而去责备食物。口而去责备食物。34ad

34、miration羡慕羡慕 annoy使不悦，使不悦，惹恼惹恼approach走近走近 compromise和解和解conceited自负的自负的 destructive毁灭毁灭性的性的emotion情感情感 head-on迎面迎面jealousy忌妒忌妒 opportunity机会机会productive有益的有益的 respond回答，回答，回应回应助读词汇助读词汇35situation局面局面 solution解决方法解决方法spoil毁掉毁掉;破坏破坏 tack处理，解决处理，解决be back to normal恢复正常恢复正常block off one day抽出一天时间抽出一天时间figure out弄明白弄明白(come to understand)take extreme action采取极端的行动采取极端的行动open up 变得活跃起来，话多起来变得活跃起来，话多起来(start to talk more about oneself and ones own feelings)