FPGA的英文翻译

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1、英文原文 Introduced FPGAProgrammable logic device is a generic logic can use a variety of chips, which is to achieve ASIC ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) semi-customized device, Its emergence and development of electronic systems designers use CAD tools to design their own laboratory in t

2、he ASIC device. Especially FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) generated and development, as a microprocessor, memory, the figures for electronic system design and set a new industry standard (that is based on standard product sales catalogue in the market to buy). Is a digital system for microproc

3、essors, memories, FPGA or three standard building blocks constitute their integration direction.Digital circuit design using FPGA devices, can not only simplify the design process and can reduce the size and cost of the entire system, increasing system reliability. They do not need to spend the trad

4、itional sense a lot of time and effort required to create integrated circuits, to avoid the investment risk and become the fastest-growing industries of electronic devices group. Digital circuit design system FPGA devices using the following main advantages(1) Design flexibleUse FPGA devices may not

5、 in the standard series device logic functional limitations. And changes in system design and the use of logic in any one stage of the process, and only through the use of re-programming the FPGA device can be completed, the system design provides for great flexibility.(2) Increased functional densi

6、tyFunctional density in a given space refers to the number of functional integration logic. Programmable logic chip components doors several high, a FPGA can replace several films, film scores or even hundreds of small-scale digital IC chip illustrated in the film. FPGA devices using the chip to use

7、 digital systems in small numbers, thus reducing the number of chips used to reduce the number of printed size and printed, and will ultimately lead to a reduction in the overall size of the system.(3) Improve reliabilityPrinting plates and reduce the number of chips, not only can reduce system size

8、, but it greatly enhanced system reliability. A higher degree of integration than systems in many low-standard integration components for the design of the same system, with much higher reliability. FPGA device used to reduce the number of chips required to achieve the system in the number printed o

9、n the cord and joints are reduced, the reliability of the system can be improved.(4) Shortening the design cycleAs FPGA devices and the programmable flexibility, use it to design a system for longer than traditional methods greatly shortened. FPGA device master degrees high, use printed circuit layo

10、ut wiring simple. At the same time, success in the prototype design, the development of advanced tools, a high degree of automation, their logic is very simple changes quickly. Therefore, the use of FPGA devices can significantly shorten the design cycle system, and speed up the pace of product into

11、 the market, improving product competitiveness.(5) Work fastFPGA/CPLD devices work fast, generally can reach several original Hertz, far larger than the DSP device. At the same time, the use of FPGA devices, the system needed to achieve circuit classes and small, and thus the pace of work of the ent

12、ire system will be improved.(6) Increased system performance confidentialityMany FPGA devices have encryption functions in the system widely used FPGA devices can effectively prevent illegal copying products were others(7) To reduce costsFPGA device used to achieve digital system design, if only dev

13、ice itself into the price, sometimes you would not know it advantages, but there are many factors affecting the cost of the system, taken together, the cost advantages of using FPGA is obvious. First, the use of FPGA devices designed to facilitate change, shorten design cycles, reduce development co

14、sts for system development; Secondly, the size and FPGA devices allow automation needs plug-ins, reducing the manufacturing system to lower costs; Again, the use of FPGA devices can enhance system reliability, reduced maintenance workload, thereby lowering the cost of maintenance services for the sy

15、stem. In short, the use of FPGA devices for system design to save costs.FPGA design principles :FPGA design an important guiding principles : the balance and size and speed of exchange, the principles behind the design of the filter expression of a large number of certification.Here, area means a de

16、sign exertion FPGA/CPLD logic resources of the FPGA can be used to the typical consumption (FF) and the search table (IUT) to measure more general measure can be used to design logic equivalence occupied by the door is measured. pace means stability operations in the chip design can achieve the high

17、est frequency, the frequency of the time series design situation, and design to meet the clock cycle - PADto pad, Clock Setup Time, Clock Hold Beijing, Clock-to-Output Delay, and other characteristics of many time series closely related. Area (area) and speed (speed) runs through the two targets FPG

18、A design always is the ultimate design quality evaluation criteria. On the size and speed of the two basic concepts : balance of size and speed and size and speed of swap.One pair of size and speed is the unity of opposites contradictions body. Requirements for the design of a design while the small

19、est, highest frequency of operation is unrealistic. More scientific goal should be to meet the design requirements of the design time series (includes requirements for the design frequency) premise, the smallest chip area occupied. Or in the specified area, the design time series cushion greater fre

20、quency run higher. This fully embodies the goals of both size and speed balanced thinking. On the size and speed requirements should not be simply interpreted as raising the level and design engineers perfect sexual pursuit, and should recognize that they are products and the quality and cost of dir

21、ect relevance. If time series cushion larger design, running relatively high frequency, that the design Jianzhuangxing stronger, more quality assurance system as a whole; On the other hand, the smaller size of consumption design is meant to achieve in chip unit more functional modules, the chip need

22、s fewer, the entire system has been significantly reduced cost. As a contradiction of the two components, the size and speed is not the same status. In contrast, meet the timetables and work is more important for some frequency when both conflicts, the use of priority guidelines.Area and the exchang

23、e rate is an important FPGA design ideas. Theoretically, if a design time series cushion larger, can run much higher than the frequency design requirements, then we can through the use of functional modules to reduce the consumption of the entire chip design area, which is used for space savings adv

24、antages of speed; Conversely, if the design of a time series demanding, less than ordinary methods of design frequency then generally flow through the string and data conversion, parallel reproduction of operational module, designed to take on the whole string and conversion and operate in the expor

25、t module to chip in the data and string conversion from the macro point of view the whole chip meets the requirements of processing speed, which is equivalent to the area of reproduction - rate increase.For example. Assuming that the digital signal processing system is 350Mb/s input data flow rate,

26、and in FPGA design, data processing modules for maximum processing speed of 150Mb/s, because the data throughput processing module failed to meet requirements, it is impossible to achieve directly in the FPGA. Such circumstances, they should use area-velocity thinking, at least three processing modu

27、les from the first data sets will be imported and converted, and then use these three modules parallel processing of data distribution, then the results and string conversion, we have complete data rate requirements. We look at both ends of the processing modules, data rate is 350Mb/s, and in view o

28、f the internal FPGA, each sub-module handles the data rate is 150Mb/s, in fact, all the data throughput is dependent on three security modules parallel processing subsidiary completed, that is used by more chip area achieve high-speed processing through the area of reproduction for processing speed

29、enhancement and achieved design.FPGA is the English abbreviation Field of Programmable Gate Array for the site programmable gate array, which is in Pal, Gal, Epld, programmable device basis to further develop the product. It is as ASIC (ASIC) in the field of a semi-customized circuit and the emergen

30、ce of both a customized solution to the shortage circuit, but overcome the original programmable devices doors circuit few limited shortcomings.FPGA logic module array adopted home (Logic Cell Array), a new concept of internal logic modules may include CLB (Configurable Logic Block), export import m

31、odule IOB (Input Output Block) and internal links (Interconnect) 3. FPGA basic features are :(1) Using FPGA ASIC design ASIC using FPGA circuits, the chip can be used,while users do not need to vote films production.(2) FPGA do other customized or semi-customized ASIC circuits throughout the Chinese

32、 specimen films.3) FPGA internal capability and rich I/O Yinjue. 4) FPGA is the ASIC design cycle, the shortest circuit, the lowest development costs, risks among the smallest device5) FPGA using high-speed Chmos crafts, low consumption, with CMOS, TTL low-power compatible It can be said that the FP

33、GA chip is for small-scale systems to improve system integration, reliability one of the bestCurrently FPGA many varieties, the Revenue software series, TI companies TPC series, the fiex ALTERA company seriesFPGA is stored in films from the internal RAM procedures for the establishment of the state

34、of its work, therefore, need to programmed the internal Ram. Depending on the different configuration, users can use a different programming methodsPlus electricity, FPGA, EPROM chips will be read into the film, programming RAM中 data, configuration is completed, FPGA into working order. Diaodian, FP

35、GA resume into white films, the internal logic of relations disappear, FPGA to repeated use. FPGAs programming is dedicated FPGA programming tool, using generic EPROM, prom programming device can. When the need to modify functional FPGA, EPROM can only change is. Thus, with a FPGA, different program

36、ming data to produce different circuit functions. Therefore, the use of FPGA very flexible.There are a variety of FPGA model : the main model for a parallel FPGA plus a EPROM manner; From the model can support a number of films FPGA; serial prom programming model could be used serial prom FPGA progr

37、amming FPGA; The external model can be engineered as microprocessors from its programming microprocessors.Verilog HDL is a hardware description language for the algorithm level, doors at the level of abstract level to switch-level digital system design modelling. Modelling of the target figure by th

38、e complexity of the system can be something simple doors and integrity of electronic digital systems. Digital system to the levels described, and in the same manner described in Hin-time series modelling.Verilog HDL language with the following description of capacity : design behaviour characteristi

39、cs, design data flow characteristics, composition and structure designed to control and contain the transmission and waveform design a certification mechanism. All this with the use of a modelling language. In addition, Verilog HDL language programming language interface provided by the interface in

40、 simulation, design certification from the external design of the visit, including specific simulation control and operation.Verilog HDL language grammar is not only a definition, but the definition of each grammar structure are clear simulation, simulation exercises. Therefore, the use of such lang

41、uage to use Verilog simulation models prepared by a certification. From the C programming language, the language inherited multiple operating sites and structures. Verilog HDL provides modelling capacity expansion, many of the initial expansion would be difficult to understand. However, the core sub

42、sets of Verilog HDL language very easy to learn and use, which is sufficient for most modelling applications. Of course, the integrity of the hardware description language is the most complex chips from the integrity of the electronic systems described.historyVerilog HDL language initially in 1983 b

43、y Gateway Design Automation companies for product development simulator hardware modelling language. Then it is only a dedicated language. Since their simulation, simulation devices widely used products, Verilog HDL as a user-friendly and practical language for many designers gradually accepted. In

44、an effort to increase the popularity of the language activities, Verilog HDL language in 1990 was a public area. Open Verilog International (OVI) is to promote the development of Verilog international organizations. 1992, decided to promote OVI OVI standards as IEEE Verilog standards. The effort wil

45、l ultimately succeed, a IEEE 1995 Verilog language standard, known as IEEE Std 1364-1995. Integrity standards in Verilog hardware description language reference manual contains a detailed description.Main capacity：Listed below are the main Verilog hardware description language ability*Basic logic ga

46、te, and, for example, or have embedded in the language and nand* Users of the original definition of the term (UDP), the flexibility. Users can be defined in the original language combinations logic original language, the original language of logic could also be time series* Switches class infrastru

47、cture models, such as the nmos and pmos also be embedded in the language* Hin-language structure designated for the cost of printing the design and trails Shi Shi and design time series checks.* Available three different ways to design or mixed mode modelling. These methods include : acts described

48、ways - use process of structural modelling; Data flow approach - use of a modelling approach Fuzhi expression; Structured way - using examples of words to describe modular doors and modelling.* Verilog HDL has two types of data : data types and sequence data line network types. Line network types th

49、at the physical links between components and sequence types that abstract data storage components.* To describe the level design, the structure can be used to describe any level module example* Design size can be arbitrary; Language is design size (size) impose any restrictions* Verilog HDL is no lo

50、nger the exclusive language of certain companies but IEEE standards.* And the machine can read Verilog language, it may as EDA tools and languages of the world between the designers* Verilog HDL language to describe capacity through the use of programming language interface (PLI) mechanism further e

51、xpansion. PLI is to allow external functions of the visit Verilog module information, allowing designers and simulator world Licheng assembly* Design to be described at a number of levels, from the switch level, doors level, register transfer level (RTL) to the algorithm level, including the level o

52、f process and content* To use embedded switching level of the original language in class switch design integrity modelling* Same language can be used to generate simulated incentive and certification by the designated testing conditions, such as the value of imports of the designated*Verilog HDL sim

53、ulation to monitor the implementation of certification, the certification process of implementing the simulation can be designed to monitor and demonstrate value. These values can be used to compare with the expectations that are not matched in the case of print news reports.* Acts described in the

54、class, not only in the RTL level Verilog HDL design description, and to describe their level architecture design algorithm level behavioural description* Examples can use doors and modular structure of language in a class structure described* Verilog HDL mixed mode modelling capabilities in the desi

55、gn of a different design in each module can level modelling* Verilog HDL has built-in logic function, such as*Structure of high-level programming languages, such as conditions of expression, and the cycle of expression language, language can be used* To it and can display regular modelling* Provide

56、a powerful document literacy* Language in the specific circumstances of non-certainty that in the simulator, different models can produce different results; For example, describing events in the standard sequence of events is not defined.In troduction of DSPToday, DSP is w idely used in the modern t

57、echno logy and it has been the key part of many p roducts and p layed more and mo re impo rtant ro le in our daily life.Recent ly, Northw estern Po lytechnica lUniversity Aviation Microelect ronic Center has comp leted the design of digital signal signal p rocesso r co re NDSP25, w h ich is aim ing

58、at TM S320C25 digital signal p rocesso r of Texas Inst rument TM S320 series. By using top 2dow n design flow , NDSP25 is compat ible w ith inst ruct ion and interface t im ing of TM S320C25.Digital signal processors (DSP) is a fit for real-time digital signal processing for high-speed dedicated pro

59、cessors, the main variety used for real-time digital signal processing to achieve rapid algorithms. In todays digital age background, the DSP has become the communications, computer, and consumer electronics products, and other fields based device.Digital signal processors and digital signal process

60、ing is inseparably, we usually say DSP can also mean the digital signal processing (Digital Signal Processing), is that in this digital signal processors Lane. Digital signal processing is a cover many disciplines applied to many areas and disciplines, refers to the use of computers or specialized p

61、rocessing equipment, the signals in digital form for the collection, conversion, recovery, valuation, enhancement, compression, identification, processing, the signals are compliant form. Digital signal processors for digital signal processing devices, it is accompanied by a digital signal processin

62、g to produce. DSP development process is broadly divided into three phases : the 20th century to the 1970s theory that the 1980s and 1990s for the development of products. Before the emergence of the digital signal processing in the DSP can only rely on microprocessors (MPU) to complete. However, th

63、e advantage of lower high-speed real-time processing can not meet the requirements. Therefore, until the 1970s, a talent made based DSP theory and algorithms. With LSI technology development in 1982 was the first recipient of the world gave birth to the DSP chip. Years later, the second generation b

64、ased on CMOS工艺 DSP chips have emerged. The late 1980s, the advent of the third generation of DSP chips. DSP is the fastest-growing 1990s, there have been four successive five-generation and the generation DSP devices. After 20 years of development, the application of DSP products has been extended t

65、o peoples learning, work and all aspects of life and gradually become electronics products determinants.中文翻译FPGA介绍：可编程逻辑器件是一种可以构成各种用途逻辑的通用芯片，它是实现专用集成电路ASIC（Application Specific Integrated Circuit）的半定制器件，它的出现和发展使电子系统设计师借助于CAD手段在实验室里就可以设计自己的ASIC器件。特别是FPGA（Field Programmable Gate Array）的产生与发展，使其成为继微处理器

66、、存储器之后的为电子数字系统设计而确定的又一种新的工业标准(即可以按标准产品目录在销售市场上购到)。数字系统正朝向以微处理器、存储器、FPGA三种标准积木块构成或是它们的集成方向发展。使用FPGA器件设计数字电路，不仅可以简化设计过程，而且可以降低整个系统的体积和成本，增加系统的可靠性。它们无需花费传统意义下制造集成电路所需大量时间和精力，避免了投资风险，成为电子器件行业中发展最快的一族。使用FPGA器件设计数字系统电路的主要优点如下：（1）设计灵活使用FPGA器件，可不受标准系列器件在逻辑功能上的限制。而且修改逻辑可在系统设计和使用过程的任一阶段中进行，并且只须通过对所用的FPGA器件进行重新编程即可