情态动词和虚拟语气高考题

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1、 情态动词和虚拟语气 2011年高考题1.(2011全国卷,32)They _ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.A.will B.can C.must D.should答案 D解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“他们本该午饭时到达，但他们的航班推迟了。”will have done将来可以完成；can have done可能做过吗？表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句；must have done一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测；should have done本来应该做某事，而实际没做。but their flig

2、ht was delayed这样的结果，说明他们本来该到达却没有到达，因此选D。2.(2011全国卷II,8)If you _ smoke, please go outside.A. can B. should C. must D. may答案 C解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“如果你非得要抽烟，请到外面去抽。”must (表示主张)一定要，坚持要。根据后一句please go outside的要求，选C。3.（2011北京卷,24）I dont really like James. Why did you invite him?Dont worry. He _ come. He said

3、he wasnt certain what his plans were.A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not答案 D解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“我真不喜欢James。你为何请了他？别担心。他可能来不了。他说他的计划还没安排好。”题干中的he wasnt certain说明他可能不来，可能来，因此使用不完全否定might not。选D。4.（2011北京卷,28）Where are the children? The dinners going to be completely ruined.I wish they _ alw

4、ays late.A. werent B. hadnt been C. wouldnt be D. wouldnt have been答案 A解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“孩子们哪儿去了？这顿饭快要吃不起来了。我但愿他们不要老是迟到。”wish引出虚拟语气，题干中出现always，从句虚拟使用一般过去时。选A。5.（2011北京卷,30）Maybe if I _ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.A. studied B. would study C. had studied D.

5、 was studying答案 C解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“或许当初我要是学了理科而不是文科，现在就能给你更多的帮助。”then表示过去的时间，if引导的从句是对过去的虚拟，因此使用过去完成时。选C。6.（2011天津卷,15）I _ sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come答案 D解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“我本来可以早点来，但我真不知道他们在等我。”but I didnt know表示了过去时间

6、，因此前句是对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选D。7.（2011上海春招,27）Some young people these days just _ go out of their homes to contact the real world.A. mustnt B. wont C. mightnt D. shouldnt答案 B解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“现在一些年轻人就是不愿意走出家门接触真正的世界。”mustnt禁止，不允许；wont不愿意，就是不，偏不，具有主观性；mightnt可能不

7、；shouldnt不应该。根据句意选B。8.（2011江苏卷,34）I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone _ it.A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen答案 B解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“我把我的手提包落在火车上了。但幸运的是，有人拾到交给了

8、铁路部门。失而复得，简直难以置信！我是说，本来可能有人会偷了去。”will have done将来可以完成，must have done一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测，都与题意不符。should have done本来应该做某事，而实际没做，这就意味着希望有人偷包。might have stolen 过去可能做过，语气比较婉转或不肯定，根据句意选B。9.（2011福建卷,25）Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?I am afraid you _, in case he comes l

9、ate for the meeting .A.will B.must C.may D.can答案 B解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“需要我现在就通知他计划有变吗？恐怕你得这样做，以防他开会迟到。”must (表示必要、命令或强制)必须,得。根据后半句，选B。10.（2011福建卷,34）Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.I _ it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.A.attended B.had attended C.would attend D.would have

10、 attended答案 D解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“真可惜你错过了那场有关核污染的讲座。我本可以去听的，但我当时忙于工作面试。”对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选D。11.（2011安徽卷, 26）What do you think of store shopping in the future?Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _.A. will never replace B. would never

11、 replaceC. will never be replaced D. would never be replaced答案 C解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“你对将来的商店购物怎么看？我个人认为会与在家购物并存，但商店购物不会被取代。”根据I think it will exist along with homeshopping，排除虚拟的选项D，这是表示将来的时间，考虑到被动语态，选C。12.(2011浙江卷,11)Hows your new babysitter?We _ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.A. sh

12、ould B.might C. mustnt D. couldnt答案 D解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“你的新保姆怎么样？找不到更好的了。我们的孩子们很喜欢她。”should应该；might可能，可以；mustnt禁止；couldnt不可能。根据句意选D。13.（2011四川卷,20）The police still havent found the lost child, but theyre doing all they _.A.can B.may C.must D.should答案 A解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“警方依然没有找到失踪的孩子，但他们现在正在做他们所能做的一切。”c

13、an可以，能够；may可能，许可；must必须；should应该。根据句意，选A。14.（2011重庆卷,25）Why didnt you come to Simons party last night? I wanted to ,but my mom simply _ not let me out so late at night.A. could B. might C. would D. should答案 C解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“昨晚你为什么没来参加Simon的聚会？我想来的，但我妈妈就是不愿我这么晚出来。”could可以，能够，表示可能性或用于婉转语气；might可能，表示不

14、确定；would愿意，偏要，表示意志；should应该，表示建议、命令、决定等。根据题意选C。15.（2011陕西卷,22）I _ through that bitter period without your generous help.A. couldnt have gone B. didnt go C. wouldnt go D. hadnt gone答案 A解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“没有你的慷慨帮助，我是不可能度过那段痛苦的时期的。”that bitter period表示过去的时间，对过去的虚拟语气用主语+should / would / could / might

15、 + have done表达，故选A。16.（2011陕西卷,24）Will you read me a story, Mummy?OK. You _ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.A. might B. must C. could D. shall答案 D解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“妈妈，可以读一个故事给我听吗？好的，如果你马上上床睡觉的话。”shall 用于陈述句中的第二、第三人称时,表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等，题中是母亲对儿子的承诺，故选D。17.（2011湖南卷,28）No one _ be compa

16、red with Yao Ming in playing basketball.A. can B. need C. must D. might答案 A解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“在打篮球方面没人能比得上姚明。”can可以，能够；need需要；must必须；might可能。故根据题意，选A。18. (2011辽宁卷,21)If you _ go, at least wait until the storm is over.A. can B. may C. must D. will答案 C解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“如果你非得走话，至少也要等到这暴风雨过去后。”can可以，能够；may

17、 可能，许可；must(表示主张)一定要，坚持要；will将要，愿意。根据后句的劝告，选C。19.（2011江西卷23）It _ be the postman at the door. Its only six oclock.A. mustnt B.cant C.wont D.neednt答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“不可能是邮递员在门口，才六点钟呢。”mustnt 禁止，不允许；cant 不可能；wont 不愿意，就是不，偏不；neednt 不需要。根据后一句中“现在仅仅是六点”，only一词肯定语气强烈，前一句为门外的绝不可能是邮递员。故选B。20.（2011江西卷28）We

18、_ Johns name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.A.will put B. will have put C. would put D. would have put答案：D2010年高考题1. （10安徽32）Jack described his father, who _a brave boy many years ago, as a strongwilled manA. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been 答案：D. 考点：本题考

19、查情态动词推测用法。解析：句意为“杰克把他的父亲描述为一个意志坚强的人，他的父亲多年前肯定很勇敢。”用must have been表示对过去事情的肯定推测。2.（10湖南23） You buy a gift, but you can if you want to.A. must B. mustn't C. have to D. don't have to 答案：D考点：情态动词解析：dont have to 意为“没有必要”，符合语境，句意为：“你没有必要买礼物，但如果你想买的话，你也可以买。”3. （10江西23） I have told you the truth. _ I

20、 keep repeating it?A Must B Can C May D Will答案：A考点：考察情态动词的用法。解析： must 必须, 一定 can 可以, 能够 may 也许 will 意愿, 倾向性动作, 前半句说我告诉你事实了, 这里用的是现在完成时, 表示过去的动作对现在造成了影响, 既然我已经说了, 我还必须重复一遍吗？4. （10山东25）I_ have watched that movie itll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt答案：A考点：本题考查情态动词的用法

21、。解析：句意应为“我本来不应该看那部电影的-它会使我做噩梦的。”表示“本来不应该做而做了某事”用shouldnt have done, 所以A项正确。5. （10天津9）Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. couldnt 答案：A. 考点：考查情态动词。句意：迈克本来不必要那么忙的。这么高速驾驶之后，他早半个小时到达了。解析：根据后面的语境，提前半个小时到达，说明Mark本来不必那么匆忙，所以用neednt h

22、ave done 结构，表示“本来不必要做某事的而实际上做了”。6. （10四川3） I take the book out? w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*mI'm afraid not.A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need答案：B考点：考查情态动词。解析：表请求可用情态动词can, may, could, might ,表允许用can, may.句意为：“我可以将这本书带出去吗？”“恐怕不行”。故应选表情请求的情态动词may。正确答案为B。7. （10全国29）.Just be patient. You _ expect the world to ch

23、ange so soon .A. cant B. neednt C. may not D. whether 答案：A句意：耐心一点儿，你不能期望世界变化如此快。解答：通过选项此题考察情态动词，can't在否定句中可以表示推测，译为不可能，可以表示能力，译为不能够，也可以表示命令，不允许，但是语气比mustn't弱，具有劝慰的意思，根据句意此题中选择A，can't表示劝慰。8. （10江苏25） I havent got the reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month. Dont

24、worry. You_ have it by Friday.A. could B. shall C. must D. may w_答案：B，解析：shall在第二人称中表示允诺，还可以表示强制，命令，威胁，警告。还有在法律条文中的要求或规定。9. （100陕西 23） May I take this book out of the reading room? No, you . You read it in here. A. mightnt B. wont C. neednt D. mustnt答案：D解析：考查情态动词。英语中用could，might表示询问或征求意见的问句中，肯定性应答要用

25、can或may来代替could或might，而may或might征求意见的问句否定应答时要用mustnt，故本题选D。10. （10全国17）Im afraid Mr. Harding _see you now. Hes busy.A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D .neednt答案：A解析：情态动词考查。结合语境，根据情态动词用于疑问或否定推测时，要用cant。11. （10湖北79） Its said that they have swum to the island from the continent, but they _（不可能做到）because t

26、he ocean in between is too wide. (do)答案：cant/ couldnt have done it考点：情态动词解析：当要对过去进行肯定的推测时，要用 “cant/couldnt+have+done”的结构12（10辽宁26）Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _ be regular exercise.Acan Bwill Cmust Dmay答案：C句意：医生说锻炼对身体重要，但是必须是有规律的锻炼。解析：考查情态动词。Can一般表示“可能，或能力”；will表示“意志”；ma

27、y表示“许可，可能”；must表示“必须”。13. （10北京23） -Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. -Ah, good morning. You be Mrs. Peters. A. might B. must C. would D. can答案：B考点:本题考查情态动词在语境中的运用。解析：第一个说话人说和史密斯小姐有约，那下面的人就回应说，"那您一定就是Mrs. Peters了"因此排除A,C.D14. （10浙江17） “Y

28、ou _ have a wrong number,” she said. “Theres no one of that name here.”A. need B. can C. must D. would 答案：C考点：情态动词 15. （10上海29）-Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.-Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.A. must B. mustn't C. should D. shouldn't答案

29、：C考点：本题考查的是虚拟语气解析：此处表示和过去事实相反的情况，应该用should + have + 过去分词。本来应该做，而未做16. （10安徽26） Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he-_A. was busy B. is busy C. had been busy. D. will be busy 答案：A. 考点：本题考查虚拟语气与时态。解析：前句表示对过去的虚拟，而but之后表示过去的客观事实，故用一般过去时态。17. （10湖南29） If he my advice, he wouldn't have lost his

30、job. A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow 答案：C考点：考查虚拟语气。解析：根据“wouldnt have lost”可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，故选C项。18. （10天津15） John went to the hospital alone. If he me about it, I would have gone with him.A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told 答案：D. 考点：考查虚拟语气。句意：约翰独自去了医院。如果

31、他告诉我的话，我会跟他一起去的。解析：前一句是陈述语气，说明动发生在过去，而且后一句的主句已经是would have gone说明是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与之对应的从句结构，应该用had +过去分词。19（10江苏34）. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he_ more on its culture.A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused答案：选B 解析：would rather后应用虚拟语气，表示与现在时间相反，

32、用动词的过去式20.（10陕西15）If we _ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken答案：B.解析：考查虚拟语气。所填词做虚拟语气中条件状语从句的谓语，根据主句的谓语动词形式might have arrived可知题干是与过去事实相反，故所填部分用had+过去分词形式，选B。21. （10湖北76） Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attenti

33、on _ (讨论) at the meeting. (discuss)答案：(should) be discussed考点：虚拟语气解析：“insist”引导的宾语从句要用虚拟，从句结构是 “should”（可省略）加动词原形，主语 “problem” 是要“被讨论”。22.（10北京34）-The weather has been very hot and dry. -Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables . A. wouldn't die B. di

34、dn't die C. hadn't died D. wouldn't have died 答案：D考点：本题考查虚拟语气中对过去的虚拟。解析：第二个说话人的If条件句是我们选择正确答案的关键。要是当时下雨了，现在的情况就好的多了！我的蔬菜也就不会死了。过去没有下雨，所以我的蔬菜干死了也是发生在过去。而将句子还原则为If it had rained even a drop, my vegetables wouldn't have died.If+ had done,主句为couldnt/ shouldn't/ wouldn't have done

35、.23（10浙江10）Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .Awould have been savedBhad been saved Cwill be savedDwas saved答案： A考点：本题考查虚拟语气。解析：根据句子的倒装特征判断此处是省略了if的虚拟语气，原形是：If I had known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .故选择A。句意为：如果我早知道这个电脑程序，就可以

36、节省大量的时间和精力了。2009年高考题1. (09安徽29) Some people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they just be quiet people.A. must B. may C. should D. would答案 B2. (09北京25) One of the few things you _ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.A. need B. must C. s

37、hould D. can答案B3. (09福建35) But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing Competition.A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won答案B 解析 虚拟语气。此处虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反，句子谓语动词用would/should/could/might + have done结构，故选B。4. (09湖南30) Its the office! So yo

38、u know eating is not allowed here. Oh, sorry.A. must B. will C. may D. need答案A 解析 句意为：这是办公室！因此你必须知道吃的不允许带到这里。must表示“绝不”的意思。5. (09海南25) What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There be twelveA. should B. would C. will D. shall答案 A 解析 你这是什么意思，只有十张票吗?应该有十二人。should表示“应该，应当”。6. (09上海27) It_ have be

39、en Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.A. may B. can C. must D. should答案 C7. (09四川13) I dont care what people think.Well, you _A. could B. would C. should D. might答案 C解析 考查情态动词的用法。答话的人提了一个建议你应该关注别人对你的评价的。should可以用来向别人提建议，所以答案为：C8. (09天津15) This printer is of good quality.

40、If it _ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.A. would B. should C. could D. might答案 B9. (09重庆32) Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is?She_in the classroom. I saw her there just now.A. shall be   

41、0; B. should have been C. must be      D. might have been答案C10. (09全国20) I cant leave. She told me that I stay here until she comes back.A. can B. must C. will D. may答案 B11. (09江苏28) He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he   &

42、#160;     it differently.A. could express                        B. would expressC. could have expressed         &#

43、160;       D. must have expressed答案 C2008年高考题1.(08全国17)Lizawell not want to go on the tripshe hates traveling.A.willB.canC.mustD.may答案 D解析 句意为：Liza极有可能不想去旅行她讨厌旅行。may well很可能，极有可能，表示猜测。当表示猜测时，will和can不能与well连用，must只能用于肯定句中。2.(08北京21)John promised his doctor he not smoke，

44、 and he has never smoked ever since.A.mightB.shouldC.couldD.would答案 D解析 句意为:约翰答应医生他不再吸烟，从那以后，他再也没有吸过烟。由句意可知空格处表示允诺，故应选择D项。3.(08天津6)Shehave left school， for her bike is still here.A.cantB.wouldntC.shouldntD.neednt答案 A解析 句意为：她不可能离开了学校，因为她的自行车仍然在这儿。cant表示不可能；wouldnt have done表虚拟；shouldnt have done本不该做(

45、却已做了）；neednt have done本没必要做(但已做了）。4.(08江西26) What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, hebetter.A.need have doneB.must have doneC.can have done D.might have done答案 D解析 句意为：太遗憾了！鉴于他的能力和经验，他本可能做得更好。need have done本来有必要做（而没做）；must have done是对过去发生的事情的肯定的推测，表示“过去一定做了”；can have done是对过去发生的事情的不肯定

46、的推测；might have done表示“本来可以”。5.(08湖南28)You dont have to know the name of the author to find a book.Youfind the book by the title.A.mustB.needC.canD.would答案 C解析 句意为：要找到一本书你不一定非要知道作者的名字。你可以根据书的标题找到这本书。can表示“可以，能够”。6.(08陕西9)What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?Well， it be bigthats not i

47、mportant.A.mustntB.needntC.cantD.wont答案 B解析 句意为：“你想要什么样的房子？要大的吗？”“噢，它不需要很大，那不重要。”由.thats not important.这一语境可知，空格处应表示“不需要”，故须用neednt。7.(08四川10)Although thissound like a simple task，great care is needed.A.mustB.mayC.shallD.should答案 B解析 句意为：尽管这听起来可能像一项简单的任务，但是需要非常仔细。must一定，必须；may可能，可以；shall将要；should应该。

48、各自表达的意义不同，选may最妥当。8.(08重庆30)I cant find my purse anywhere.Youhave lost it while shopping.A.mayB.canC.shouldD.would答案 A解析 may表达推测之意，意为“可能”。9.(08浙江11)Yoube hungry already you had lunch only two hours ago!A.wouldntB.cantC.mustntD.neednt答案 B解析 句意为：你不可能饿了，你两个小时之前才吃的午饭！cant指不可能；mustnt表猜测时，不能用于否定句；Neednt指没

49、有必要。10.(08福建24) It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but itbe rather cold sometimes.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.would答案 B解析 must必然，一定；can可能；should应该；would（过去）将，总会。本题提供的语境是“有时可能会”。11.(08辽宁22)Peterbe really difficult at times even though hes a nice person in general.A.shallB.shouldC.canD.must答案 C解析 句意为

50、：虽然彼得总体上来说是一个好人，但有时真的难以相处。can在这里不表示主观的推测，而表示客观的可能性。12.(08江苏35)Im sorry.Iat you the other day.Forget it.I was a bit out of control myself.A.shouldnt shoutB.shouldnt have shoutedC.mustnt shoutD.mustnt have shouted答案 B解析 句意为：“对不起，几天前我本不应该朝你大喊大叫的。”“不要放在心上。我自己有点情绪失控。”shouldnt have done sth.本不应该做某事(但已经做了)。13.(08山东24) Thank you for all your hard work last week.I dont think weit without you.A.can manageB.could have managedC.could manageD.can have managed答案 B解析 could have done本能够做某事（但没做）。