2021年新版人教版英语八年级上册第一单元短语语法知识点总结

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1、2021年新版人教版英语八年级上册第一单元短语语法知识点总结 visit 还可以意为“参观;游览”,后接表示地点的名词。I visited my grandmother last week.上周我去 了我的外婆。b.Do you want to visit Shanghai?你想 上海吗?拓展: visitor 意为“参观者;游客”。eg: These visitors e from Amera.buy anything special买特别的东西。( P2)1)buy 及物动词,意为“买;购买”。其过去式为 。拓展: buy sth.for sb.=buy sb.sth.意为“给某人买某物”

2、。My uncle a bike.= My uncle for me.2)anything 不定代词,意为“某事;某件东西”,主要用于疑问句或否定句中。a.Do you want anything from me?b.I cant say anything about it.a.Do you want anything from me?b.I cant say anything about it.anthing special 表示“特别的东西”,形容词修饰不定代词时后置Is there Is there in this book?4.Oh, did you go anywhere inter

3、esting?1)本句是 did 开头的一般疑问句2方”。这本书里有新的内容吗?哦,你去有趣的地方了吗?( P2)anywhere 用作副词,意为“在任何地eg: Did you go anywhere during the summer vacation?辨析: anywhere 与 somewhereanywhere意为“在任何地方”,常用于否定句和疑问句中。eg:l can #; t find itanywhere.somewhere意为“在某处; 到某处”,常用于肯定句中。eg:l lost mykey somewhere near here.We took quite a few p

4、hotos there.我们在那里拍了不少照片。( P2)take photos 意为“照相;拍照”。eg:We on the Great Wall.我们在长城上照了相。辨析: quite a few 与 quite a littlequite a few 意为“很多 ; 不少”,修饰可数名词复数;quite a little 意为“很多 ; 不少”,修饰不可数名词。a.He stays here for days.9.How did you like it?9.How did you like it?你觉得它怎么样?( P3)人教版英语八年级上册第一单元短语语法知识点总结There is w

5、ater in the bottle( 瓶子 ).I just stayed at home most of the time to read and rela.我大部分时间 只是待在家里读书休息。( P2)most of the time意为“大部分时间”,其中most为代词,意为“大部分;大多数”。拓展most of意为“中的大多数”,它作主语时,谓语动词取决于most of后所修饰的名词。Most of us(be)going to the park.我们大多数人要去公园。Most of the food(go)bad.大部分的食物都变质了。Everything tasted reall

6、y good!所有的东西尝起来真的很好吃!( P3)taste 在此为系动词,意为“尝起来”,其后接形容词构成系表结构。a.The food tastes really great.食物尝起来棒极了。Did everyone have a good time? 大家都玩得很开心吗?( P3)have a good time = enjoy oneself = have fun玩得开心 (+ doing )eg: We had a good time visiting the the Great Wall.= We enjoyed ourselves visiting the the Great

7、 Wall.= We had fun visiting the the Great Wall.人教版英语八年级上册第一单元短语语法知识点总结人教版英语八年级上册第一单元短语语法知识点总结How do/did you like ?意为“你觉得怎么样?”,用来询问对方的观点或看法,相当于What do you thi nk of ?eg: How do you like your new job? = your new job?10.Did you go shopping? 你们去购物了吗?( P3)go shopping 意为“去购物;去买东西”,同义短语为 do some shopping.e

8、g: I usually go shopping on Sundays.我通常星期天去购物。拓展:“ go+doing ”形式表示“去做某事”,常用于表达从事某一体育活动或休闲 活动。go skating 去滑冰 go hiking 去go sightseeing去观光go fishing 去钓鱼 go swimming 去游泳 go boating 去划船11.I went to a fr iend #;s farm in the countryside with my family.我和家人一起去了乡下一个朋友的农场。( P3)a friend #;s farm 是名词所有格形式。一般情况

9、下,表示“有生命的人或物”的名词后面加s,表示所属关系。eg:The red bike is Ale #; s.那辆红色的自行车是爱丽斯的。拓展:名词所有格的构成:1)单数名词词尾加s,复数名词词尾没有s,也要加sthe rl s pen 女孩的钢笔women#;s shoes 女鞋 onChildren #;s Day2)复数名词以 s 结尾的只加 #;the students #; reading room 学生阅览室Teachers #; Day 教师节3) 如果两个名词并列,并且分别有s,则表示“分别有”;只后一个名词有一个s, 则表示“共有”:John#; s and Kate #;

10、 s rooms.约翰和凯特(各自)的房间。Lily and Lucy #; s father.莉莉和露西的爸爸(同一个爸爸)。4) 表示无生命的名词一般以 of构成短语,表示所有关系。a map of China 一幅中国地图the name of the story那个故事的名字12.Still no one seemedto be bored.( 即使这样 ) 仍然没有人看起来无聊。( P3)1) seem意为“好像;似乎;看来”。eg:Everything seems easy.一切似乎很容易。拓展 a.seem+adj.“看起来”。You seem hy today.你今天看起来很高

11、兴。seem+to do sth.“似乎,好像做某事”。I seem to have a cold.我似乎感冒了。It seems/seemed+ 从句 “看起来好像; 似乎”。It seems that no onebelieves you.看起来好像没有人相信你。2)辨析: bored 与 boringbored 意为“厌烦的;感到无聊的”,一般在句中修饰人。boring 意为“无聊的;令人厌烦的”,一般在句中修饰事或物。eg:a.I #;m with what he said.我对他说的话厌烦极了。b.I find the story very.我发现这个故事太无聊了。(二) Secti

12、on BWhat activities do you find enjoyable?你发现什么活动让人快乐?( P5)1) activities是 activity 的复数形式,意为“活动”。Students like outdoor activities.2)enjoyable 形容词,意为“愉快的;快乐的”。I #;m sure we will have an enjoyable vacation.我确信我们将会有一个愉快的假期。I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.今天早上我和家人到达了马来西亚的槟城。(

13、P5arrive 不及物动词,意为“到达”。arrive in 表示到达较大的地方,如国家、省、 市等; arrive at 表示到达较小的地方,如机场、商店、广场、村庄等。(注:地点副词home,here ,there 前介词省略)辨析:arrive in+ 大地点/ arrive at+ 小地点get to + 地点reach+地点eg: I(到达 ) school at 8: 00 o #;clock yesterday.so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel 因此我们决定至U旅馆附近的海滩上去。( P5)decide to do

14、sth.意为“决定做某事”。eg: They the museum.他们决定去参观博物馆。拓展: decide 后常跟“疑问词 +动词不定式”做宾语。Hecan#;t decide when(leave) 他不能决定何时动身。My sister and I tried paragliding.姐姐和我尝试了滑翔伞运动。( P5)try 此处用作及物动词, 其后常接名词、 动名词或不定式, 意为“尝试; 试图,设法; 努力”She is trying my bycle.她正在试骑我的自行车。拓展: try 也可用作名词,意为“尝试”,常用短语“ have a try ”,意为“试一试”。I wa

15、nt to have a try.我想试一试。辨析: try doing sth./ try to do sth.1)try doing sth.尝试做某事,表示一种尝试、做做看的想法,不一定付出很多努力。我试着给他打电话了,但没有try to do sth.尽力、设法去做某事,表示想尽一切办法要把事情办成,强调付 出努力设法去完成。我试着给他打电话了,但没有I him, but no one answered.人接听。b.I #;b.I #;mEnglish well.我正尽力把英语学好。我感觉自己就像一只小鸟I felt like I was a bird.It was so ecitin

16、g! 太刺激了!( P5)我感觉自己就像一只小鸟feel like 意为“给的感觉;感受到”。其后常接从句eg: He feels like he is swimming.他感觉像在游泳一样。拓展:feel like还可意为“想要”,其后可接名词、代词或动名词。即:feel like sth.想要某物 feel like doing sth.想要做某事eg: Do you feel like a cup of tea now?你现在想要一杯茶吗?Do you feel like (take) a walk in the park with me?你想跟我在公园散步吗?般修饰某物2)辨析: ec

17、iting 与 ecited般修饰某物eciting 意为“令人兴奋的,使人激动的”,ecited 意为“感到兴奋的,激动的”, 一般修饰某人。Eg: a.The story is(eciting, ecited) .He told me the(eciting, ecited)news.Sarah was(eciting, ecited)to see the singer.There are a lot of new buildings now现在有许多新的建筑物(P5)building 可数名词 , 意为“建筑物;楼房”。build 动词,“建造,建筑” ( built ,built ),

18、The workers built many tall buildings in our school last year.I wonder what life was like here in the past.我想知道在这儿过去的生活是什么样的。( P5)won der此处是及物动词,意为“想知道;琢磨”。其后常接who, what, why等疑问词引导的宾语从句。Eg:1.I wonder .我想知道那个男孩是谁。A.the boy is who B.who the boy is2.I wonder what they were doing here.我想知道他去哪里了。8.I real

19、ly enjoyed walking around the town.我真的很喜欢在镇上到处走走。(P5)1) enjoy及物动词,意为“喜爱;欣赏;享受的乐趣”,其后接名词,代词或 动名词作宾语a.Do you enjoy your job? 你喜欢你的工作吗?b.I enjoy reading books.我喜欢读书。(enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 )拓展: enjoy oneself =have a good time = have fun 玩得开心 (+ doing sth.)2)walk around 意为“四处走走”。He#;s just walking around

20、 the village.他 只是在村庄里随便走走。What a difference a day makes! 一天的变化有多大呀! (P5)difference 可数名词,意为“差别, 差异”;其形容词形式为 different ,意为“不 同的;有差异的”。Eg: a.What is the difference between this book and that book?b.Myschoolbag is different from yours.( be different from意为“与不同”)We wanted to walk up to the , but then it

21、started raining a little so we decided to take the train.(P5)1) want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”。2)start doing sth.意为“开始做某事”,同义短语: start to do sth.Eg: Tom started learning English last year.3) a little意为“一点儿”,在句中修饰动词、形容词或副词。也可以修饰不可 数名词。人教版英语八年级上册第一单元短语语法知识点总结Eg: a.I can draw a little, but only as a hobby.b.

22、It #;s a little cold outside.He can speak a little English.take the train意为“乘火车”, take 在此意为“乘坐”。We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people.因为人太多,所以我们等了一个多小时的火车。( P5)1)wait for 意为“等候”,其后可接人或物。Tom was waiting for a bus over there.over 介词,意为“多于;超过” ,相当于 more than 。Eg : My f

23、ather is over 40 years old.There are over eight hundred students in our school.too many 意为“太多”,其后接可数名词复数。He always has too many questions to ask me.辨析: too many + 可数名词复数 意为“太多 ”too much + 不可数名词 意为“太多 ”意为“太 much too + 意为“太 人教版英语八年级上册第一单元短语语法知识点总结人教版英语八年级上册第一单元短语语法知识点总结而且因P5而且因P5)eg: I havehomework to

24、 do today.And because of the bad weather, we couldn#;t see anything below.为坏天气,我们也没能看到下面的任何景色( P5)辨析: because of 与 becausea.because of 意为“因为,由于”,后可接名词、代词或动名词,不能接句子He lost his job because of his age.b.because 意为“因为”,引导状语从句,即接句子。I didn #; t buy the shirt because it was too epensi ve.My father didn#; t

25、 bring enough money 我爸爸没带足够的钱(1 )辨析: bring 与 takebring 意为“带来;拿来”, 指从别处带到说话者所在地。take 意为“拿走;带走”, 指从说话者所在地带到别处去。2)enough 意为“足够的,充分的”1 .用来修饰形容词或副词,一般置于被修饰词之后。用来修饰名词时可放在形容词前面或后面。Eg:a.We have enough time to do our homework.人教版英语八年级上册第一单元短语语法知识点总结b.The bo is big enough.because we forgot to bring an umbrell

26、a 因为我们忘了带雨伞。(P6)辨析: fo rg et to do sth.与 forget doing sth.forget to do sth.意为“忘记要做某事 (事情还没做) ” eg:Don#;t forgetto close the dow.forget doing sth.意为“忘记做过某事(事情已经做过了)” eg: I forget closing the dow.About one hour later, we sped and drank some tea.大约一小时后,我们停下来喝了些茶。( P6)1 ) one hour later 一小时后; 一小时前 2)s 动

27、词,意为“停止;中断”,过去式 ,现在分词 ;3)drink 及物动词,意为“喝;饮”; 还可以作名词,意为“饮料”。Did you dislike anything? 你不喜欢什么东西吗?( P7)dislike 意为“不喜欢;厌恶”,其后可接名词、代词或动名词形式作宾语。Eg:a.Mary the hamburgers.玛丽不喜欢汉堡包。b.I puter 我不喜欢玩电脑游戏。Why not? 为什么不带呀?( P8)人教版英语八年级上册第一单元短语语法知识点总结why not 意为“为什么不呢”,一般用在疑问句中,表示提建议; why not 后面需跟 动词原形。注“ Why not +

28、动词原形? 相当于“ Why don#; t you+ 动词原形?Why not go to the party with me? =Why don#;t you go to the party with me?为什么不和我一起去参加聚会呢?take a walk? = take a walk?为什么不去散步呢?Everyone in our class took a bag with some food and water.我们班上的每一个人都随身带了装有食物和水的提袋。(P8)with 介词,意为“具有;带有”。此处介词短语 with some food and water 作 bag 的

29、后置定语。拓展: with 作介词时的其他用法:“禾口一起#; I often go to schoolmy friend.我经常和朋友们一起去上学。以(手段、材料),用(工具), Cut the le with a knife.用刀切苹果。My legs were so tired that I wanted to s.我的双腿太累了以至于我都想停下来。( P8)sothat/ suchthat(如此以致)弓I导的结果状语从句人教版英语八年级上册第一单元短语语法知识点总结so+adj./adv.+that Eg:1.He is lovely a boywe love him very muc

30、h.2.The little boy is so young that he can#;t go to school.常用的感叹句的结构:What +adj.+ 复数名词 / 不可数名词 +主语+谓语!What +a/an+adj.+ 可数名词单数 +主语+谓语!How +adj.+a/an+ 可数名词单数 +主语 +谓语!How+adj./adv.+ 主语+谓语!eg: 1.What an interesting book it is! = How interesting a book is! 本书多么有趣啊!a clever rl she is!A.Who B.What C.How D.W

31、hereclever a rl she is!A.Who B.What C.How D.Whereimportant jobs they have done! A.What B.Who C.How D.Wheresweet water it is!A.Who B.What C.Where D.How我的同学告诉我坚持interesting the dog is! A.Who B.What C.Where D.How我的同学告诉我坚持My classmates told me to keep going, so I went on.往前走,因此我便继续前He lives by himself i

32、n the country.He lives by himself in the country.他独自住在乡下人教版英语八年级上册第一单元短语语法知识点总结进了( P8)1)tell sb.(not)to do sth.意为“告诉某人(不要)做某事。The teacher the dow just now.老师刚才告诉我们擦窗户。2)keep doing sth.意为“继续做某事,一直做某事”。She TV for two hours last night.昨晚她持续看了两个小时的电视。23.Everyone jumped up and down in ecitement.大家都兴奋地跳起来

33、。( P8)up and down 意为“上上下下;来来回回”,在句中作状语。Eg: They looked me .他们上上下下打量我。He walks in the room.他在房间里来回走动。反身代词: myself , ourselves, yourself , yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves.作动词或介词的宾语:经常在 enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce, dress, kill等动词和 by, for, to, of等介词后作宾语。一年主考宾语回自身He is teaching h

34、imself English.她在自学英语。She was talking to herself.她自言自语。人教版英语八年级上册第一单元短语语法知识点总结1) Help yourself! 请随便吃吧! / 请自己 去取吧!2) Make yourself at home! 别客气!3) makeyourself heard /understood.使 你被人听得见 / 理解teach oneself 自学 =learn by oneselfby oneself 独自for oneself 为自己;替自己enjoy oneself 玩的愉快dress oneself 给自己穿衣23.few, little, a few, a little:的用法 few, a few 修饰可数名词, little, alittle 修饰不可数名词。few, little具有否定意义,表示“几乎没有”, a few, a little具有肯定意义,表示“一些”He has little money, but few students want to lend money to him.他几乎没有钱,但是几乎没有学生想借钱给他There is a little milk and a few les left in the fridge.冰箱里还有一些牛奶和一些苹果第 14 页 共 14 页

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