九年级英语下册Unit4LifeonMars词汇与语法基础训练新版牛津版

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1、Unit 4 Life on Mars知识精讲一、必背词汇Mars n.火星helmet n.头盔gravity n.重力planet n. 行星crowded adj.拥挤的polluted adj.被污染的increase n.增加rapid adj. 快地，迅速地passenger n.乘客uncomfortable adj.使人不舒服的，不舒适的oxygen n.氧气tasty adj.味道好的specially adv.专门的，特地float v.飘浮；漂浮compare v. 比较interplanetary adj.行星间的network n.网络challenging adj.

2、挑战性的rapidly adv.快地，迅速地aware adj.知道，意识到circle v.围绕；将圈起来agreement n.一致，同意distance n. 距离；远处possibility n.可能性alien n.外星人stranger n.外来者，陌生人percentage n.百分率；百分数disadvantage n.劣势，缺点，不利条件risk n.风险，危险goods n.复）商品，货品electronic adj.电子的entertainment n.娱乐二、重点词汇1. crowded adj. /kra.dd/If a place is crowded, it is

3、 full of people.拥挤的；挤满人的例句： As Christmas gets closer, the shops get more and more crowded.随着圣诞节的临近，商店变得越来越拥挤。2. uncomfortable adj. /nkmf.t.bl/1). not feeling comfortable and pleasant, or not making you feel comfortable and pleasant不舒服的；令人难受的例句： These shoes are really uncomfortable. 这双鞋子穿在脚上实在难受。2).

4、slightly embarrassed, or making you feel slightly embarrassed有点儿尴尬的；令人不自在的例句： an uncomfortable silence 令人不自在的沉默3. float v. /flt/1). to stay on the surface of a liquid and not sink漂浮例句：An empty bottle will float. 空瓶子能浮起来。2). to (cause to) move easily through, or along the surface of a liquid, or to (

5、cause to) move easily through air（使）漂流；（使）浮动；（使）飘动；（使）飘移例句： We spent a lazy afternoon floating down/along the river. 我们沿河漂流而下，懒洋洋的度过了一个下午。4. compare v. /kmper/1). to examine or look for the difference between two or more things对比，对照，比较例句： That seems expensive - have you compared prices in other shop

6、s? 那好像很贵-你有没有比较一下其他店里的价格？2). to judge, suggest, or consider that something is similar or of equal quality to something else将比作；拿与相比；认为和相似（或不相上下）例句：You cant compare the two cities - theyre totally different. 你不能把这两座城市相提并论它们完全不同。5. agreement n. /ri.mnt/1). the situation in which people have the same o

7、pinion, or in which they approve of or accept something意见一致；同意；应允例句：The whole family was in agreement with her about/on what they should do. 关于他们应该做什么，全家人都和她意见一致。2). a decision or arrangement, often formal and written, between two or more groups or people协议，协定；和约例句： Finally the two sides have reache

8、d an agreement. 双方终于达成了协议。三、必背短语air tank 氧气罐dried food 干粮power pack 电源包(all) over again 再；重新sleeping bag 睡袋at a/the speed of 以的速度in the form of 以的形式compare to/with 与相比carry out 开展；执行after all 毕竟四、经典句型1. How do you like life on Mars?你觉得火星上的生活怎么样？2. Our own planet, the Earth, is becoming more and more

9、 crowded and polluted because of the rapid increase in population.因为人口的快速增长，我们自己的地球正变得越来越拥挤且污染越来越严重。3. Humans cannot survive without water, oxygen or food.人类离开水、氧气或者事物就不能生存。4. The gravity on Mars is only about three-eighths of that on the Earth.火星上的重力仅约为地球重力的八分之三。5. Compared with life on the Earth,

10、life on Mars would be better in some ways.跟地球生活相比，火星上的生活在某些方面可能更好。三点剖析一、考点简单句和复合句的转换1. 含状语从句的复合句和简单句之间的转换。我们可以用一些含有介词短语的简单句改写一些含有状语从句的复合句。例句： He was able to swim when he was 8 years old.他八岁的时候就会游泳。(时间状语从句)He was able to swim at the age of 8.他八岁就会游泳。He could not go there because he had too much homew

11、ork.因为他有太多的作业,他不能去那里。(原因状语从句)He could not go there because of too much homework.因为太多的作业,他不能去那里。注意：转换时要注意时态和意思的一致性和准确性。2. 含宾语从句的复合句和简单句之间的转换。我们可以借助一些介词来进行含有宾语从句的复合句和简单句的转换。例句： Are you certain that Tom will tell the truth?你确信汤姆会说实话吗？（宾语从句）Are you certain about Toms words?你确信汤姆的话吗?What he said reminds

12、me that he helped me with my English in the past.他说的话使我想起了他过去帮助我学习过英语。(宾语从句)What he said reminds me of his help with my English in the past.他说的话使我想起了他过去在英语学习上对我的帮助。注意：一些动词和介词的搭配。如：remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事；be sure about 对确信。3. 含定语从句的复合句和简单句之间的转换。我们可以用一些含有介词短语的简单句来与含有定语从句的复合句进行转换。例句：Do you know the ma

13、n who is holding two books in his hand now?你认识那个手里正拿着两本书的男子吗? (定语从句)Do you know the man with two books in his hand now?你认识那个手里正拿着两本书的男子吗?The teacher who is wearing a smile on his face is my new English teacher.那位面带微笑的老师是我的新英语老师。(定语从句)The teacher with a smile on his face is my new English teacher.那位面

14、带微笑的老师是我的新英语老师。注意：介词的选择和搭配。二、易错点1. problem & question1). problem通常指急于解决或决定的重大问题或难题，常作think about, solve, work out等的宾语。例句：This is a difficult social problem to solve.这是一个很难解决的社会问题。2). question着重指由于对某事感到疑惑不解或不能断定而提出并等待解答的问题，一般指不难的、在较短时间内能解决的问题，常与answer, ask等连用。例句：Please answer the question. 请回答这个问题。2.

15、 hurt & harm1). hurt意为“伤害”，指感情、自尊心上的伤害，也指人身体上受了伤害。例句：He hurt his back when he fell. 他跌倒时伤了背。2). harm意为“伤害，损坏”，所指伤害往往是抽象的、笼统的。例句：The noise of machines harmed their hearing.机器的噪音伤害了他们的听力。题模精选题模一：Unit 4 词汇应用例1.1.1 -Food safety has become a social focus now.-Thats why laws are made to _ crimes on food.A

16、 recordB preventC divideD separate例1.1.2 根据汉语完成句子。1). 政府正在努力改善民生。The government is _ _ _ improve peoples lives.2). 我相信他会满意的。I _ _ that he will be satisfied.题模二：语法-简单句和复合句的转换例1.2.1 The farmers had to stop _ in the field _ the heavy rain.A working; becauseB to work; becauseC working; because ofD to wo

17、rk; because of例1.2.2 将下列复合句改为简单句。1). We cant do it if you dont help us._2). The pianist began to learn to play the piano when he was four years old._3). Are you sure that they are interested in it?_随堂练习随练1.1 -_ the way, do you think this job has become easier than it used to be?- To be honest, it ha

18、s turned out to be more difficult _ some ways.A In; onB By; onC By; inD In; by随练1.2 Although it is _ to wear a helmet for a long time, it can protect your head.A specialB uncomfortableC crowdedD unsure随练1.3 Mrs. Yang often makes _ cakes and biscuits for kids and kids like them very much.A strangeB t

19、astyC awfulD polluted随练1.4 -What _ of high school students go to college?-About 70%.A percentageB numberC populationD temperature随练1.5 -Whats the most popular form of _ in this city?-Its hard to say. Maybe going to the movies is.A environmentB entertainmentC experimentD experience随练1.6 根据首字母提示或汉语提示填

20、写单词。1. Im ready to do all those things which are more c_.2. After he was 60, his health was falling r_.3. The Internet is a worldwide computer n_.4. Her weight showed an i_ of 3kg in a month. She decided to lose weight again.5. How many _ (乘客) can the bus hold each time?6. Can fish live without _ (氧

21、气)?7. The Earth is one of the _ (行星) that travel around the sun.8. Look! A model ship is _ (漂浮) on the lake.自我总结课后作业作业1 The Great Green Wall can _ the wind and sand from moving to the rich land in the south of China.A preventB protectC provideD promise作业2 I dont feel like _ now. I prefer to have a w

22、alk after supper.A walkB walkingC walksD to walk作业3 -What do you think of the environment here?-Wonderful! _ of the land covered with trees and grass.A Two fifths; isB Two fifth; isC Two fifths; areD Two fifth; are作业4 根据汉语提示完成句子。1. 你们地区人口增长得快吗?Is the population in your area_ _?2. 我家离学校10 公里远。My home

23、 is ten kilometers _ _ school.3. 我们同意他们的决定。We are _ _ with their decision.4. 我的包的款式和他的类似。The style of my bag is _ _ _ of his.5. 人类正在考虑移民去别的星球?Are humans _ _ _ to another planet ?作业5 - Are you willing to live on Mars one day?-_. It sounds exciting, but it still worries me.A .Of course I am.B Im not s

24、ure.C Why not?D Are you joking?作业6 - The documentary A Bite of China is quite popular around China recently. How do you like it?-_.A I think soB Pretty goodC Its my pleasureD All right答案解析题模精选题模一：Unit 4 词汇应用例1.1.1【答案】B【解析】 考查动词辨析，句意：-现在食品安全已成为社会焦点。-那就是为什么制定关于阻止食品犯罪的法律，prevent意为“阻止”，符合句意。故选B。例1.1.2【答

25、案】 1). working hard to2). am sure【解析】 考查本课词汇的应用，需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数。题模二：语法-简单句和复合句的转换例1.2.1【答案】C【解析】 考查固定搭配，第一空考查stop doing sth，意为“停止做某事”；第二空后heavy rain是名词短语，须用because of。故选C。例1.2.2【答案】 1). We cant do it without your help.2). The pianist began to learn to play the piano at the age of four.3). Are

26、 you sure about their interest in it?【解析】 考查本课语法的应用，需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数。随堂练习随练1.1【答案】C【解析】 考查介词，前空考查by the way，意为“顺便说/问一下”；后空考查in some ways，意为“在某些方面”。故选C。随练1.2【答案】B【解析】 考查形容词辨析，uncomfortable 意为“不舒服的”，符合句意。故选B。随练1.3【答案】B【解析】 考查形容词辨析，由“孩子们很喜欢”可知是tasty cakes and biscuits。故选B。随练1.4【答案】A【解析】 考查名词辨析，由答

27、语“约70%”可知询问的是percentage“百分比”。故选A。随练1.5【答案】B【解析】 考查名词辨析，由答语中going to the movies 可知问句询问的是entertainment。故选B。随练1.6【答案】 1. challenging2. rapidly3. network4. increase5. passengers6. oxygen7. planets8. floating【解析】 考查本课词汇的应用，需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数。作业1【答案】A【解析】 考查动词辨析，preventfrom doing sth，意为“阻止做某事”。故选A。作业2

28、【答案】B【解析】 考查固定搭配，feel like doing sth.意为“想干某事”feel like 后常接名词或动名词。故选B。作业3【答案】A【解析】 考查数词，句意：-你认为这儿的环境怎么样?-太好了! 五分之二的陆地面积被树木和青草覆盖着。分数的分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于一时分母用复数，故排除B、D两项；当分数作主语时，谓语动词的数与分数后的名词一致。land 是不可数名词，用单数。故选A。作业4【答案】 1. increasing rapidly2. away from3. in agreement4. similar to that5. thinking about moving【解析】 考查本课词汇的应用，需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数。作业5【答案】B【解析】 考查情景交际用语，句意：-你愿意将来有一天在火星上生活吗?-我不确定，在火星上生活听着让人兴奋，不过我还是有点儿担心。B 项“我不确定”符合上下文。故选B。作业6【答案】B【解析】 考查情景交际用语，句意：-最近纪录片舌尖上的中国2在中国很流行，你认为它怎么样?-相当好。B项意为“相当好”，符合上下文。故选B。