顾家北词伙整理

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1、词伙1类全球化Worst-affected country最受影响的国家At the international level在国际范围内Diplomatic row外交争吵Financial resources资金The adequacy ofMultinational enterprises跨国企业Multinational companiesAcross boundaries跨越国界Global financial centre全球金融中心Business hubs商业中心Enhance social integration加强社会融合The domestic market国内市场Impl

2、ications for the economy经济影响has profound implications for the economyThe gap between the haves and the贫富差距Widenhave-notsCompetitive job market竞争激烈的劳动力市场Seek employment求职Potential recruits潜在的应聘人Suffer stressSuffer from more pressure感到压力Urban sprawlUrban expansion城市扩张Prospective citizens申请入籍的人Non-Engl

3、ish speaking migrants母语非英语的移民Indigenous people本土人Local residentsCitizenship国籍第2类政府Government/Public funds公共资金、开支Public expenditure (on)Government investment (in)Budget constraints预算限制Political leadership政府领导力Give priority to把 放在首位Enforce制定法律Formulate+ lawsEnactImprovecitizensliving提高居民生活水平standardsH

4、ealth service医疗服务Social stability社会稳定Produce a better societyReduce traffic congestionTrigger conflictsTechnological devicesMassive technological change减少交通堵塞引发冲突第3类科技技术设备大规模技术变化Online activityE-communication上网网络交流Social networking websites Education content社交网站教育性内容enable users to acquire knowledge

5、Broaden one s horizons Widen our vision开阔眼界Expand knowledge Increase/broaden/widen knowledge扩宽知识Exercise different optionsPowerful functioning applicationsPresent informationProvide different optionsBrainstorm ideasEmbrace creative ideas强大的功能应用提供信息提供不同选项集思广益拥抱创意Put ideas into practice把想法付诸实践Stifle抑制

6、Usecreativity运用创造力Fireimagination促进想象力Capture激发Biotech industry生物技术领域Vulnerable to an attack by online criminals容易受到网络罪犯的攻击The whole ecosystemGlobal environmental problemsGlobal environmental degradation/destruction第4类环境整个生态系统环境问题环境恶化Stain on environmentAt environment s expenseHuman activities(Would

7、) suffer sooner or laterClimate changeGlobal warmingGlaciers MeltingSea level riseRelease/discharge pollutants环境压力环境代价人类活动早晚都要遭报应气候变化全球变暖冰川融化海平面上升淡水减少汽车尾气排放排放污染物Carbon footprint碳足迹Leavecarbon footprintAir pollution/contaminationGreenhouse effectAcid trainDeteriorating environmentThe increase of litt

8、er/garbageRadioactive waste disposalEnergy crisisWater shortage大气污染温室效应酸雨生活环境恶化污染物增加垃圾增多废水增多放射物的污染处理能源危机水资源短缺The shortage of water recoursesDeforestationOvergrazingLower fertilityFood supply problemFamineResourcesDeplete nature recoursesNon-renewable resourcesFossil fuelsRenewable resourcesAlternati

9、ve energyHydro powerWind powerSolar power森林减少过度放牧土地生产力下降食品供应不足饥荒资源耗尽自然资源不可再生资源化石燃料可再生资源可替代资源水电风能太阳能Tidal power潮汐能Hydride power氢能Natural disasters自然灾害Droughts干旱Floods洪灾Sand storms沙尘暴Violent storms雷暴Suitable solution解决方法Mitigate the environmental impact减少对环境的影响Tackle pollution减少、处理污染Sustain the enviro

10、nment保护环境Sustainable development可持续发展世界Global cooperation全球合作Achieve/reach the agreement达成共识Set international standards for制定环境保护的国际标准environmentalprotection/conservation/preservation政府Enforce environmental laws制定环保政策Forbid/ curb Unenvironmental禁止破坏环境的行为behaviourTax disposable packaging给一次性包装收税Low-c

11、arbon economy鼓励低碳经济发展Encourage Low-carbon economyContain pollution控制污染Improve air quality改善空气质量Treat waste effectively有效地处理垃圾科技Investin and research投资研发 Exploit大力发展 Environmental friendly technology环保科技Energy-saving technology节能科技 见可再生资源Renewable green energy可再生的清洁能源Lesspollutingor fuel-efficient燃油高

12、效性汽车cars/vehiclesHi-tech solutions高科技的解决方法企业Conserve energy节约资源Environmental friendly products推出环保产品Promote environmental friendly productsGreen consuming habits引导大众绿色消费习惯Lead/guide the public to entergreen consuming habits个人Make a consciouseffort to有意识地Take action采取行动Fight against climate change抵制气

13、候变化Raisegreen/environmental提升环保意识awarenessConservation activities保护活动Low-carbon lifestyle倡导低碳生活方式Appeallow-carbon life styleTake public transport, carpool or乘坐公共交通工具、拼车或骑自行车ride abicycleThrowaway products避免使用一次性产品Avoid usingthrowaway productsEco-friendly使用生态友好型替代品alternatives/substitutionUse eco-fri

14、endly alternatives/substitutionSort daily garbage生活垃圾分类Consume less and recycle more少消耗多回收第 5 类 社会文化、观念和生活方式Culture exchange文化交流Inactive lifestyle不同的生活方式The erosion of (some) traditional传统文化价值的缺失values工作&财富Be economically better of经济条件宽裕Become financially well-offBecome more affluentMaterial wealth物

15、质财富pay closer attention to material wealth,注重物质财富but fail to attach importance to family life.Overworking工作过度Work Overtime加班工作Lead a hectic life过着忙碌的生活Perform poorly表现很差Enjoy the company of family享受家庭生活Luxury goods , such as奢侈品（房、车、物件）Grand housesBe able to afford/Fancy/luxury carsform an important

16、part of their well-being.Hi-tech gadgetsGet a foot on the property ladder买自己的房子Shopaholic购物狂Everyday expenditure日常消费Necessities of modern life现实生活的必需品Non-essential items不必要的物品Resist the temptation to克制欲望A housing crisis房屋紧缺Shortage of houses(Unlimited) private car ownership Private car use私家车 &环境、健康

17、私家车的使用Restrict the private car useRestrict the use of private carLimit the number of cars限制私家车的使用Involve fuel consumption Create exhaust fumes消耗燃油排放废气Deteriorate air quality破坏大气质量(As) air quality deteriorates, 随着空气质量的破坏Suffer from respiratory diseases遭受呼吸系统疾病Hospitaladmission(will)increase入院人数增加饮食、肥

18、胖&健康Genetically modified crops转基因农产品Poor diet不好的饮食Fast food垃圾食品Junk foodStaple food主食Lean meat瘦肉Epidemic of obesity肥胖蔓延Fat content脂肪比重Physical degeneration体质下降Fall sick生病Lose weight减肥Go on a diet节食Detox diet排毒减肥餐Regular exercise经常锻炼 (regular = usual)Improve individuals well-being加强身体健康旅游Travelling o

19、verseas出境游Leisure activities休闲活动第6类教育Meet admission requirements符合入学要求Meet entry requirementsMeet entrance standardsSecondary education中等教育Receive a college education接受大学教育universitytertiaryCore courses主课Optional courses选修curriculumIncrease knowledge增加知识Conduct academic studies做学术研究大学职能Theoretical k

20、nowledge理论知识Improve/enhance students提高学习能力intellectual skillsBroaden one s mind扩宽视野KeepabreastofthelatestdevelopmentGain more knowledge and experience获得更多知识和经验Seize opportunities把握机会Career prospect职业前景Employment prospectJob outlookPromising future好的前景Job outlook is brightLeave school毕业GraduateGradua

21、te unemployment毕业生失业率Private fostering收养孩子Guardianship监护权Close family member近亲Birth parents亲生父母Responsible adult靠谱的成年人Fertility watching生育监管机构Target children针对小孩第7类媒体Affectconsumersshoppinghabits消费习惯and产品偏好product preferencesCustomer-focused以顾客为导向的Boostonesconfidencein提高对产品的信心(products)Satisfy ones

22、need满足需求Perform important functions执行重要功能Press barons媒体业巨头Media exposure媒体曝光The rightto freespeech and a free言论自由和媒体自由press第8类犯罪The illegal use非法使用Violent crimes暴力犯罪Race violence种族暴力Gun control枪支管制Gun violence枪支暴力Criminal offence刑事犯罪Break the law违法Disobey the lawDo something outside the lawDelinquen

23、cyCrimesCommit suicide自杀Reduce crime减少犯罪Combat crime打击犯罪Curb抑制犯罪Deter+ crimeCurb抑制酒驾Deter+ drink driving第9类动物Animals which face extinction面临灭绝的动物Be threatened with extinction面临灭绝Endangered species濒危物种Keep these species alive保持物种存活Human-caused disturbances人为干扰Pose a threat to nature habitats对自然栖息地构成威

24、胁Contaminate the food chain破坏食物链Destroy/Keeptheecological破坏 / 维持生态平衡balanceIntensive farming密集种植Restrict mobility限制行动Be locked up in cages被关在笼子里Natural behaviour本能Hunting instinct狩猎本能Professional zookeepers专业饲养员Captive breeding programmes圈养繁殖计划Reintroduced to natural habitats重回自然栖息地Preserve biodiver

25、sity保护物种多样性Funding for conservation动物保护基金第 10 类 妇女、老人和年轻人Male-dominated word男人占主导位置的世界（男人支配）Fulfil oneself实现抱负Rear a child (alone)抚养小孩常用The focus of public concern公众关注焦点Central question核心问题The inescapable fact is that无法回避的问题是Open to discussion值得商榷The former/latter前者 or 后者Tradeoff折中条件Side with支持Suppo

26、rters支持者Pros and cons优缺点The pros and cons ofwill be discussed belowOutline the cause (of)概括原因Propose solutions提出解决方法Tackle处理问题Handle+ the problemsDeal withTake measures to采取措施There are many measures we can take to solve this problem,我们可以采取很多措施解决这一问题Deserve immediate attention应立即得到注意and some of them

27、deserve immediate attention.其中一些必须立即引起我们的重视Pose a threat to对 造成威胁Pose a potential menaceMake concerted efforts to齐心协People from differentcountriesshould makeconcerted effortsto solve力this problem.Everything go on as usual一切照常Lay a foundation for为 奠定基础Have a lifelong impact on一生的影响修饰词Non-essential不必要

28、的 The proliferation of 的扩散The adequacy of充足的Be crucial to至关重要动词Recognize the value of认识到 的价值连接词引言In a way在某种情况下In general一般而言As a general rule照例In many cases通常More often than not通常，多半In most cases在绝大多数情况下Not surprisinglyUndoubtedlyIt is undeniable that无可置疑的是Thereis no denying thatIt is generallyacce

29、pted that众所周知的是并列Likewise同样地、也MeanwhileBesidesIn additionWhats more口语递进MoreoverFurthermoreLet alone更不必说Last but not least最后但并不是最不重要的（不要放在段落开头）In extreme cases在极端情况下转折However然而（轻微转折）Nonetheless虽然如此，但是（重度转折）NeverthelessConversely相反地MeanwhileAt the same time but in other places另一方面On the other handAt t

30、he other extremeOn the negative sideOn the positive/plus sideOn the downsideUnder exceptional circumstancesDespitethesebenefits,itis重度转折，引出相反观点的中心句arguedthat选择AlternativelyInsteadRatherConversely相比In compar ison withBy compar isonBy contrastIn contrast结果ThereforeAs suchFor this reasonHenceThusGiven

31、thisIn view of thisThe cons equence is that举例For exampleFor instance主体段落总结In briefIn a wordPut simply全文总结To summariseIn conclusionTo sum upIncrease one s self-confidence = Boost one s self-confidenceHave a (adj.) impact on (negative = adverse)Mental arithmetic心算能力Spelling out列举P139Refute否定Means mode/form of travel旅行方式Sightseeing观光Imposing tax penalties加税Boosted振兴P143Brought to the forefront放到了最前沿